Natural water treatment systems for safe and sustainable water supply in the Indian context : Saph Pani / edited by Thomas Wintgens [and three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Wintgens, Thomas, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Water--Purification--India.

Water.

Water-supply--India.

Water-supply.

Sustainable living--India.

Sustainable living.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (366 pages) : illustrations, maps

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London, England : IWA Publishing, 2016.

Summary:

Natural Water Treatment Systems for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in the Indian Context is based on the work from the Saph Pani project (Hindi word meaning potable water).The book aims to study and improve natural water treatment systems, such as River Bank Filtration (RBF), Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR), and wetlands in India, building local and European expertise in this field. The project aims to enhance water resources and water supply, particularly in water stressed urban and peri urban areas in different parts of the Indian sub-continent. This project is co-funded by the European Union under the Seventh Framework (FP7) scheme of small or medium scale focused research projects for specific cooperation actions (SICA) dedicated to international cooperation partner countries.Natural Water Treatment Systems for Safe and Sustainable Water Supply in the Indian Context provides:an introduction to the concepts of natural water treatment systems (MAR, RBF, wetlands) at national and international levelknowledge of the basics of MAR, RBF and wetlands, methods and hydrogeological characterisationan insight into case studies in India and abroad.This book is a useful resource for teaching at Post Graduate level, for research and professional reference.

Contents:

Cover

Contents

About the Editors

Foreword by Rossella Riggio and Dr. Panagiotis Balabanis (European Commission)

Foreword by P. Rajendra Prasad (Saph Pani Advisory Board)

Acknowledgements

Glossary

FURTHER INFORMATION

Chapter 1: Introduction to natural water treatment systems in the Indian context

1.1 INTRODUCTION TO SAPH PANI

1.1.1 Water resources in India

1.1.2 The role of natural treatment technologies in mitigating water scarcity in India

1.1.3 Saph Pani project objectives

1.1.4 Saph Pani approach and methodology

1.2 SAPH PANI CASE STUDY SITES

1.2.1 Field site in Haridwar by Ganga River

1.2.2 Field site in Srinagar by Alaknanda River

1.2.3 Nainital by Nainital Lake

1.2.4 National Capital Territory (NCT) Delhi by Yamuna River

1.2.5 Maheshwaram

1.2.6 Chennai

1.2.7 Raipur

1.2.8 Mumbai

1.2.9 Hyderabad, Musi River watershed

1.2.10 MAR and SAT Case study summary

1.3 STRUCTURE OF THE BOOK

1.4 REFERENCES

Chapter 2: Overview of bank filtration in India and the need for flood-proof RBF systems

2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.2 OVERVIEW OF BANK FILTRATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA

2.2.1 Summary of design-parameters of bank filtration systems in India

2.2.2 Overview of water quality aspects at bank filtration sites

2.2.3 Mitigation of risks to bank filtration sites in India

2.3 RISKS FROM MONSOON FLOODS TO BANK FILTRATION SYSTEMS IN INDIA

2.3.1 The effect of the monsoon on drinking water production

2.3.2 Risks to riverbank filtration sites from floods

2.3.3 Flood-risk identification at the RBF case study sites of Haridwar and Srinagar

Description of RBF site and extreme flood event in Srinagar

Summary of identifiable risks and existing flood protection measures

Failure of main power supply and contingency measures.

2.4 ASSESSMENT OF RISKS TO BANK FILTRATION WELLS

2.4.1 Design of wells and direct contamination

2.4.2 Field investigations on the removal of bacteriological indicators

2.4.3 Removal of coliforms under field conditions simulated for the river-aquifer interface

2.5 MITIGATION OF FLOOD-RISKS AT RBF SITES

2.5.1 Risk management plans for RBF sites in Haridwar and Srinagar

Operational and technical aspects

Health aspects

2.5.2 Need for construction of flood-proof RBF wells

Criteria for flood protection measures of RBF wells

Sanitary sealing of RBF wells

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

2.6 REFERENCES

Chapter 3: Lake bank filtration for water supply in Nainital

3.1 INTRODUCTION

3.2 STUDY SITE

3.3 GEOLOGY OF THE TUBE-WELL SITE

3.4 WATER BALANCE

3.5 METHODOLOGY

3.5.1 Sample collection

3.5.2 Sample analysis

3.6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.6.1 Spatio-temporal variation in lake water quality

3.6.2 Proportion of bank filtrate and groundwater in the wells

3.6.3 Attenuation of coliforms, turbidity and dissolved organics

3.6.4 Ionic composition of waters

3.6.5 Comparison with previous literature

3.7 CONCLUSIONS

3.8 REFERENCES

Chapter 4: Application of bank filtration in aquifers affected by ammonium - The Delhi example

4.1 INTRODUCTION

4.2 NITROGEN

4.2.1 Occurrence and effects

4.2.2 Guideline values

4.2.3 Nitrogen in surface water bodies

4.2.4 Nitrogen in sewage water

4.3 THE DELHI CASE STUDY

4.3.1 Overview

4.3.2 Study area

Previous research

Geology and hydrogeology

Description of the production wells

4.3.3 Field studies

Water and sediment sampling

Results: Ammonium concentrations at the field site

4.3.4 Laboratory studies

Sediment analyses

Column experiments

Results of the column experiments

4.3.5 1D Transport modelling.

Adsorption modelling

Desorption modelling

4.4 OVERVIEW OF REMEDIATION AND POST-TREATMENT OPTIONS

4.5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.5.1 Recommended remediation

4.5.2 Recommended post-treatment

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

4.6 REFERENCES

Chapter 5: Overview of Managed Aquifer Recharge in India

5.1 INTRODUCTION

5.1.1 Scope

5.1.2 Definition of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)

5.1.3 Structures for MAR

Surface spreading

Contour bund and contour trench

Bench terracing

Percolation or infiltration pond or tank and recharge basin

Check dam, nala bund

Gully plug and gabion wall

Recharge pit

Recharge shaft

Injection well or recharge well

Underground dam

Rooftop rainwater harvesting structure

Dug well recharge

5.2 HYDROLOGIC CYCLE OF INDIA

5.2.1 Current overall situation

5.2.2 Spatial and seasonal variation

5.2.3 Future water demand

5.3 COORDINATED ACTIONS FOR PROMOTING ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE

5.3.1 Pilot schemes of the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB)

5.3.2 Implementation schemes

5.4 STATE-OF-THE-ART OF MAR IMPLEMENTATION IN INDIA

5.4.1 Source water availability

5.4.2 Hydrogeological data

5.4.3 Surface and groundwater quality over time

Pathogens

Organic chemicals

Ionic contamination

Experience from case studies on SAT in India

5.4.4 Infiltration rate and prevention of clogging

5.4.5 Maintenance of the structure and the surrounding area

5.5 CONCLUSION

5.6 REFERENCES

Chapter 6: Groundwater responses due to various MAR structures: Case studies from Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

6.1 INTRODUCTION

6.2 PERCOLATION POND

6.2.1 Problem statement and objectives

6.2.2 Results and interpretation

Water table rise

Estimation of recharge

Estimation of physical clogging

Groundwater quality

6.2.3 Discussion

6.3 CHECK DAM.

6.3.1 Problem statement and objectives

6.3.2 Check dam at Paleswaram

Results and interpretation

Estimation of recharge from the check dam

Impact on groundwater level

Improvement in groundwater quality due to recharge

6.3.3 Check dam at Ariapakkam

6.3.4 Discussion

6.4 TEMPLE TANKS IN CHENNAI CITY

6.4.1 Site description

6.4.2 Problem statement and objectives

6.4.3 Results and interpretation

6.4.4 Discussion

6.5 CONCLUSION

6.6 REFERENCES

Chapter 7: Percolation tanks as managed aquifer recharge structures in crystalline aquifers - An example from the Maheshwaram watershed

7.1 INTRODUCTION

7.2 SITE DESCRIPTION

7.2.1 Maheshwaram watershed

7.2.2 Main characteristics of the crystalline rock aquifer

7.2.3 Tummulur tank monitoring program

7.3 RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION

7.3.1 Field results and observation

7.3.2 Tummulur tank water balance

7.3.3 Flow characteristics in crystalline aquifer

7.3.4 Impact of Tummulur tank recharge on groundwater quality

7.3.5 Stable isotopes

7.4 DISCUSSION

7.5 CONCLUSION

7.6 REFERENCES

Chapter 8: Constructed wetlands and other engineered natural treatment systems: India status report

8.1 INTRODUCTION

8.1.1 Significance of natural treatment systems in the context of India

8.1.2 Scope and objectives

8.2 METHODOLOGY

8.2.1 Questionnaire for the survey and identification of the sites

8.2.2 Data collection and assessment

8.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

8.3.1 Performance of WWTPs based on engineered natural treatment technologies in India

8.3.2 Natural treatment technologies practiced in India

8.3.3 Problems associated with operation and maintenance of NTSs across India

8.3.4 Issues associated with management of NTSs in India

8.3.5 Post-treatment and reuse of effluents from NTSs in India.

8.4 CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS LEARNT

8.5 REFERENCES

8.6 APPENDIX

Chapter 9: Experiences with laboratory and pilot scale constructed wetlands for treatment of sewages and effluents

9.1 INTRODUCTION

9.1.1 Scope and objectives

9.2 METHODOLOGY

9.2.1 Studies on media and vegetation

9.2.2 Kinetic studies using laboratory CW-reactors

9.2.3 Studies in pilot-scale HSSF-CW facility

9.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

9.3.1 Characterization of media and vegetation

9.3.2 Biodegradation kinetics using laboratory CW-reactors

9.3.3 Performance assessment using pilot-scale HSSF-CW

9.3.4 Strategies for performance enhancement

9.4 CONCLUSIONS AND LESSONS LEARNT

9.5 REFERENCES

Chapter 10: Significance of incorporating constructed wetlands to enhance reuse of treated wastewater in India

10.1 INTRODUCTION

10.1.1 The potential of constructed wetlands for treatment of wastewater

10.1.2 Scope and objectives

10.2 IN-DEPTH ASSESSMENT THROUGH CASE STUDIES

10.2.1 HSSF-CW at Mansagar lake, in the city of Jaipur, state of Rajasthan in Northern India: Case study 1

10.2.2 HSSF-CW in katchpura slum, city of Agra, state of Uttar Pradesh in Northern India: Case study 2

10.2.3 HSSF-CW in Pipar Majra, a rural community in the district Ropar, state of Punjab in northern India: Case study 3

10.3 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

10.3.1 Highlights of the performance of selected case studies

10.3.2 Lessons learnt from rejuvenation of Lake in the city of Jaipur

10.3.3 Lessons learnt from decentralized treatment of wastewater from a peri-urban community in Agra

10.3.4 Lessons learnt from decentralized treatment of wastewater from a rural community

10.3.5 Typologies of failures of constructed wetlands and remedial measures

10.4 CONCLUSIONS AND LEASSONS LEARNT

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.

10.5 REFERENCES.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed November 17, 2016).

OCLC:

956997828