Materials for solid state lighting and displays / edited by Adrian Kitai.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Kitai, Adrian, 1957- editor.

Series:

Wiley series in materials for electronic and optoelectronic applications.

THEi Wiley ebooks.

Wiley Series in Materials for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

THEi Wiley ebooks

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Electroluminescent display systems--Materials.

Electroluminescent display systems.

LED lighting--Materials.

LED lighting.

Semiconductors--Materials.

Semiconductors.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (383 pages) : illustrations, tables.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, England : Wiley, 2017.

System Details:

Access using campus network via VPN at home (THEi Users Only).

Summary:

LEDs are in the midst of revolutionizing the lighting industry * Up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of light-emitting materials and devices used in solid state lighting and displays * Presents the fundamental principles underlying luminescence * Includes inorganic and organic materials and devices * LEDs offer high efficiency, long life and mercury free lighting solutions

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright

Contents

List of Contributors

Series Preface

Preface

Acknowledgments

About the Editor

Chapter 1 Principles of Solid State Luminescence

1.1 Introduction to Radiation from an Accelerating Charge

1.2 Radiation from an Oscillating Dipole

1.3 Quantum Description of an Electron during a Radiation Event

1.4 The Exciton

1.5 Two-Electron Atoms

1.6 Molecular Excitons

1.7 Band-to-Band Transitions

1.8 Photometric Units

1.9 The Light Emitting Diode

References

Chapter 2 Quantum Dots for Displays and Solid State Lighting

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Nanostructured Materials

2.3 Quantum Dots

2.3.1 History of Quantum Dots

2.3.2 Structure and Properties Relationship

2.3.3 Quantum Confinement Effects on Band Gap

2.4 Relaxation Process of Excitons

2.4.1 Radiative Relaxation

2.4.2 Nonradiative Relaxation Process

2.5 Blinking Effect

2.6 Surface Passivation

2.6.1 Organically Capped QDs

2.6.2 Inorganically Passivated QDs

2.7 Synthesis Processes

2.7.1 Top-Down Synthesis

2.7.2 Bottom-Up Approach

2.8 Optical Properties and Applications

2.8.1 Displays

2.8.2 Solid State Lighting

2.8.3 Biological Applications

2.9 Perspective

Chapter 3 Color Conversion Phosphors for Light Emitting Diodes

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Disadvantages of Using LEDs Without Color Conversion Phosphors

3.3 Phosphors for Converting the Color of Light Emitted by LEDs

3.3.1 General Considerations

3.3.2 Requirements of Color Conversion Phosphors

3.3.3 Commonly Used Activators in Color Conversion Phosphors

3.3.4 Strategies for Generating White Light from LEDs

3.3.5 Outstanding Problems with Color Conversion Phosphors for LEDs.

3.4 Survey of the Synthesis and Properties of Some Currently Available Color Conversion Phosphors

3.4.1 Phosphor synthesis

3.4.2 Metal Oxide Based Phosphors

3.4.3 Metal Sulfide Based Phosphors

3.4.4 Metal Nitrides

3.4.5 Alkaline Earth Metal Oxo-Nitrides

3.4.6 Metal Fluoride Phosphors

3.5 Multi-Phosphor pcLEDs

3.6 Quantum Dots

3.7 Laser Diodes

3.8 Conclusions

Chapter 4 Nitride and Oxynitride Phosphors for Light Emitting Diodes

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Synthesis of Nitride and Oxynitride Phosphors

4.2.1 Solid State Reaction Method

4.2.2 Gas Reduction and Nitridation

4.2.3 Carbothermal Reduction and Nitridation

4.2.4 Alloy Nitridation

4.2.5 Ammonothermal Synthesis

4.3 Photoluminescence Properties of Nitride and Oxynitride Phosphors

4.3.1 Luminescence Spectra of Typical Activators

4.4 Emerging Nitride Phosphors and Their Synthesis

4.4.1 Narrow-Band Red Nitride Phosphors

4.4.2 Narrow-Band Green Nitride Phosphors

4.5 Applications of Nitride Phosphors

4.5.1 General Lighting

4.5.2 LCD Backlight

Chapter 5 Organic Light Emitting Device Materials for Displays

5.1 Introduction to OLEDs and Organic Electroluminscent Materials

5.2 OLED Light Emitting Materials

5.2.1 Neat Emitters

5.2.2 Guest Emitters

5.2.3 Aggregate-Induced Emission

5.3 OLED Displays

5.3.1 RGB Color Patterning Approaches

5.3.2 Display Addressing Approaches

5.3.3 FMM Technology

5.3.4 Alternative Fabrication Techniques

5.3.5 Outlook on OLED Display Commercialization

5.4 Quantum Dot Light Emitting Devices

5.4.1 QD Optimization by Core-Shell Morphology

5.4.2 Organic Charge Transport QD-LEDs

5.4.3 Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Charge Transport QD-LEDs

5.4.4 Energy Transfer Enhanced QD-LEDs

5.4.5 QD-LED Lifetime

References.

Chapter 6 White-Light Emitting Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diode-Based Displays and Lighting

6.1 Introduction

6.2 White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

6.3 Photometry and Radiometry

6.3.1 OLED Efficiencies

6.3.2 Color Stimulus Specification

6.3.3 Color Correlated Temperature

6.3.4 Color Rendering Index

6.3.5 White Light

6.4 Device Optics

6.4.1 Optical Properties of Thin Films

6.4.2 Optical Outcoupling

6.4.3 Top-Emitting OLEDs

6.4.4 Simulation Tools

6.5 Materials for Efficient White Electroluminescence

6.5.1 Spin Statistics for Electroluminescence

6.5.2 Fluorescence-Emitting Molecules

6.5.3 Advanced Concepts Comprising Fluorescent Emitters

6.5.4 Phosphorescence-Emitting Molecules

6.5.5 Single White-Light Emitting Phosphorescent Materials

6.5.6 Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence-Based Emitters

6.5.7 Phosphorescence Versus Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence

6.5.8 TADF Assisted Fluorescence (TAF) Emitters

6.6 Polymer Concepts

6.6.1 Various Concepts Involving Polymer Materials

6.6.2 Learning from High Performance Small Molecules for High Efficiency Polymers

6.7 Summary and Outlook

Chapter 7 Light Emitting Diode Materials and Devices

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Light Emitting Diode Basics

7.2.1 Construction

7.2.2 Recombination Processes

7.2.3 Heterojunctions

7.2.4 Quantum Wells

7.2.5 Current Injection

7.2.6 Forward voltage

7.3 Material Systems

7.3.1 Ga(As,P)

7.3.2 Ga(As,P):N

7.3.3 (Al,Ga)As

7.3.4 (Al,Ga)InP

7.3.5 (Ga,In)N

7.3.6 White Light Generation

7.4 Packaging Technologies

7.4.1 Low Power

7.4.2 Mid Power

7.4.3 High Power

7.4.4 Chip-On-Board LEDs

7.4.5 Multi-Color LEDs

7.4.6 Electrostatic Discharge Protection

7.5 Performance

7.5.1 Light Extraction Efficiency.

7.5.2 Monochromatic Performance

7.5.3 White-Emitting Performance

7.5.4 Temperature Effects

7.5.5 Reliability

Chapter 8 Alternating Current Thin Film and Powder Electroluminescence

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Background of TFEL

8.2.1 Thick Film Dielectric EL Structure

8.2.2 Ceramic Sheet Dielectric EL

8.2.3 Sphere-Supported TFEL

8.3 Theory of Operation

8.4 Electroluminescent Phosphors

8.5 Thin Film Double-Insulating EL Devices

8.6 Current Status of TFEL

8.7 Background of AC Powder EL

8.8 Mechanism of Light Emission in AC Powder EL

8.9 Electroluminescence Characteristics of AC Powder EL Materials

8.10 Emission Spectra of AC Powder EL

8.11 Luminance Degradation

8.12 Moisture and Operating Environment

8.13 Current Status and Limitations of Powder EL

8.14 Research Directions in AC Powder EL and TFEL

Index

EULA.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119140603

1119140609

9781119140597

1119140595

9781119140610

1119140617

OCLC:

967077915