Neuroprotective effects of phytochemicals in neurological disorders / edited by Tahira Farooqui, Akhlaq Farooqui.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Farooqui, Tahira, editor.

Farooqui, Akhlaq A., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Phytochemicals.

Nervous system--Diseases--Chemotherapy.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (665 pages) : illustrations (some color)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley Blackwell, 2017.

Summary:

Phytochemicals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds found in edible fruits, plants, vegetables, and herbs. Unlike vitamins and minerals, phytochemicals are not needed for the maintenance of cell viability, but they play a vital role in protecting neural cells from inflammation and oxidative stress associated with normal aging and acute and chronic age-related brain diseases. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the advances in our understanding of the potential neuroprotective benefits that these naturally occurring chemicals contain. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders explores the role that a number of plant-based chemical compounds play in a wide variety of neurological disorders. Chapters explore the impact of phytochemicals on neurotraumatic disorders, such as stroke and spinal cord injury, alongside neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease, as well as neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. The chapters and sections of this book provide the reader with a big picture view of this field of research. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders aims to present readers with a comprehensive and cutting edge look at the effects of phytochemicals on the brain and neurological disorders in a manner useful to researchers, neuroscientists, clinical nutritionists, and physicians.

Contents:

Intro

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1 Use of Phytochemicals against Neuroinflammation

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Mechanism of Action of Phytochemicals

1.3 Bioavailability of Phytochemicals

1.4 Plants Effective against Neuroinflammation

1.4.1 Order: Apiales

1.4.2 Order: Arecales

1.4.3 Order: Asparagales

1.4.4 Order: Asterales

1.4.5 Order: Celastrales

1.4.6 Order: Cucurbitales

1.4.7 Order: Dipsacales

1.4.8 Order: Ericales

1.4.9 Order: Fagales

1.4.10 Order: Fabales

1.4.11 Order: Ginkgoales

1.4.12 Order: Gentianales

1.4.13 Order: Lamiales

1.4.14 Order: Laurales

1.4.15 Order: Magnoliales

1.4.16 Order: Malpighiales

1.4.17 Order: Oxalidales

1.4.18 Order: Pinales

1.4.19 Order: Piperales

1.4.20 Order: Ranunculales

1.4.21 Order: Rosales

1.4.22 Order: Sapindales

1.4.23 Order: Saxifragales

1.4.24 Order: Solanales

1.4.25 Order: Vitales

1.4.26 Order: Zingiberales

1.4.27 Order: Fucales

1.4.28 Order: Agaricales

1.4.29 Order: Polyporales

1.5 Use of Phytochemicals against Neuroinflammation

1.5.1 Catechin Flavonoid Polyphenols

1.5.2 Anthocyanin Flavonoid Polyphenols

1.5.3 Stilbenoid Polyphenols

1.5.4 Curcuminoid Polyphenols

1.5.5 Ginkgo biloba Polyphenols

1.5.6 Aromatic Acid Class of Phenolic Compounds

1.5.7 Phenylethanoid Class of Phenolic Compounds

1.5.8 Organosulfur Class of Glucosinolates

1.5.9 n-3 Fatty Acids

1.6 Phytochemicals and Stroke

1.6.1 Tea

1.6.2 Flavonoids

1.6.3 Resveratrol

1.6.4 Ginkgo biloba

1.6.5 Olive Oil

1.6.6 n-3 Fatty Acids

1.7 Phytochemicals and AD

1.7.1 Flavonoids

1.7.2 Resveratrol

1.7.3 Curcumin

1.7.4 Ginkgo biloba

1.7.5 n-3 Fatty Acids

1.8 Conclusion

Conflicts of Interest

References.

Chapter 2 Flavonoids in Transgenic Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Models: Current Insights and Future Perspectives

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Histopathological Hallmarks in AD

2.2.1 Tauopathy

2.2.2 Amyloidopathy

2.3 Current Therapy

2.4 Natural Bioactive Compounds

2.4.1 Flavonoids

2.4.2 Biflavonoids

2.5 Transgenic Mouse Models for the Evaluation of Flavonoids

2.6 Conclusion

References

Chapter 3 Neuroprotective Effects of Polyphenols in Aging and Age‐Related Neurological Disorders

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Effects of Polyphenols on Age‐Related Cognitive Decline

3.3 Polyphenols and AD

3.4 Cellular and Molecular Interactions Underlying the Cognitive Effects of Polyphenols

3.4.1 Stimulation of Synaptic Plasticity

3.4.2 Modulation of Neuroinflammation

3.4.3 Flavonoid-Induced Changes in Vascular Function and Angiogenesis

3.5 Conclusion

Chapter 4 Indian Herbs and their Therapeutic Potential against Alzheimer's Disease and Other Neurological Disorders

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Ayurveda

4.3 Therapeutic Intervention in AD

4.4 Medicinal Plants

4.4.1 Ashwagandha

4.4.2 Brahmi

4.4.3 Gotu Kola

4.4.4 Chandan

4.4.5 Shankhapushpi

4.4.6 Yastimadhu

4.4.7 Bhilawa

4.4.8 Haldi

4.4.9 Safed Bach

4.4.10 Guggulu

4.4.11 Jatamansi

4.4.12 Ananthamoola

4.4.13 Aparajita

4.4.14 Tulsi

4.4.15 Ber

4.4.16 Pudina

4.4.17 Til

4.5 Herbs and Drug Interactions

4.6 Conclusion

Acknowledgements

Chapter 5 Garlic and its Effects in Neurological Disorders

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Bioavailability of Garlic Constituents

5.3 Biochemical Effects of Garlic Components in Visceral Tissues

5.4 Biochemical Effects of Garlic on the Brain

5.4.1 Garlic Components and Hydrogen Sulfide Formation in the Brain.

5.4.2 Adverse Effects of Garlic

5.5 Effects of Garlic Constituents in Neurological Disorders

5.5.1 Beneficial Effects of Garlic Components in Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury

5.5.2 Beneficial Effects of Garlic Components in AD

5.5.3 Beneficial Effects of Garlic Components in PD

5.5.4 Beneficial Effects of Garlic Components in Animal Models of Huntington's Disease

5.5.5 Beneficial Effects of Garlic Components in Animal Models of Depression

5.6 Conclusion

Chapter 6 Effects of Extra‐Virgin Olive Oil in Neurological Disorders

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Bioavailibility and Metabolism of Olive Oil and Metabolism of Olive Oil Components in Visceral and Brain Tissues

6.3 Effect of Oleic Acid and its Metabolites in Neurological Disorders

6.4 Beneficial Effects of Olive Oil Components in AD

6.5 Beneficial Effects of Olive Oil Components in Ischemic Injury

6.6 Beneficial Effects of Oil Components in Neuropsychiatric Diseases

6.7 Conclusion

Chapter 7 Ginger Components as Anti‐Alzheimer Drugs: Focus on Drug Design

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Neurodegeneration in AD

7.3 Treatment Strategies

7.4 Designing an Anti-Alzheimer Agent

7.5 Ginger: A Promising Remedy for AD

7.6 Shogaols and Gingerols as Potential Anti-Alzheimer Leads

7.7 Molecular Interaction of Ginger Compounds with Potential Anti-Alzheimer Drug Targets

7.8 Pharmacokinetic Profile of Ginger Components

7.9 Conclusion

Chapter 8 Phytomedicine: A Possible Tool for Alzheimer's Disease Therapeutics

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Pathophysiology

8.3 Therapeutics

8.3.1 Plants and their Compounds with Acetylcholinesterase-Inhibitory Activity

8.3.2 Plants/Phytoconstituents Acting on Aβ

8.3.3 Plants/Phytoconstituents Acting on Tau

8.4 Conclusion

Chapter 9 Effects of Phytochemicals on Diabetic Retino-neuropathy

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Pathophysiology of Diabetic Retino-neuropathy

9.3 Biological Activity of Phytochemicals

9.4 Antidiabetic Effects of Phytochemicals

9.5 Phytochemicals in the Treatment of DR

9.6 Phytochemicals and Retino-neuropathy

9.7 Conclusions

Chapter 10 Herbal Drugs: A New Hope for Huntington's Disease

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Epidemiology

10.3 Pathophysiology

10.4 Therapeutic Approaches

10.4.1 Bacopa monnieri Wettst. (Syn. Herpestis monniera

Fam: Scrophulariaceae)

10.4.2 Cannabis sativa Linn. (Fam: Cannabaceae)

10.4.3 Centella asiatica Linn. (Syn. Hydrocotyl asiatica

Fam: Apiaceae)

10.4.4 Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois. (Syn. C. prostratus, C. microphyllus, Fam: Convolvulaceae)

10.4.5 Curcuma longa Linn. (Fam: Zingiberaceae)

10.4.6 Ginkgo biloba Linn. (Fam: Ginkgoaceae)

10.4.7 Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Fam: Araliaceae)

10.4.8 Withania somnifera Dunal. (Fam: Solanaceae)

10.4.9 Flavonoids

10.4.10 Lycopene

10.4.11 Resveratrol

10.4.12 Celastrol

10.4.13 Trehalose

10.5 Conclusion

Chapter 11 Neuroprotective Properties of Dietary Polyphenols in Parkinson's Disease

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Pathogenesis of PD

11.3 Polyphenols

11.3.1 Anthocyanins

11.3.2 Curcuminoids

11.3.3 Resveratrol

11.3.4 Tea Polyphenols

11.4 Polyphenols and PD

11.5 Conclusion

Chapter 12 Potential of Polyphenols in the Treatment of Major Depression: Focus on Molecular Aspects

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Major Depression and Animal Models

12.3 Curcumin (1,7-bis (4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 1,6-heptadiene-3,5-dione)

12.3.1 Molecular Mechanisms

12.4 Ferulic Acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-cinnamic acid)

12.4.1 Molecular Mechanisms.

12.5 Resveratrol (5-(E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)benzene-1,3-diol)

12.5.1 Molecular Mechanisms

12.6 Naringenin ((2S)-5,7-dihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- 2,3-dihydrochromen-4-one)

12.6.1 Molecular Mechanisms

12.7 Quercetin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5, 7-trihydroxychromen-4-one)

12.7.1 Molecular Mechanisms

12.8 Hesperidin (4'-methoxy-7-O-rutinosyl-3′, 5-dihydroxyflavanone)

12.8.1 Molecular Mechanisms

12.9 Rutin (2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3- ((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(((2R,3R,4R,5R,6S)- 3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one)

12.9.1 Molecular Mechanisms

12.10 Conclusion

Chapter 13 Effect of Phytochemicals on Diabetes-Related Neurological Disorders

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Phytochemicals as Natural Remedies for DN

13.2.1 Cannabis sativa L.

13.2.2 Calotropis procera L.

13.2.3 Ginkgo biloba L.

13.2.4 Artemisia dracunculus L.

13.2.5 Moringa oleifera L.

13.2.6 Gymnema sylvestre

13.2.7 Citrullus colocynthis L.

13.2.8 Ocimum sanctum L.

13.2.9 Tinospora cordifolia

13.2.10 Trigonella foenum-graecum L.

13.2.11 Momordica charantia L.

13.2.12 Cleome viscosa L.

13.2.13 Dioscorea nipponica

13.2.14 Other Phytochemical Sources Effective against DN

13.3 Conclusion

Chapter 14 Neuroprotective Effects of Extra‐Virgin Olive Oil and its Components in Alzheimer's Disease

14.1 Alzheimer's Disease

14.1.1 Aβ Pathogenesis

14.1.2 Targeting Aβ for Therapeutic Intervention

14.2 Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and AD

14.3 EVOO Components and AD

14.3.1 Oleocanthal

14.3.2 Oleuropein Aglycone

14.4 Conclusion

Chapter 15 Protective Role of Black-Tea Extract in a Transgenic Drosophila Model of Parkinson's Disease

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Materials and Methods

15.2.1 Drosophila Stocks.

15.2.2 Drosophila Culture and Crosses.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119155188

1119155185

9781119155171

1119155177

9781119155195

1119155193

OCLC:

954038501