Nishina memorial lectures : creators of modern physics / Nishina Memorial Foundation (editor).

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Nishina Memorial Foundation, editor.

Nishina, Yoshio, 1890-1951.

Series:

Lecture Notes in Physics, 0075-8450 ; 746

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Physics.

Nishina, Yoshio, 1890-1951.

Nishina, Yoshio.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (XIV, 402 p.)

Edition:

1st ed. 2008.

Other Title:

Creators of modern physics

Place of Publication:

Berlin ; New York : Springer, [2008]

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Yoshio Nishina, referred to in Japan as the Father of Modern Physics, is well known for his theoretical work on the Klein–Nishina formula, which was done with Oskar Klein in the 6 years he spent in Copenhagen under Niels Bohr during the great era of the development of quantum physics. As described by Professor Ryogo Kubo in Chap. 2 of this volume, Nishina returned to Tokyo in 1929, and started to build up experimental and theoretical groups at RIKEN. His achievements there were many and great: (1) Encouraging Hideki Yukawa and Sin-itiro Tomonaga to tackle a new frontier of physics, leading eventually to their making breakthroughs in fundamental theoretical physics that won them Nobel prizes; (2) the discovery of “mesotrons” (the name for Yukawa particles at that time, now called muons) in 1937, which was published in Phys. Rev. , parallel to two American groups; (3) construction of small and large cyclotrons and subsequent discoveries of an important radioisotope 237 U and of symmetric ?ssion phenomena by fast neutron irradiation of uranium (1939 – 40), published in Phys. Rev. and Nature; and (4) creation of a new style of research institute, open to external researchers, an idea inherited from Copenhagen. During World-War-II his laboratory was severely damaged, and also his cyclotrons were destroyed and thrown into Tokyo Bay right after the end of the war.

Contents:

Abstraction in Modern Science

Yoshio Nishina, the Pioneer of Modern Physics in Japan

Tomonaga Sin-Itiro : A Memorial – Two Shakers of Physics

The Discovery of the Parity Violation in Weak Interactions and Its Recent Developments

Origins of Life

The Computing Machines in the Future

Niels Bohr and the Development of Concepts in Nuclear Physics

From X-Ray to Electron Spectroscopy

Theoretical Paradigms for the Sciences of Complexity

Some Ideas on the Aesthetics of Science

Particle Physics and Cosmology: New Aspects of an Old Relationship

The Experimental Discovery of CP Violation

The Nanometer Age: Challenge and Change

From Rice to Snow

SCIENCE—A Round Peg in a Square World

Are We Really Made of Quarks?

Very Elementary Particle Physics

The Klein-Nishina Formula&Quantum Electrodynamics.

Notes:

"A collection of Nishina Memorial Lectures delivered ... during the past 50 years at the invitation of the Nishina Memorial Foundation"--Back cover.

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9784431770565

4431770569