Flexible pipes / Qiang Bai, Yong Bai, and Weidong Ruan.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bai, Qiang, author.

Bai, Yong, author.

Ruan, Weidong, 1989- author.

Series:

Advances in Pipes and Pipelines

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Pipe--Materials.

Pipe.

Pipelines--Design and construction.

Pipelines.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (590 pages) : illustrations (some color), photographs.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Beverly, Massachusetts ; Hoboken, New Jersey : Scrivener Publishing : Wiley, 2017.

Summary:

Written by one of the most well-respected teams of scientists in the area of pipelines, this revolutionary approach offers the engineer working in the energy industry the theory, analysis, and practical applications for applying new materials and modeling to the design and effective use of flexible pipes. Recent changes in the codes for building pipelines has led to a boom in the production of new materials that can be used in flexible pipes. With the use of polymers, steel, and other new materials and variations on existing materials, the construction and, therefore, the installation and operation of flexible pipes is changing and being improved upon all over the world. The authors of this work have written numerous books and papers on these subjects and are some of the most influential authors on flexible pipes in the world, contributing much of the literature on this subject to the industry. This new volume is a presentation of some of the most cutting-edge technological advances in technical publishing. This is the most comprehensive and in-depth book on this subject, covering not just the various materials and their aspects that make them different, but every process that goes into their installation, operation, and design. The thirty-six chapters, divided up into four different parts, have had not just the authors of this text but literally dozens of other engineers who are some of the world's leading scientists in this area contribute to the work. This is the future of pipelines, and it is an important breakthrough. A must-have for the veteran engineer and student alike, this volume is an important new advancement in the energy industry, a strong link in the chain of the world's energy production.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Preface

About the Authors

Part I Design and Analysis

1 Flexible Pipes and Limit-States Design

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Applications of Flexible Pipe

1.2.1 Metal-Based Flexible Pipes

1.2.2 Composite-Based Flexible Pipes

1.2.3 Design Codes and Specifications

1.3 Comparison between Flexible Pipes and Rigid Pipes

1.3.1 Unbonded Flexible Riser vs. Rigid Steel Riser

1.3.2 Flexible Jumper vs. Rigid Steel Jumper

1.3.3 Flexible Composite Pipe vs. Rigid Pipe

1.3.3.1 Material Costs

1.3.3.2 Installation Costs

1.3.3.3 Operational Costs

1.3.3.4 Comparison Example

1.4 Failure Mode and Design Criteria

1.4.1 Unbonded Flexible Pipe

1.4.1.1 Failure Modes

1.4.1.2 Design Criteria

1.4.2 Flexible Composite Pipe

1.4.2.1 Failure Modes

1.4.2.2 Design Criteria

1.5 Limit State Design

1.5.1 Limit States

1.5.2 Reliability-Based Methods

References

2 Materials and Aging

2.1 Introduction

2.1.1 Unbonded Flexible Pipes

2.1.2 Flexible Composite Pipes

2.2 Metallic Material

2.2.1 Stainless Steel

2.2.2 Carbon Steel

2.3 Polymer Material

2.3.1 Annulus

2.3.2 Chemical Resistance

2.3.3 Permeation and Permeation Control Systems

2.3.3.1 Theory of Gas Permeation

2.3.3.2 Permeation Calculation

2.3.4 Anti H2S Layer

2.4 Aging

2.4.1 Nonmetallic Material

2.4.2 Metallic Material

3 Ancillary Equipment and End Fitting Design

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Design Criteria

3.2 Bend Stiffeners and Bellmouths

3.2.1 Introduction

3.2.2 Design Criteria and Failure Modes

3.2.3 Design Considerations

3.2.4 Bellmouths

3.3 Bend Restrictor

3.4 Buoyancy Modules

3.5 Cathodic Protection

3.6 Annulus Venting System

3.7 End Fittings

3.7.1 Unbonded Flexible Pipes

3.7.1.1 Design Criteria.

3.7.1.2 Metallic Materials

3.7.1.3 End Fittings by Different Manufacturers

3.7.2 Flexible Composite Pipes

3.7.2.1 Design Criteria

3.7.2.2 Materials

3.7.2.3 End Fitting Types

3.7.2.4 Installation

4 Reliability-Based Design Factors

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Failure Probability

4.2.1 Limit State and Failure Mode

4.2.2 Failure Probability

4.3 Safety Factor Based on Reliability

4.3.1 Uncertainties of Resistance and Load Effect

4.3.2 LRFD Formulation

4.3.3 Design Process

4.4 Design Example

4.4.1 Limit State Function

4.4.1.1 Resistance Model for Inner Pressure Load

4.4.1.2 Limit State Function

4.4.2 Probability Model of Resistance

4.4.2.1 Probability Distribution of Resistance Parameters

4.4.2.2 Probability Model of Resistance

4.4.3 Probability Model of Load Effect

4.4.4 Target Reliability

4.4.5 Safety Factor Design Results

Part II Unbonded Flexible Pipes

5 Unbonded Flexible Pipe Design

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Applications of Flexible Pipe

5.2.1 Flexible Risers

5.2.2 Flexible Flowlines

5.2.3 Loading and Offloading Hoses

5.2.4 Jumper Lines

5.2.5 Drilling Risers

5.3 Flexible Pipe System and Components

5.3.1 Interlocked Steel Carcass

5.3.2 Internal Polymer Sheath

5.3.3 Armor Layers

5.3.3.1 Pressure Armor

5.3.3.2 Tensile Armor

5.3.3.3 Composite Armor

5.3.4 External Polymer Sheath

5.3.5 Other Layers and Configurations

5.3.6 Main Ancillaries

5.3.6.1 End Fittings

5.3.6.2 Bend Stiffener and Bellmouths

5.3.6.3 Bend Restrictor

5.3.6.4 Buoyancy Modules

5.3.6.5 Annulus Venting System

6 Design and Analyses of Unbonded Flexible Pipe

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Flexible Pipe Guidelines

6.2.1 API Specification 17K

6.2.2 API Specification 17J

6.2.2.1 Safety Against Collapse.

6.2.2.2 Design Criteria

6.2.3 API RP 17B

6.3 Material and Mechanical Properties

6.3.1 Properties of Sealing Components

6.3.1.1 Polymer

6.3.1.2 Steel

6.3.1.3 Fibres

6.3.2 Properties of Armor Components

6.3.2.1 Submerged Weight

6.3.2.2 Bending Stiffness and Curvature Radius

6.3.2.3 Axial Stiffness and Tension Capacity

6.3.2.4 Torque Stiffness and Torque Capacity

6.4 Analytical Solutions in Flexible Pipe Design

6.4.1 Overview

6.4.2 Analytical Modeling of Flexible Pipes

6.4.3 Analytical Method of Unbonded Flexible Pipes

6.4.4 Axis-Symmetric Behavior

6.4.4.1 Kinematic Restraint

6.4.4.2 Governing Equations

6.4.5 Bending Behavior

6.5 FE Analysis of Unbonded Flexible Pipe

6.5.1 Static Analysis

6.5.2 Fatigue Analysis

7 Unbonded Flexible Pipe Under Internal Pressure

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Analytical Solution

7.2.1 Polymeric Layer

7.2.2 Helically Wound Steel Layer

7.2.3 Assembly of Layers

7.3 FE Analysis

7.4 Results and Discussion

7.4.1 General

7.4.2 Axial Tension and End Displacement

7.4.3 Hoop Stress

7.4.4 Axial Stress

7.4.4.1 Axial Stress of Model A and Model B

7.4.4.2 Axial Stresses of Model C and Model D

7.4.5 Comparison of Mises Stress

7.5 Conclusions

8 Unbonded Flexible Pipe Under External Pressure

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Finite Element Analysis

8.2.1 Simplification

8.2.2 Modeling Description

8.2.3 Models with Different Stiffness Ratios

8.2.4 Models with Different D/t Ratios

8.3 FEM Results and Discussion

8.3.1 Prediction of Confined External Pressure

8.3.1.1 Same D/t Ratio with Different Stiffness Ratios

8.3.1.2 Different D/t Ratios with Different Stiffness Ratios

8.3.2 Confined Post-Buckling Behavior

8.4 Analytical Solution

8.5 Test Study

8.5.1 Material Characteristics.

8.5.2 Confined Collapse Tests

8.5.3 Test Results

8.6 Comparison of Three Methods

8.7 Conclusions

9 Unbonded Flexible Pipe Under Tension

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Tension Load

9.2.1 Helical Layer

9.2.2 Tube Layer

9.2.3 Principle of Virtual Work

9.3 Results and Discussion

9.4 Parametric Study

9.4.1 Lay Angle

9.4.2 Diameter-to-Thickness

9.5 Conclusions

10 Unbonded Flexible Pipe Under Bending

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Helical Layer within No-Slip Range

10.2.1 Geometry of Helical Layer

10.2.2 Bending Stiffness of Helical Layer

10.3 Helical Layer within Slip Range

10.3.1 Critical Curvature

10.3.2 Axial Force in Helical Wire within Slip Range

10.3.3 Axial Force in Helical Wire within No-Slip Range

10.3.4 Bending Stiffness of Helical Layer

11 Unbonded Flexible Pipe Under Tension and Internal Pressure

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Analytical Solution

11.3 FE Analysis

11.3.1 Case 1: Tension Only

11.3.2 Case 2: Internal Pressure Only

11.3.3 Case 3: Combined Tension and Internal Pressure

11.4 Results and Discussion

11.5 Conclusions

12 Cross-Sectional Design and Case Study for Unbonded Flexible Pipes

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Cross-Sectional Design

12.2.1 General Design Requirements

12.2.2 Manufacturing Configuration and Material Qualification

12.2.2.1 Carcass

12.2.2.2 Pressure Sheath

12.2.2.3 Pressure Armor

12.2.2.4 Tensile Armor

12.2.2.5 Tape

12.2.2.6 Shield

12.3 Case Study

12.3.1 Design Procedure

12.3.2 Design Requirement

12.3.3 Design Method

12.3.3.1 Strength Design for Axisymmetric Loads

12.3.3.2 Collapse Resistance Design

12.3.4 Design Results

12.3.5 Load Analysis

12.3.6 FE Analysis

12.4 Conclusions

13 Fatigue Analysis of Unbonded Flexible Pipe.

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Theoretical Approach

13.2.1 Assumptions

13.2.2 Environment Conditions

13.2.3 Transposition of Forces and Bending Moments

13.2.4 Fatigue Design Criteria

13.2.4.1 S-N Curves

13.2.4.2 Miner's rule

13.3 Case Study

13.3.1 Introduction

13.3.2 Base Case

13.4 Conclusions

Part III Steel Reinforced Flexible Pipes

14 Steel Reinforced Flexible Pipe Under Internal Pressure

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Applications

14.2.1 Offshore

14.2.2 Onshore

14.2.3 Rehabilitation

14.3 Design and Manufacturing

14.3.1 Design Codes

14.3.2 Manufacturing

14.3.2.1 Introduction

14.3.2.2 Inner and Outer Layers

14.3.2.3 Steel Strip Reinforcement Layers

14.3.2.4 End Fitting

14.4 Analytical Solution

14.4.1 Mechanical Properties

14.4.2 Assumptions

14.4.3 Stress Analysis

14.4.3.1 Layer Properties

14.4.3.2 Stress-Strain Relations of HDPE Layers

14.4.3.3 Stress-Strain Relations of Steel Strip Layers

14.4.4 Boundary Condition

14.4.4.1 Stress Boundary Condition

14.4.4.2 Interface Condition

14.4.4.3 Equilibrium Equation of Axial Force

14.4.4.4 Torsion Balance Equation

14.5 FE Analysis

14.6 Results and Discussion

14.6.1 Stress Analysis on Layer 2

14.6.2 Stress Analysis Between Layers

14.7 Conclusions

15 Steel Reinforced Flexible Pipe Under External Pressure

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Experimental Tests

15.2.1 Material Characteristics

15.2.2 Collapse Experiment

15.2.3 Experimental Results

15.3 FE Analysis

15.4 Simplified Estimation for Collapse Pressure

15.5 Parametric Study

15.6 Conclusions

16 Steel Reinforced Flexible Pipe Under Pure Tension

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Experimental Tests

16.2.1 Test Processes

16.2.2 Test Results and Discussions

16.3 FE Analysis.

16.3.1 Elements and Interactions.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119041276

1119041279

9781523114801

1523114800

9781119041283

1119041287

9781119041290

1119041295

OCLC:

983742098