Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry / William Ross McCluney.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

McCluney, Ross, author.

Series:

Artech House applied photonics series.

Artech House applied photonics series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radiation--Measurement.

Physical Description:

1 PDF (xix, 461 pages).

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Norwood, MA : Artech House, [2014]

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This second edition of an Artech House classic title describes in detail the relationship between radiometry and photometry. It covers information needed to solve problems in radiation transfer and detection, detectors, measuring instruments, and concepts in colorimetry. This revised second edition presents an updated treatment of modern radiometry and photometry, including brand new sections on applications and developments in light sources and scientific instruments for measuring radiation and light. Engineers are also provided with an exciting new chapter on the use of computerized optical ray tracing for "virtual" experiments on optical systems.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Introduction

End Notes

Acknowledgments

1 Fundamental Concepts of Radiometry

1.1 Electromagnetic Radiation

1.2 Terminology Conventions

1.3 Wavelength Notations and Solid Angle

1.4 Fundamental Definitions

1.5 Lambertian Radiators and Lambert's Cosine Law

1.6 Radiance, Irradiance, Intensity, and Flux Relationships

1.7 Connection with Electromagnetic Theory

1.8 Polarization

1.9 Photon Flux

1.10 Radiometric Information

2 Fundamental Concepts of Photometry

2.1 Light

2.2 Photometric Definitions

2.2.1 Radiation Luminous Efficacy, K and the V-lambda Function

2.2.2 Lighting System Luminous Efficacy,Ks

2.3 Luminance and Brightness

2.4 Luminance and Vision

2.5 Disability Glare

2.6 Discomfort Glare

2.7 Illumination

2.7.1 Illuminance Selection

3 Blackbodies and Other Sources

3.1 Blackbody Radiation

3.2 Planck's Law

3.3 Wien Displacement Law

3.4 Luminous Efficacy of Blackbody Radiation

3.5 Color and Distribution Temperatures

3.6 Emission Into an Imperfect Vacuum

3.7 Radiation Exchange

3.8 Experimental Approximation of a Blackbody

3.9 Other Real Sources

4 Source/Receiver Flux Transfer Calculations

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Geometry and Definitions

4.2.1 Case 1

4.2.2 Case 2

4.2.3 Case 3

4.2.4 Case 4

4.2.5 Case 5

4.2.6 Case 6

4.2.7 Case 7

4.3 Configuration Factor

4.4 Net Exchange of Radiation

4.5 Summary

5 The Invariance of Radiance and the Limits of Optical Concentration

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Radiance Is a Field Quantity

5.3 Pencils of Rays

5.4 Elementary Beam Of Radiation

5.5 Radiance Invariance

5.6 Radiance Invariance at an Interface

5.7 Radiance Through a Lens

5.8 Radiance in Absorbing and Scattering Media.

5.9 Concentrating Radiance Meter

5.10 The Limits of Optical Concentration

6 Optical Properties of Materials

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Terminology

6.3 Surface and Interface Optical Proper

6.3.1 Conductor Optical Properties

6.3.2 Nonconductor Optical Properties

6.3.3 Surface Emission Properties

6.3.4 Angular Dependence of Dielectric Optical Properties

6.3.5 Rough Surfaces

6.4 Bulk Medium Optical Properties

6.5 Properties of Plane Parallel Plates

6.5.1 Nonscattering Media

6.5.2 Scattering Media

6.6 Angular Dependence

6.7 Broadband Angle Properties

6.7.1 Transmittance and Reflectance Equations

6.7.2 Specular and Diffuse Optical Properties

6.8 Spectral Dependence

6.9 Broadband Spectral Properties

6.10 Spectral Selectivity

7 The Detection of Radiation

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Basic Concepts

7.3 Classification of Detectors

7.3.1 Thermal Detectors

7.3.2 Photemissive Detectors

7.3.3 Semiconductor Devices

7.3.4 Multielement Detectors, Charge Transfer Devices, and Imagers

7.4 Detector Noise

7.5 Signal Modulation and Radiation Chopping

7.6 Characterization of Detector Performance

7.6.1 Responsivity, R

7.6.2 Quantum Efficiency, η

7.6.3 Noise Equivalent Power, NEP

7.6.4 Detectivity, D

7.6.5 Photon Noise-Limited Performance

7.7 Flux Conditoning Prior to the Detector

7.7.1 Cosine Response Correction

7.7.2 Photopic Correction

7.7.3 Spectral Filtering

7.8 Signal Conditioning Affer the Detector

7.9 Detector Calibration

7.10 Example Detectors and Their Characteristics

8 Optical Systems

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Optical Axis

8.3 Idealized (Thin) Lens Theory

8.4 Radiance and Irradiance of Images

8.5 Vignetting

8.6 Aberrations

8.6.1 Spherical Aberration

8.6.2 Chromatic Aberration.

8.6.3 Distortion

8.6.4 Coma

8.6.5 Astigmatism

8.6.6 Field Curvature

8.6.7 Correctiug Aberrations

8.6.8 The Diffraction Limit

8.7 Image Quality

8.8 Flux Distribution

8.9 Nonimaging Optical Systems

8.10 Throughput

8.11 Integrating Spheres

8.11.1 Cosine Correction

8.11.2 Transmissometers and Reflectometers

8.12 Monochromators

8.12.1 Spectral Filters

8.12.2 Scanning Monochromators

8.13 Windows

8.14 Sources

8.15 Goniometers

8.16 Transmissometers/Reflectometers

8.17 Scattering Meters, Nephelometers, Turbidimeters, and Haze Meters

9 Radiometers and Photometers

9.1 Introduction

9.2 General Design Factors

9.3 Broadband Irradiance and Radiance Meters

9.4 Restricted Spectral Band Irradiance Meters for the Ultraviolet through the Infrared

9.5 Illuminance and Luminance Meters

9.6 Spectroradiometers

9.7 Calibration of Radiometers and Photometers

9.7.1 Transfer Standards

9.7.2 Broadband Irradiance Standard Sources

9.7.3 Standard Sources for Spectral Irradiance and Spectral Radiance

9.7.4 Absolute Radiometry

9.7.5 Standard Illuminance and Luminance Sources

9.7.6 Radiometer/Photometer Calibration Using Standar Sources

9.7.7 Spectroradiometer Calibration

9.7.8 National Standards Laboratories ann Instrument Organizations

10 Metric Primer and Additional Radiometric and Photometric Quantities and Units

10.1 Introduction

10.2 The SI System of Units

10.2.1 Basic Metric Principles

10.2.2 Metric Units for Radiometry and Photometry

10.3 The I-P System of Units

10.4 Photon Flux Units

10.5 Other Quantities and Units

11 Virtual Measurement: Computerized Optical Ray Trace Analysis

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Ray Tracing in Radiometry and Photometry

11.3 Rays and Their Limitations in Ray Tracing Programs.

11.4 Computerized Optical Ray Tracing Methodology

11.5 The Ray Tracing Process

11.6 Analysis of Results

12 Basic Concepts of Color Science

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Basic Concepts And Definitions

12.3 Systems of Color Specification

12.3.1 Munsell Color System

12.3.2 CIE 1976 (L*a*b*) Color Space

12.3.3 Tristimulus Colorimetry

12.4 CIE 1931 Color System

12.5 CIE 1964 Supplementary Observer Color System

12.6 CIE 1976 Uniform Color Space

12.7 Color Temperature

12.8 Standard Illuminants and Reflection Colorimetry

12.8.1 Blackbody Illuminants

12.8.2 Daylight IIIuminants

12.8.3 Reflection Colorimetry

12.9 Color Rendering Index

12.10 Color Software

Appendix A Correspondence Between Finite Elements and the Calculus

A.1 Introduction

A.2 Definition of the Derivative

A.3 Definition of the Integral

A.4 Integrals As Sums

A.5 Sums over Solid Angles

Appendix B Table of Physical and Mathematical Constants

About the Author

Index.

Notes:

Print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Includes index.

ISBN:

1-5231-1733-8

1-60807-834-5