Hybrid electric vehicle system modeling and control / Wei Liu.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Liu, Wei, 1960 August 30- author.

Series:

Automotive Series

Standardized Title:

Introduction to hybrid vehicle system modeling and control

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Hybrid electric vehicles--Simulation methods.

Hybrid electric vehicles.

Hybrid electric vehicles--Mathematical models.

Physical Description:

1 online resource.

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, England : Wiley, 2017.

Summary:

This new edition includes approximately 30% new materials covering the following information that has been added to this important work: * extends the contents on Li-ion batteries detailing the positive and negative electrodes and characteristics and other components including binder, electrolyte, separator and foils, and the structure of Li-ion battery cell. Nickel-cadmium batteries are deleted. * adds a new section presenting the modelling of multi-mode electrically variable transmission, which gradually became the main structure of the hybrid power-train during the last 5 years. * newly added chapter on noise and vibration of hybrid vehicles introduces the basics of vibration and noise issues associated with power-train, driveline and vehicle vibrations, and addresses control solutions to reduce the noise and vibration levels. Chapter 10 (chapter 9 of the first edition) is extended by presenting EPA and UN newly required test drive schedules and test procedures for hybrid electric mileage calculation for window sticker considerations. In addition to the above major changes in this second edition, adaptive charging sustaining point determination method is presented to have a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle with optimum performance.

Contents:

Intro

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Preface

List of Abbreviations

Nomenclature

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Classification of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.1.1 Micro Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.1.2 Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.1.3 Full Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.1.4 Electric Vehicles

1.1.5 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.2 General Architectures of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.2.1 Series Hybrid

1.2.2 Parallel Hybrid

1.2.3 Series-Parallel Hybrid

1.3 Typical Layouts of the Parallel Hybrid Electric Propulsion System

1.4 Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Components

1.5 Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Analysis

1.5.1 Power Flow of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.5.2 Fuel Economy Benefits of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

1.5.3 Typical Drive Cycles

1.5.4 Vehicle Drivability

1.5.5 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Fuel Economy and Emissions

1.6 Controls of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

References

Chapter 2 Basic Components of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2.1 The Prime Mover

2.1.1 Gasoline Engines

2.1.2 Diesel Engines

2.1.3 Fuel Cells

2.2 Electric Motor with a DC-DC Converter and a DC-AC Inverter

2.3 Energy Storage System

2.3.1 Energy Storage System Requirements for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2.3.2 Basic Types of Battery for Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Applications

2.3.3 Ultracapacitors for Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Applications

2.4 Transmission System in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Chapter 3 Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Modeling

3.1 Modeling of an Internal Combustion Engine

3.1.1 Cranking (Key Start)

3.1.2 Engine Off

3.1.3 Idle

3.1.4 Engine On

3.1.5 Engine Fuel Economy and Emissions

3.2 Modeling of an Electric Motor

3.2.1 Operation in the Propulsion Mode

3.2.2 Operation in the Regenerative Mode.

3.2.3 Operation in Spinning Mode

3.3 Modeling of the Battery System

3.3.1 Modeling Electrical Behavior

3.3.2 SOC Calculation

3.3.3 Modeling Thermal Behavior

3.4 Modeling of the Transmission System

3.4.1 Modeling of the Clutch and Power Split Device

3.4.1.1 Clutch Control Signal=011

3.4.1.2 Clutch Control Signal=101

3.4.1.3 Clutch Control Signal=110

3.4.1.4 Clutch Control Signal=111

3.4.2 Modeling of the Torque Converter

3.4.3 Modeling of the Gearbox

3.4.4 Modeling of the Transmission Controller

3.5 Modeling of a Multi-mode Electrically Variable Transmission

3.5.1 Basics of One-mode ECVT

3.5.2 Basics of Two-mode ECVT

3.6 Lever Analogy as a Tool for ECVT Kinematic Analysis

3.6.1 Lever System Diagram Set-up

3.6.2 Lever Analogy Diagram for ECVT Kinematic Analysis

3.7 Modeling of the Vehicle Body

3.8 Modeling of the Final Drive and Wheel

3.8.1 Final Drive Model

3.8.2 Wheel Model

3.9 PID-based Driver Model

3.9.1 Principle of PID Control

3.9.2 Driver Model

Chapter 4 Power Electronics and Electric Motor Drives in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

4.1 Basic Power Electronic Devices

4.1.1 Diodes

4.1.2 Thyristors

4.1.3 Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs)

4.1.4 Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs)

4.1.5 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs)

4.2 DC-DC Converters

4.2.1 Basic Principle of a DC-DC Converter

4.2.2 Step-down (Buck) Converter

4.2.3 Step-up (Boost) Converter

4.2.4 Step-down/up (Buck-boost) Converter

4.2.5 DC-DC Converters Applied in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Systems

4.3 DC-AC Inverters

4.3.1 Basic Concepts of DC-AC Inverters

4.3.2 Single-phase DC-AC Inverters

4.3.3 Three-phase DC-AC Inverters

4.4 Electric Motor Drives

4.4.1 BLDC Motor and Control

4.4.2 AC Induction Motor and Control.

4.5 Plug-in Battery Charger Design

4.5.1 Basic Configuration of a PHEV/BEV Battery Charger

4.5.2 Power Factor and Correcting Techniques

4.5.3 Controls of a Plug-in Charger

Chapter 5 Energy Storage System Modeling and Control

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Methods of Determining the State of Charge

5.2.1 Current-based SOC Determination Method

5.2.2 Voltage-based SOC Determination Method

5.2.3 Extended Kalman-filter-based SOC Determination Method

5.2.4 SOC Determination Method Based on Transient Response Characteristics (TRCs)

5.2.5 Fuzzy-logic-based SOC Determination Method

5.2.6 Combination of SOCs Estimated Through Different Approaches

5.2.7 Further Discussion on SOC Calculations in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications

5.3 Estimation of Battery Power Availability

5.3.1 PNGV HPPC Power Availability Estimation Method

5.3.2 Revised PNGV HPPC Power Availability Estimation Method

5.3.3 Power Availability Estimation Based on the Electrical Circuit Equivalent Model

5.4 Battery Life Prediction

5.4.1 Aging Behavior and Mechanism

5.4.2 Definition of the State of Life

5.4.3 SOL Determination under Storage Conditions

5.4.4 SOL Determination under Cycling Conditions

5.4.5 Lithium Metal Plating Issue and Symptoms in Li-ion Batteries

5.5 Cell Balancing

5.5.1 SOC Balancing

5.5.2 Hardware Implementation of Balancing

5.5.3 Cell-balancing Control Algorithms and Evaluation

5.6 Estimation of Cell Core Temperature

5.6.1 Introduction

5.6.2 Core Temperature Estimation of an Air-cooled, Cylinder-type HEV Battery

5.7 Battery System Efficiency

Chapter 6 Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Rule-based Energy Management Strategy

6.3 Fuzzy-logic-based Energy Management Strategy

6.3.1 Fuzzy Logic Control.

6.3.2 Fuzzy-logic-based HEV Energy Management Strategy

6.4 Determination of the Optimal ICE Operational Points of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

6.4.1 Mathematical Description of the Problem

6.4.2 Procedures of Optimal Operational Point Determination

6.4.3 Golden Section Searching Method

6.4.4 Finding the Optimal Operational Points

6.4.5 Example of the Optimal Determination

6.4.6 Performance Evaluation

6.5 Cost-function-based Optimal Energy Management Strategy

6.5.1 Mathematical Description of Cost-function-based Optimal Energy Management

6.5.2 An Example of Optimization Implementation

6.6 Optimal Energy Management Strategy Incorporated with Cycle Pattern Recognition

6.6.1 Driving Cycle/Style Pattern Recognition Algorithm

6.6.2 Determination of the Optimal Energy Distribution

Chapter 7 Other Hybrid Electric Vehicle Control Problems

7.1 Basics of Internal Combustion Engine Control

7.1.1 SI Engine Control

7.1.2 Diesel Engine Control

7.2 Engine Torque Fluctuation Dumping Control Through the Electric Motor

7.2.1 Sliding Mode Control

7.2.2 Engine Torque Fluctuation Dumping Control Based on the Sliding Mode Control Method

7.3 High-voltage Bus Spike Control

7.3.1 Bang-Bang Control Strategy of Overvoltage Protection

7.3.2 PID-based ON/OFF Control Strategy for Overvoltage Protection

7.3.3 Fuzzy-logic-based ON/OFF Control Strategy for Overvoltage Protection

7.4 Thermal Control of an HEV Battery System

7.4.1 Combined PID Feedback with Feedforward Battery Thermal System Control Strategy

7.4.2 Optimal Battery Thermal Control Strategy

7.5 HEV/EV Traction Motor Control

7.5.1 Traction Torque Control

7.5.2 Anti-rollback Control

7.6 Active Suspension Control in HEV/EV Systems

7.6.1 Suspension System Model of a Quarter Car

7.6.2 Active Suspension System Control.

7.7 Adaptive Charge-sustaining Setpoint and Adaptive Recharge SOC Determination for PHEVs

7.7.1 Scenarios of Battery Capacity Decay and Discharge Power Capability Degradation

7.7.2 Adaptive Recharge SOC Termination Setpoint Control Strategy

7.8 Online Tuning Strategy of the SOC Lower Bound in CS Operational Mode

7.8.1 PHEV Charge-sustaining Operational Characteristics

7.8.2 PHEV Battery CS-operation SOC Lower Bound Online Tuning

7.9 PHEV Battery CS-operation Nominal SOC Setpoint Online Tuning

7.9.1 PHEV CS-operation Nominal SOC Setpoint Determination at BOL

7.9.2 Online Tuning Strategy of PHEV CS-operation Nominal SOC Setpoint

Chapter 8 Plug-in Charging Characteristics, Algorithm, and Impact on the Power Distribution System

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle Battery System and Charging Characteristics

8.2.1 AC-120 Plug-in Charging Characteristics

8.2.2 AC-240 Plug-in Charging Characteristics

8.2.3 DC Fast-charging Characteristics

8.3 Battery Life and Safety Impacts of Plug-in Charging Current and Temperature

8.4 Plug-in Charging Control

8.4.1 AC Plug-in Charge Control

8.4.2 DC Fast-charging Control

8.5 Impacts of Plug-in Charging on the Electricity Network

8.5.1 Impact on the Distribution System

8.5.2 Impact on the Electric Grid

8.6 Optimal Plug-in Charging Strategy

8.6.1 The Optimal Plug-in Charge Back Point Determination

8.6.2 Cost-based Optimal Plug-in Charging Strategy

Chapter 9 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Vibration, Noise, and Control

9.1 Basics of Noise and Vibration

9.1.1 Sound Spectra and Velocity

9.1.2 Basic Quantities Related to Sound

9.1.3 Frequency Analysis Bandwidths

9.1.4 Basics of Vibration

9.1.5 Basics of Noise and Vibration Control.

9.2 General Description of Noise, Vibration, and Control in Hybrid Electric Vehicles.

Notes:

Revised edition of: Introduction to hybrid vehicle system modeling and control.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781119278948

1119278945

9781523115020

1523115025

9781119279334

111927933X

9781119278924

1119278929

OCLC:

961098587