X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and related techniques : an introduction / Eva Marguí, René van Grieken.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Marguí, Eva, author.

Grieken, R. van (René), author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

X-ray spectroscopy.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (162 p.)

Place of Publication:

New York, New York : Momentum Press, [2013]

Language Note:

English

Summary:

X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) is a well-established analytical technique for qualitative and quantitative elemental analysis of a wide variety of routine quality control and research samples. Among its many desirable features, it delivers true multi-element character analysis, acceptable speed and economy, easy of automation, and the capacity to analyze solid samples. This remarkable contribution to this field provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of basic principles, recent developments, instrumentation, sample preparation procedures, and applications of XRF analysis. If you are a professional in materials science, analytic chemistry, or physics, you will benefit from not only the review of basics, but also the newly developed technologies with XRF.

Contents:

Preface

Series preface

Series editor

About the authors

1. Introduction

1.1 Basic principles of x-ray fluorescence

1.2 Interactions of x-rays with matter

1.3 X-ray safety and protection

2. Basic components of x-ray fluorescence spectrometers

2.1 General introduction

2.2 Excitation sources

2.2.1 X-ray tubes

2.2.2 Radioisotopes

2.2.3 Other sources

2.3 Sample chamber

2.4 Detection system

2.4.1 Types of detectors

2.4.1.1 Gas-filled detectors

2.4.1.2 Scintillation detectors

2.4.1.3 Solid-state detectors

2.4.2 Resolution and efficiency

2.4.2.1 Resolution

2.4.2.2 Efficiency

2.4.3 Comparison of detection systems

2.4.4 Detector artifacts

2.4.4.1 Escape peaks

2.4.4.2 Sum peaks (pile-up effect)

2.4.5 Signal processing system

2.5 Source and detector modifiers

2.5.1 Filters

2.5.1.1 Primary filters

2.5.1.2 Detector filters

2.5.2 Secondary targets

2.5.3 Focusing optics

2.5.4 Dispersing systems

2.5.5 Collimators

2.5.6 Masks

2.6 Instrument configurations

3. Qualitative and quantitative x-ray fluorescence analysis

3.1 Evaluation of x-ray fluorescence spectra

3.2 Qualitative XRF analysis

3.3 Quantitative XRF analysis

3.3.1 Chemical matrix effects

3.3.1.1 Absorption effects

3.3.1.2 Enhancement effects

3.3.2 Correction and compensation methods

3.3.2.1 Compensation methods

3.3.2.2 Matrix correction methods

3.3.2.3 Overview of correction and compensation methods

3.3.3 Quality of XRF analytical results

3.3.3.1 Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ)

3.3.3.2 Working range and linearity

3.3.3.3 Precision and accuracy

3.3.3.4 Quality control of the results

4. Sample preparation procedures

4.1 Introduction

4.2 General sample preparation procedures

4.2.1 Solid samples

4.2.1.1 Direct XRF analysis

4.2.1.2 Powdered specimen

4.2.1.3 Fused specimen

4.2.1.4 Digested specimen

4.2.2 Liquid samples

4.2.2.1 Preconcentration methods

4.3 Specific sample preparation procedures

5. Wavelength/energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WDXRF/EDXRF)

5.1 Introduction and basic principles

5.2 WDXRF and EDXRF layouts

5.2.1 WDXRF instrumentation

5.2.2 EDXRF instrumentation

5.3 Comparison of WDXRF and EDXRF systems

5.4 Applications of WDXRF and case studies

5.4.1 Determination of metal residues in active pharmaceutical ingredients

5.4.2 Determination of heavy metal content in automotive

shredder residues (ASR)

5.4.3 Metal determination in polluted soils and waters

5.5 Applications of EDXRF and case studies

5.5.1 Determination of heavy metals at trace levels in vegetation samples

5.5.2 Determination of Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Cd in aqueous samples

5.5.3 Chemical characterization of aerosol samples

6. Total Reflection X-Ray Spectrometry (TXRF)

6.1 Introduction and basic principles

6.2 TXRF layout

6.3 Analytical capabilities of TXRF systems

6.3.1 Chemical analysis

6.3.1.1 Sample carriers

6.3.1.2 Sample treatment procedures for chemical analysis by TXRF

6.3.1.3 Quantification

6.3.2 Surface analysis

6.4 Other applications of TXRF and case studies

6.4.1 Multielement determination in waste water effluents

6.4.2 Determination of trace amounts of Se in soil samples

6.4.3 Analysis of Si wafer surfaces

7. Special XRF configurations and related techniques

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Microbeam X-ray fluorescence spectrometry ([mu]-XRF)

7.3 Synchrotron radiation-induced X-ray emission (SRXRF or SRIXE)

7.4 Particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE)

7.5 Electron-induced X-ray emission

7.5.1 Scanning electron microscope (SEM)

7.5.2 Electron microprobe analysis (EMPA)

8. Overview of XRF and related techniques

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Comparative performance of XRF systems

8.3 Role of XRF spectrometry in analysis field

8.4 Future perspectives

Buyer's guide to manufacturers

Glossary of abbreviations and acronyms

References

Bibliography

Books and encyclopedia chapters

Journals

Index.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-283-99156-X

1-60650-393-6

OCLC:

827212971