Managing nonprofit organizations in a policy world / Shannon K. Vaughan, Shelly Arsneault.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Vaughan, Shannon K., author.

Arsneault, Michelle, author.

Series:

Sage knowledge.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nonprofit organizations--United States--Management.

Nonprofit organizations.

Nonprofit organizations--Government policy.

United States.

Management.

Nonprofit organizations--Government policy--United States.

Nonprofit organizations--Law and legislation--United States.

Nonprofit organizations--Law and legislation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (413 pages) : illustrations

Place of Publication:

Thousand Oaks, Calif. : CQ Press, 2017.

System Details:

text file

Summary:

If nonprofits influence policy, make policy, are affected by policy, and are subject to policy, then shouldn't every nonprofit manager fully understand the policy world in which they operate? In explicitly tying the policy realm to management skills, Vaughan and Arsneault's foundational book sheds new light on how nonprofit managers can better navigate policymaking and regulatory contexts to effectively lead their organizations. Vaughan and Arsneault provide a comprehensive overview of the nonprofit sector and the policy environment, with a focus on skills and strategies managers can use to advance the causes of their organizations. Abundant examples and rich case studies explore the complexity of the policy-nonprofit relationship and highlight both management challenges and successes. While coverage of the nuts-and-bolts is in here, what sets this ...

Contents:

Part I Fundamentals and Environment of the Voluntary Sector

1 What Is the Nonprofit Sector? 1

Nonprofits and Public Problems 2

What Is a Nonprofit? 4

Public Charities 5

Other 501(c) Nonprofits 7

Foundations 8

Classification of Nonprofits 12

Scope and Function of the Nonprofit Sector 13

Growth of the Nonprofit Sector 14

Economic Impact of Nonprofits 16

Philanthropy and Policy Solutions 17

Public Problems and the Policy Process 18

Stages of the Policy Process 20

Collaboration 21

Our Approach 22

Questions for Review 25

Assignment 25

Suggested Readings 25

Web Resources 26

2 Federalism and the Relationships between the Public, Nonprofit, and For-Profit Sectors 27

The U.S. Federal System and Its Relationship with Nonprofit Organizations 28

Nonprofit Federalism 31

The Three Sectors 32

Characteristics of the Three Sectors 33

Intersectorality and Welfare Policy 36

Faith-Based Organizations 37

Not-for-Profit Organizations as Government Contractors 38

Intersectoral Competition 39

Intersectoral Collaboration 41

Conclusion 48

Questions for Review 49

Assignment 50

Suggested Readings 50

Web Resources 50

3 Theories of the Nonprofit Sector and Policy Change 51

Theories of the Nonprofit Sector 52

Demand-Side Theories: Nonprofits Form to Respond to Unmet Needs 52

Supply-Side Approach: Personal Interests and Resources Drive the Development of Nonprofits 55

Demand and Supply: Instrumental vs. Expressive Rationales 56

Nonprofits and Public Policy: Functional and Legislative Theories of Federalism 61

Theories of Policy Change 62

Punctuated-Equilibrium Theory: Explaining Non-Incremental Policy Change 62

Multiple Streams Theory: Coupling Problems, Policies, and Politics for Change 66

Stages of the Process as Venues for Policy Change 67

Policy Change in the States 68

Conclusion 69

Questions for Review 70

Assignment 70

Suggested Readings 70

Web Resources 70

4 Regulating Not-for-Profit Organizations 71

Regulatory Policy Increasingly Affects Nonprofits 72

Nonprofits Subject to Federal Government Regulation 73

Rules and Regulations of the Internal Revenue Service 73

Lobbying: IRS and Supreme Court Action Regarding Nonprofits' Political Activity 78

Congressional Oversight and Legislation Directly Affect Nonprofit Action 79

State Regulation: Offices of the Secretary of State and Attorney General 85

Board Members and the Duty of Care 85

Donor-Imposed Restrictions on Gifts 85

Regulation of Charitable Solicitations by the States 89

Indirect Regulation: Courts and Contracts 89

Government Grants and Contract Compliance 90

Regulation through the Courts 90

Self-Regulation in the Voluntary Sector 91

Watchdog Groups as Sector Regulators 91

Using Accreditation to Enforce Standards and Best Practices 92

Conclusion 94

Questions for Review 95

Assignment 95

Suggested Readings 95

Web Resources 96

Part II Strategies of Not-For-Profit Organizations

5 The Role of Mission and Strategic Management 97

The Mission: Critical for Nonprofit Success 97

Organizational Values and the Role of Stakeholders 99

The Role of Leadership in Planning and Meeting Needs 100

Managing the Mission 102

The Nonprofit Mission and Change 103

The Importance of the Mission Statement 107

Organizational Vision 109

Strategic Planning and Management 111

Organizational Goals 112

Organizational Accounting 112

Systematic Planning 114

Measuring and Evaluating Outcomes 115

Learning from Evaluation 116

Conclusion

Questions for Review 118

Assignment 118

Suggested Readings 118

Web Resources 118

6 Lobbying and Advocacy: Politics, Policy, and Possibilities 119

Articulating the Nonprofit Voice within Governmental Constraints 120

Nonprofit Advocacy Can Shape the Policy Environment 122

The Importance of Advocacy in Pursuit of Mission 123

What Is "Lobbying?" 130

Myths about Nonprofits and Lobbying 131

Lobbying Allowable under the Law 131

Limits on Lobbying: The "Substantial Part Test" and 501(h) 134

Other Options: 501(c)(4) Affiliation and Professional Lobbyists 135

Public Policy Advocacy and Foundations 137

Shaping Policy, Strengthening Community 138

Conclusion 139

Questions for Review 140

Assignment 140

Suggested Readings 141

Web Resources 141

7 Ethics and Accountability 143

Developing Organizational Commitment to Ethics and Accountability 144

Defining Ethics 145

Transparency Combats Corruption, Inhibits Compromise, and Affects Policy 145

The Importance of Accountability 150

Fostering a Strong Ethical Culture 151

System of Accountability: Influences on Nonprofit Behavior 153

External Constraints on Nonprofits 153

Internal Measures Exercised by Nonprofits 158

Conclusion 160

Questions for Review 161

Assignment 162

Suggested Readings 162

Web Resources 162

8 Marketing the Nonprofit Organization 163

Marketing Basics 164

General Marketing Principles and Techniques 165

Marketing in a Nonprofit Environment 165

The Importance of a Marketing Plan 166

Identifying the Nonprofit's Target Audience 167

Differentiating the Nonprofit through Positioning 174

Developing the Nonprofit's Brand Identity 175

Corporate Social Responsibility as a Source of Nonprofit Support 180

Nonprofit Fundraising Events and Corporate Sponsorship 180

Benefits and Risks of Product Endorsements and Licensing Agreements 181

Cause-Related Marketing 182

Conclusion 184

Questions for Review 185

Assignment 185

Suggested Readings 186

Web Resources 186

9 Resource Development: Capacity, Campaigns, and Commercial Ventures 187

Fiscal Health and Capacity 188

Nonprofit Sustainability 189

Resource Dependence and Revenue Diversification 191

Sources of Revenue and Their Relation to Mission 192

Earned Income as a Stable Source of Revenue 193

Commercial Ventures: Bake Sales to Thrift Shops 194

Social Enterprises: Market Principles for Social Aims 195

The Role of Corporate Giving and Sponsorship 197

Why Corporations Give 197

The Influence of Corporate Philanthropy 198

Individual Contributions and Fundraising 199

Using Electronic Media to Solicit Contributions 200

The Gift of Giving 201

Special Events Fundraising 202

Endowments Promote Long-Term Viability 203

Legal Restrictions on Endowments 204

The Policy Implications of Charitable Giving 206

Conclusion 210

Questions for Review 211

Assignment 211

Suggested Readings 211

Web Resources 212

10 Resource Development: Grants 213

The Role of Grants in the Nonprofit Sector 214

Types of Grants 214

Project or Program Grants 215

Operating Grants 216

Seed Money 217

Challenge/Matching Grants 218

Government Grants and Fee-for-Service Contracts 218

Distribution of Government Grants 221

Public Goods and Services via Government Contracts 223

Foundation Funding 225

Types of Foundations 226

Preparing a Grant Proposal 229

Getting Started 229

Budget and Project Narratives 229

Submitting the Proposal 231

Public Policy Consequences of Grants and Contracts 232

Government Funding of Policy Priorities 232

Foundation Funding to Influence Policy 234

Conclusion 236

Questions for Review 237

Assignment 237

Suggested Readings 238

Web Resources 238

Part III Management Issues

11 Administration and Management 239

Managing Nonprofit Organizations 239

Organizational Structures and Behavior 240

Systems Theory and the Impact of Internal and External Pressures 241

Differing Management Needs across Sectors 245

Good Management in the Nonprofit Sector 246

Nonprofit Effectiveness and Efficiency 249

Organizational Reforms and the Quest for Improvement 251

Capacity Building and Successful Nonprofits 252

Organizational Reform Efforts and Management Challenges Unique to Nonprofits 253

Financial Management and Budgeting 255

Financial Issues Unique to Nonprofit Organizations 256

Investment Strategies 257

Nonprofit Budgeting: Roles and Responsibilities 258

Nonprofit Budgeting: Types of Budgets and Financial Statements 262

Conclusion 265

Questions for Review 266

Assignment 266

Suggested Readings 266

Web Resources 267

12 Nonprofit Governance and Leadership 269

The Shared Responsibility of Nonprofit Governance and Leadership 270

Governance and Achieving the Mission of Nonprofit Organizations 271

Theories of Organizational Leadership 272

Boards and Executives as Leaders 273

The Relationship between Boards and Executives 274

Transfers in Executive Leadership 275

The Difference That Leadership Makes 279

Boards of Directors 281

Theories of Nonprofit Board Behavior 281

The Legal Environment of Nonprofit Boards 282

What We Know about Nonprofit Boards 285

Roles and Responsibilities of Board Members 286

Board Structure and Development 289

Best Practices for Boards 291

Conclusion 294

Questions for Review 295

Assignment 295

Suggested Readings 295

Web Resources 296

13 Managing Human Resources: Volunteers and Staff 297

Management of Nonprofit Human Resources 297

Strategic Human Resource Management 299

Recruitment and Assessment 301

Motivating Nonprofit Employees 302

Performance 304

The Growth of Professionalism in Nonprofit Organizations 307

Volunteers and the Coproduction of Work 308

Volunteer Management 309

Who Volunteers? 310

Volunteer Recruitment 311

Volunteer Retention 313

Personnel Conflict and Dispute Resolution 316

Employment Law and Nonprofit Organizations 318

Conclusion 323

Questions for Review 323

Assignment 324

Suggested Readings 324

Web Resources 324

14 Evaluating Success 325

Nonprofit Evaluation: Measuring Outcomes to Ensure Accountability 325

Why Do We Evaluate? 327.

Notes:

Part of the SAGE Knowledge collection.

Includes bibliographical references (pages 369-398) and index.

Description based on MARC record for print version.

Other Format:

Print version :

ISBN:

9781544308678

OCLC:

1027199542

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.