Advanced oxidation processes for water treatment : fundamentals and applications / edited by Mihaela I. Stefan.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Stefan, Mihaela I., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Water--Aeration.

Water.

Water--Purification--Oxidation.

Sewage--Purification--Oxidation.

Sewage.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (711 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London, [England] : IWA Publishing, 2018.

Summary:

Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) rely on the efficient generation of reactive radical species and are increasingly attractive options for water remediation from a wide variety of organic micropollutants of human health and/or environmental concern.Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment covers the key advanced oxidation processes.

Contents:

Cover

Copyright

Dedication

Contents

About the Editor

List of Contributors

Preface

Chapter 1: A few words about Water

1.1 References

Chapter 2: UV/Hydrogen peroxide process

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Electromagnetic Radiation, Photochemistry Laws and Photochemical Parameters

2.2.1 Electromagnetic radiation

2.2.2 Photochemistry laws

2.2.3 Photochemical parameters

2.2.3.1 Molar absorption coefficients

2.2.3.2 Quantum yield

2.3 UV Radiation Sources

2.3.1 Blackbody radiation

2.3.2 Mercury vapor-based UV light sources for water treatment

2.3.2.1 Low-pressure (LP) Hg vapor arc lamps

2.3.2.2 Medium-pressure Hg vapor arc lamps

2.3.2.3 Quartz sleeves

2.3.3 Mercury-free UV lamps

2.3.3.1 Excilamps

2.3.3.2 Pulsed UV lamps

2.3.3.3 Light-emitting diode (LED) lamps

2.4 UV/H2O2 Process Fundamentals

2.4.1 Photolysis of hydrogen peroxide

2.4.2 Hydroxyl radical

2.4.2.1 Hydroxyl radical properties, detection and quantification in aqueous solutions

2.4.2.2 Reactions of hydroxyl radical

2.4.2.3 Reactions of C-centered radicals, oxyl- and peroxyl radicals

2.4.3 Rate constants of OH reactions with organic and inorganic compounds

2.4.3.1 Brief review on kOH literature data

2.4.3.2 Temperature-dependence of OH reactions

2.4.3.3 Experimental and theoretical methods for kOH determination

2.5 Kinetic Modeling of UV/H2O2 Process

2.5.1 Pseudo-steady-state approximation and dynamic kinetic models

2.5.1.1 Modeling the UV/H2O2 process with the ROH,UV parameter

2.5.1.2 Experimental determination of OH water matrix background demand

2.5.2 Computational fluid dynamics models for the UV/H2O2 process

2.6 Water Quality Impact on UV/H2O2 Process Performance

2.6.1 pH

2.6.2 Temperature

2.6.3 Water matrix composition

2.6.3.1 Inorganic compounds.

2.6.3.2 Dissolved organic Matter (DOM)

2.7 Performance Metrics for UV Light-Based AOPs

2.7.1 Electrical energy per order

2.7.2 UV Fluence (UV dose)

2.8 UV/H2O2 AOP Equipment Design and Implementation

2.8.1 UV Reactor design concepts

2.8.2 Sizing full-scale UV equipment from bench- and pilot-scale

2.8.3 Incorporating the UV light-based processes into water treatment trains

2.9 UV/H2O2 AOP for Micropollutant Treatment in Water

2.9.1 Laboratory-scale research studies

2.9.1.1 N-Nitrosamines

2.9.1.2 Pesticides

2.9.1.3 Cyanotoxins

2.9.1.4 Taste-and-odor (T&amp

O) causing compounds

2.9.1.5 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)

2.9.1.6 Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs)

2.9.1.7 Pharmaceuticals

2.9.1.8 Miscellaneous micropollutants

2.9.2 Pilot-scale tests

2.9.3 Full-scale UV/H2O2 AOP installations

2.9.4 Process economics, sustainability and life-cycle assessment

2.10 Byproduct Formation and Mitigation Strategies

2.11 Future Research Needs

2.12 Acknowledgments

2.13 References

Chapter 3: Application of ozone in water and wastewater treatment

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Properties of Ozone

3.3 Decomposition of Ozone in Water

3.4 Ozonation for Contaminant Removal

3.4.1 Overview

3.4.2 Direct reactions with ozone

3.4.3 Impact of water quality on process performance

3.4.4 Summary

3.5 Formation of Byproducts

3.6 Microbiological Applications

3.6.1 Disinfection in drinking water and wastewater applications

3.6.2 Microbial surrogates and indicators

3.6.3 Ozone dosing frameworks for disinfection

3.6.4 Vegetative bacteria

3.6.5 Viruses

3.6.6 Spore-forming microbes

3.7 Implementation at Full Scale Facilities

3.7.1 Ozone systems

3.7.2 Ozone contactor

3.7.3 Mass transfer efficiency

3.7.4 Cost estimates

3.7.5 Process control.

3.8 Case Studies and Regulatory Drivers

3.8.1 Drinking water applications

3.8.2 Wastewater and potable reuse applications

3.9 References

Chapter 4: Ozone/H2O2 and ozone/UV processes

4.1 Introduction

4.2 O3/H2O2 (Peroxone) Process Fundamentals

4.2.1 Mechanism of hydroxyl radical generation

4.2.2 O3 and OH exposures: the Rct concept

4.2.3 Reaction kinetics and modeling

4.2.4 Water quality impact on process performance: O3 and H2O2 dose selection criteria

4.3 O3/H2O2 AOP for Micropollutant Removal

4.3.1 Bench-scale research studies

4.3.2 Pilot-scale studies

4.3.3 Full-scale applications

4.3.4 Process economics and limitations

4.4 O3/UV Process

4.4.1 Process fundamentals

4.4.2 Research studies and applications

4.5 Byproduct Formation and Mitigation Strategies

4.5.1 O3/H2O2 process

4.5.2 O3/UV process

4.6 Disinfection

4.7 References

Chapter 5: Vacuum UV radiation-driven processes

5.1 Fundamental Principles of Vacuum UV Processes

5.1.1 VUV radiation sources for water treatment

5.1.2 VUV irradiation of water

5.1.2.1 VUV photolysis of pure water

5.1.2.2 Heterogeneity of the VUV-irradiated aqueous solutions

5.2 Kinetics and Reaction Modeling

5.2.1 Reactions and role of primary and secondary formed reactive species

5.2.2 Kinetics and mechanistic modeling of VUV AOP

5.3 Vacuum UV Radiation for Water Remediation

5.3.1 VUV for removal of specific compounds

5.3.1.1 Aliphatic and chlorinated volatile organic compounds

5.3.1.2 Perfluorinated organic compounds

5.3.1.3 Aromatic compounds

5.3.1.4 Pesticides

5.3.1.5 Pharmaceuticals

5.3.1.6 Other water contaminants

5.3.2 VUV in combination with other treatment technologies

5.3.2.1 VUV and VUV/UV in combination with H2O2

5.3.2.2 VUV and VUV/UV in combination with photocatalysis.

5.3.2.3 VUV and VUV/UV in combination with ozone

5.4 Water Quality Impact on Vacuum UV Process Performance and By-product Formation

5.4.1 The effect of inorganic ions

5.4.2 The effect of dissolved natural organic matter (NOM)

5.4.3 Effect of pH

5.4.4 By-product formation during the VUV process and their removal through biological activated carbon filtration

5.4.4.1 Chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs)

5.4.4.2 Aldehydes, nitrite and H2O2

5.4.4.3 Bromate

5.5 Water Disinfection

5.6 Reactor/Equipment Design and Economic Considerations

5.6.1 Actinometry for VUV photon flow measurements

5.6.2 Reactor design

5.6.3 Economics considerations

5.7 Applications of Vacuum UV Light Sources

5.7.1 Applications in instrumental chemical analysis

5.7.2 Ultrapure water production

5.8 Vacuum UV AOP - General Conclusions

5.9 Acknowledgements

5.10 References

Chapter 6: Gamma-ray and electron beam-based AOPs

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Radiolysis as a Universal Tool to Investigate Radical Reactions and as a Process for Large Scale Industrial Technology

6.2.1 Techniques in radiation chemistry for establishing reaction mechanisms

6.2.2 Sources of ionizing radiation in water treatment

6.2.3 G-value, dosimetric quantities, penetration depth

6.3 Water Radiolysis

6.3.1 Process fundamentals, yields and reactions of reactive intermediates

6.3.1.1 Hydroxyl radical

6.3.1.2 Hydrated electron

6.3.1.3 Hydrogen atom

6.3.2 Reactions of primary species with common inorganic ions

6.3.2.1 Reactions of carbonate radical anion

6.3.2.2 Reactions of dichloride radical anion

6.3.2.3 Reactions of sulfate radical anion

6.3.2.4 Reactions in the presence of ozone

6.3.3 Kinetics and modeling of ionizing radiation-induced processes

6.3.4 Toxicity of ionizing radiation-treated water.

6.4 Research Studies on Water Radiolysis-Mediated Degradation of Organic Pollutants

6.4.1 Aromatic compounds

6.4.2 Endocrine disrupting compounds

6.4.2.1 Alkylphenols

6.4.2.2 Bisphenols

6.4.2.3 Phthalates

6.4.3 Pesticides

6.4.3.1 Chlorophenoxy pesticides

6.4.3.2 Triazine pesticides

6.4.3.3 Phenylurea herbicides

6.4.4 Pharmaceutical compounds

6.4.4.1 Antibiotics

6.4.4.1.1 Chloramphenicol

6.4.4.1.2 Sulfonamides

6.4.4.1.3 β-Lactam antibiotics

6.4.4.2 Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

6.4.4.2.1 Aspirin

6.4.4.2.2 Paracetamol

6.4.4.2.3 Diclofenac

6.4.4.2.4 Ketoprofen and ibuprofen

6.4.5 Organic dyes

6.4.5.1 Azo dyes

6.4.5.2 Anthraquinone dyes

6.4.6 Naphthalene sulfonic acid derivatives

6.5 Ionizing Radiation for Water Treatment: Pilot- and Industrial Scale Applications

6.5.1 General considerations

6.5.2 Ionizing radiation reactors for water treatment

6.5.3 Ionizing radiation for water treatment: pilot studies

6.5.3.1 The Miami (USA) electron beam research facility (EBRF)

6.5.3.2 Removal of organic and petrochemical pollutants in Brazil

6.5.3.3 Austrian drinking water treatment plant using e-beam combined with ozone

6.5.3.4 Irradiation of wastewater aerosols in Russia

6.5.3.5 Pilot plant installation in China to remove HCN dissolved in water

6.5.4 Industrial scale installations using radiation-based AOP

6.5.4.1 Voronezh (Russia) electron beam-biological filtration wastewater facility

6.5.4.2 Daegu (Republic of Korea) electron beam - biological filtration wastewater facility

6.5.5 Economics

6.6 Conclusions

6.7 Acknowledgement

6.8 References

Chapter 7: Fenton, photo-Fenton and Fenton-like processes

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Types of Fenton Processes

7.2.1 Fenton processes

7.2.1.1 Homogeneous Fenton processes.

7.2.1.2 Heterogeneous Fenton processes.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed October 20, 2017).

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-78040-719-X

OCLC:

1004841938