Pediatric epilepsy surgery / Alexis Arzimanoglou [and six others].

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Arzimanoglou, Alexis, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Epilepsy in children--Surgery.

Epilepsy in children.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (544 pages) : illustrations, tables

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Surrey, England : John Libbey Eurotext, 2016.

Summary:

The "White Guide" of pediatric epilepsy surgery pre-surgical evaluation in children, semiology of epileptic seizures, etiology, surgical techniques, palliative surgery and following surgery.

Contents:

Pediatric Epilepsy Surgery

Epilepsy surgery in children: Time is critical

Section I. PRESURGICAL EVALUATION IN CHILDREN

CHAPTER 1. The role and limits of seizure semiology

What can be determined from semiologyin children?

Age dependence of semiology

CHAPTER 2. The role and limits of surface EEG and source imaging

Surface EEG

General principles

Developmental substrates - Maturational issues

The epileptic generator

Technical issues

Practical "dos and don'ts" - Tips to avoid pitfalls

Source imaging

Background

Basic principles of source imaging

Localization of the epileptogenic zone in conjunction with other non-invasive neurophysiological and imaging modalities

Contribution to the decision making relevant to the indication for invasive monitoring

ESI/MSI: pros and cons

EEG-triggered fMRI

CHAPTER 3. The role and limits of structural and functional neuroimaging

Structural imaging in presurgical evaluation

Functional imaging to identify the epileptogenic zone

Mapping eloquent cortex

CHAPTER 4. The role and limitations of cognitive evaluation

Purposes of the presurgical neuropsychological evaluation

Domains included in the neuropsychological evaluation and guidelines for determining assessment tools within those domains

School-age children

Considerations for young (preschool) and children with intellectual disability

Intracarotid anaesthetic procedures in children

Language testing

Memory

Challenges for and limitations of the presurgical neuropsychological evaluation in children

Future directions

CHAPTER 5. The role and limits of behavioral and psychiatric evaluation

Overlap of epilepsy and psychiatric conditions

Neurologic pathways to psychiatric illness

Common psychiatric comorbidities

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Anxiety and depression

Comorbidity in drug-resistant epilepsy

Surgery in neurology and psychiatry

Role of neurobehavioral evaluation

Elements of neurobehavioral evaluation

Risk and benefit analysis

Limits of neurobehavioral evaluation

Research directions for the future

CHAPTER 6. Intracranial EEG recordings and electrical stimulation

General indications

iEEG methods: subdural/depth, SEEG, ECoG

Subdural electrodes and combination of subdural/depth electrodes

Stereo-electro-encephalography (SEEG)

Intra-operative electro-corticography (ECoG)

Defining the epileptogenic zone (EZ): spontaneous and provoked

Ictal onset zone

Irritative, continuous epileptiform discharges, and functional deficit zones

Defining critical cortex: intra-operative and extra-operative

Extra-operative electrical stimulation

Intra-operative electrical stimulation

CHAPTER 7. Why is the epilepsy case conference important?

CHAPTER 8. Socio-economic aspects and epilepsy surgery in children

What is required?

Developing ("resource poor") countries

Africa

South Asia

China

Middle East

Latin America

Developed ("resource equipped") countries

Specific paediatric issues

Types of surgeries?

Solutions

Section II. SEMIOLOGY IN CHILDREN

CHAPTER 9. The temporal lobe: Semiology

Ictal signs of temporal lobe seizures

Behavioral change

Ictal emotional signs

Ictal motor signs

Autonomic symptoms

Age dependency of different peri-ictal signs

Etiology and seizure semiology

Lateralizing signs in childhood temporal lobe seizures

Interobserver agreement on childhood seizure semiology

Further pitfalls of TLE seizure semiology

"Temporal-like" seizure semiology in extratemporal epilepsies

TLE caused by extratemporal lesions

CHAPTER 10. The frontal lobe: Semiology.

Frontal lobe functional anatomyrelevant to seizure semiology

Clinical patterns of frontal lobe ictal semiology

Tonic seizures

Versive seizures

Hypermotor seizures

Motor stereotypies

Autonomic seizures

Differential diagnosis and frontal lobe epilepsy syndromes

Do pediatric frontal lobe seizures and epilepsy differ from adults?

CHAPTER 11. The posterior cortex: Semiology

Semiology of seizures originating from the parietal lobe

Semiology of seizures originating from the occipital lobe

Particular findings in young children

Auras

Oculo-motor manifestations

Simple and complex motor behaviours

EEG features

CHAPTER 12. The insula: Semiology

Overview

Insular lobe semiology in children: is there any specificity?

Vegetative signs

Motor manifestations

Section III. ETIOLOGY AND EPILEPSY SURGERY

CHAPTER 13. Focal (isolated) cortical dysplasia Type I

Histological classification of FCD Type I - work in progress

Imaging in isolated FCD Type I

MRI in isolated FCD Type I

PET and SPECT in isolated FCD Type I

Seizures in FCD Type I

EEG in FCD Type I

Presurgical work-up and epilepsy surgery in FCD Type I

CHAPTER 14. Focal cortical dysplasia Type II

Histopathological and MR aspects of FCD type II

Histopathological aspects

Neuroradiological methodology and diagnosis

Clinical and neurophysiological aspects

Clinical data

EEG and video-EEG features

Invasive techniques and surgical outcome

Invasive monitoring: when and why

Surgery and outcome

CHAPTER 15. Other malformations of cortical development

Heterotopias

Subependymal (periventricular) nodular heterotopias

Subcortical nodular heterotopias

Subcortical band heterotopias

Polymicrogyria

CHAPTER 16. Tuberous sclerosis

Clinical presentation.

Surgical referral and pre-operative assessment

Intracranial EEG recordings

Surgical approaches

Outcome

CHAPTER 17. Hemimegalencepahly and diffuse hemispheric malformations of cortical development

Specific epilepsy surgery indications

Recommended presurgical evaluation

Clinical considerations

Interictal and ictal video EEG

Available results

Seizures

Contra-lateral hemiplegia and homonymous lateral hemianopia

Suggested follow-up

CHAPTER 18. Benign tumors (WHO grades I and II)

Neuro-pathological classification of brain tumors WHO grade I and II frequently associated with epilepsy (so-called LEATs)

MRI in patients with epilepsy in association with brain tumors

Incidences, prevalences, frequencies in pediatric brain tumors

Brain tumors and epileptogenicity

Medical therapy/AEDs in children with epilepsy in association with brain tumors

Surgery in children with seizures associated with benign tumors

Tumor-surgery vs. epilepsy surgery and lesionectomy vs. tailored resection

Radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with epilepsy and benign supratentorial brain tumors (WHO grade I and II)

Surgery in patients with epilepsy in association with brain tumors WHO grade II and higher

CHAPTER 19. Vascular causes and perinatal hypoxic-ischemic events

Prenatal and perinatal lesions

Arterial ischemic strokes and porencephalic cysts in children

Venous stroke and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis

Intracranial hemorrhage and hemorrhagic stroke in term infants

Watershed lesions and ulegyria due to hypoxic ischemic events

Vascular lesions in preterm children

Seizure types and epilepsy syndromes in pre/perinatal vascular lesions

Presurgical evaluation in pre/perinatal vascular lesions

Surgery in pre- and perinatal vascular lesions and lesions caused by hypoxic ischemic events.

Postoperative outcome

Epilepsy surgery in vascular lesions occurring in childhood

Cavernomas

Epidemiology

Seizures and epilepsy

Pathophysiology and neuroimaging

Surgical treatment and outcome

Hematological testing for neurosurgery

CHAPTER 20. Sturge-Weber syndrome

Clinical presentation

Diagnostic workup

Medical and surgical treatment

CHAPTER 21. Hypothalamic hamartoma

History

Genetics

Anatomical aspects

Pathology and pathophysiology

Clinical-EEG features and natural history

Gelastic and dacrystic seizures

Other seizure types

Cognition and behaviour

Psychiatric symptoms

HH and epilepsy: which part of the brain is seizing?

Intrinsic epileptogenesis

Secondary epileptogenesis

The running-down phenomenon

Presurgical evaluation

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging

Electroencephalography and video-EEG seizure monitoring

Neuropsychological or neurodevelopmental testing

Electrocorticography and invasive EEG monitoring

Treatment

Surgical treatment

Antiepileptic drugs

Vagus nerve stimulation

Ketogenic diet

Corpus callosotomy

Deep brain stimulation

CHAPTER 22. Cerebello-pontine hamartoma

Pathological and functional considerations

Surgical treatment and outcomes

Concluding remarks

CHAPTER 23. Epilepsies following cerebral infections

Epilepsy post-viral encephalitis

Epilepsy post-herpes simplex virus encephalitis

Epilepsy surgery in post-encephalitis epilepsy (PEE)

Epilepsies post-bacterial meningitis (EPBM)

Epilepsy surgery in epilepsies post-bacterial meningitis

Epilepsy in neurocysticercosis (NCC)

Epilepsy surgery for epilepsy due to NCC

Epilepsy surgery in rare post-infection epilepsy

CHAPTER 24. Rasmussen encephalitis

Historical perspective

Diagnosis.

General comments.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed November 14, 2017).

ISBN:

2-7420-1532-9

OCLC:

1007092199