Best practice guide on the management of metals in small water supplies / edited by Matthew Bower and Dr. Colin Hayes.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Bower, Matthew, editor.

Hayes, Colin, editor.

Series:

Best Practice Guides on Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Water quality management.

Water quality--Measurement.

Water quality.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (150 pages) : illustrations, photographs.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London, England : IWA Publishing, 2016.

Summary:

The management of small water supplies presents a unique challenge globally, in countries at all stages of development. A combination of lack of resources, limited understanding of the risks and poor expertise means that individuals and communities may face serious health risks from these supplies. This is not only due to microbiological contamination, but also from contamination by metals, either due to natural or man-made contamination of the source water or through leaching from plumbing materials due to inadequate conditioning and corrosion inhibition and use of inappropriate materials. This Best Practice Guide aims to share best practice and experience from around the world on a practical level. It looks at general issues relating to small supplies and ways of managing these, adopting a Water Safety Plan approach to deliver sound and lasting improvements to quality. Management techniques and treatment relating to specific metals will be covered, from a theoretical and practical perspective, to deliver a publication that will act as an authoritative guide for all those faced with the problem of ensuring the quality of a small water supply. Varied case-studies will help to illustrate issues and ways in which they have been resolved. Table of contents The Difficulties of Managing Water Quality in Small WaterSupplies; What are Small Supplies?; The Management and Regulation of SmallWater Supplies; The Vulnerability of Small Water Supplies to Contamination byMetals; Water Safety Plans for Small Water Supplies; Making WSPs Work for SmallSupplies; Teamwork- The Value of a WSP Team; APractical Guide to Developing a WSP for a Small Supply; Practical Guidance for Risk Assessments; Establishing the MetalsProblem: Risk Assessment, Sampling and Analysis; The Range of PossibleProblems; Metal Solubility and Influencing Factors; Risk Assessment of SmallWater Supply Systems; Sampling and Analysis; Consumer Awareness; Sources ofMetals in Small Water Supplies; Origin of Contaminants; Contamination ofSurface Waters; Contamination of Ground Water; Contamination from TreatmentProcesses; Contamination in Distribution Pipework; Contamination from PlumbingFittings; Water Treatment Processes Available for Use on Small Water Systems;Process Selection; Types of Treatment; Practical Considerations of Treatmentfor Metals in Small Water Supplies; Iron; Manganese; Conditioning of Water toPrevent Dissolution of Plumbing Materials or Post-treatment Contamination; Treatmentis Only Part of the Story; Indications and Effects of Post-treatment Metal Contamination in Small WaterSupplies; Establishing the Source of the Problem; Factors Controlling theCorrosion of Metals into Small Water Supplies; The Conditioning of Water toMinimise Corrosion; Manual of Individual Metals in Small Water Supplies, Aluminium, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Beryllium, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Iron, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Tin, Tungsten, Uranium, Vanadium, Zinc; Case Studies; Arsenic removal in Small Supplies in Italy; A New BoreholeSupply with Iron Removal for a Single Property in England, UK; Metals in SmallWater Supplies in Areas of Water Scarcity in African Regions; Unexplained LeadContamination of a Small Water Supply in Northern Scotland EDITORS Matt Bower, Drinking Water Quality Regulator for Scotland, UK Colin Hayes, Swansea University, UK

Contents:

Cover

Copyright

Contents

Authors

Acknowledgements

Abbreviations and Acronyms

About this Best Practice Guide

Foreword

Executive Summary

Chapter 1: The difficulties of managing water quality in small water supplies

1.1 What are Small Water Supplies?

1.1.1 Definitions

1.1.2 What does a small water supply look like?

1.2 The Management and Regulation of Small Water Supplies

1.3 The Vulnerability of Small Water Supplies to Contamination by Metals

References

Chapter 2: Water safety plans for small water supplies

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Making DWSPS Work for Small Water Supplies

2.3 Teamwork - The Value of a WSP Team

2.4 A Practical Guide to Developing a WSP for a Small Supply

2.4.1 Section 1 - Overview of the supply

2.4.2 Section 2 - Risk assessment and identification of controls for risk

2.4.3 Section 3 - Verification

2.4.4 Section 4 - Action plan

2.4.5 Section 5 - Review of the WSP

2.5 Practical Guidance for Risk Assessments

2.5.1 The catchment and the source

2.5.2 Water treatment

2.5.3 Networks and storage tanks

2.5.4 Domestic distribution systems

Chapter 3: Establishing the metals problem: Risk assessment, sampling and analysis

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The Range of Possible Problems

3.3 Metal Solubility and Influencing Factors

3.4 Risk Assessment of Small Water Supply Systems

3.5 Sampling and Analysis

3.6 Consumer Awareness

Chapter 4: Sources of metals in small water supplies

4.1 Origin of Contaminants

4.2 Contamination of Surface Waters

4.3 Contamination of Ground Water

4.4 Contamination from Treatment Processes

4.4.1 Ion exchange processes

4.4.2 Filter media

4.4.3 Oxidation

4.4.4 Coagulated treatment processes

4.4.5 Corrosion of metals within the treatment process.

4.4.6 Metal contamination from treatment chemicals

4.5 Contamination in Distribution Pipework

4.6 Contamination from Plumbing Fittings

Chapter 5: Water treatment processes available for use on small water supplies

5.1 Process Selection

5.1.1 System installation and maintenance

5.1.2 Point of use versus point of entry

5.2 Types of Treatment

5.2.1 Physical filtration

5.2.2 Chemical or adsorptive filters

5.2.3 Ion exchange

5.2.4 Reverse osmosis membrane

5.2.5 Distillation

5.2.6 Treatment options and specifications

Chapter 6: Practical considerations of treatment for iron and manganese in small water supplies

6.1 Iron

6.1.1 Principles of process design

6.1.2 Iron removal - treatment methods

6.2 Manganese

Reference

Chapter 7: Conditioning water to prevent dissolution of plumbing materials or post-treatment contamination

7.1 Treatment is Only Part of the Story

7.2 Indications and Effects of Post-Treatment Metal Contamination in Small Water Supplies

7.3 Establishing the Source of the Problem

7.3.1 Investigative sampling

7.3.2 Indices

7.4 Factors Controlling the Corrosion of Metals into Small Water Supplies

7.5 The Conditioning of Water to Minimise Corrosion

Further Reading

Chapter 8: Manual of individual metals - occurrence, implications and management

About this Chapter

Aluminium

Antimony

Arsenic

Barium

Beryllium

Boron

Cadmium

Chromium

Cobalt

Copper

Iron

Lead

Manganese

Mercury

Nickel

Selenium

Tin

Tungsten

Uranium

Vanadium

Zinc

Chapter 9: Case studies

9.1 Arsenic Removal in Small Water Supplies in Italy

9.1.1 Plant A: Adsorption with granular ferric hydroxide

9.1.2 Plant B: Resins functionalized with ferric hydroxide.

9.1.3 Plant C: Chemical precipitation and adsorption with granular ferric hydroxide

9.2 A New Borehole Supply with Iron Removal for a Single Property in England, UK

9.2.1 Background

9.2.2 Network requirements

9.2.3 Drilling the borehole

9.2.4 Time line

9.2.5 Analysis

9.2.6 Equipment data

9.2.7 System flow tests

9.2.8 Risk assessment

9.2.9 Review

9.3 Metals in Small Water Supplies in Areas of Water Scarcity in African Regions

9.4 Unexplained Lead Contamination of a Small Water Supply in Northern Scotland

9.4.1 Background

9.4.2 Identifying the source of the problem.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed November 17, 2016).

ISBN:

9781523111824

1523111828

OCLC:

960788526