The last Ottoman generation and the making of the modern Middle East / Michael Provence.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Provence, Michael, 1966- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Middle East--History--20th century.

Middle East.

History.

Turkey--History--20th century.

Turkey.

Genre:

History.

Physical Description:

xxiii, 292 pages ; 24 cm

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, United Kingdom ; New York, NY : Cambridge University Press, 2017.

Summary:

The modern Middle East emerged out of the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, when Britain and France partitioned the Ottoman Arab lands into several new colonial states. The following period was a charged and transformative time of unrest. Insurgent leaders, trained in Ottoman military tactics and with everything to lose from the fall of the Empire, challenged the mandatory powers in a number of armed revolts. This is a study of this crucial period in Middle Eastern history, tracing the period through popular political movements and the experience of colonial rule. In doing so, Provence emphasises the continuity between the late Ottoman and Colonial era, explaining how national identities emerged, and how the seeds were sown for many of the conflicts which have defined the Middle East in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. This is a valuable read for students of Middle Eastern history and politics.

Contents:

Introduction

Saladin's pilgrims and the war to end war

Modernity, militarism, and colonialism in the making of the Middle East

Ottoman modernity

Middle East colonialisms

Legacies

1) Ottoman modernity in the long nineteenth century : training state servants and making citizens

Modern education and a late Ottoman childhood

Modernizing the state

Conscription

State military education and elite civil education

Military culture and late Ottoman society

The military academy and staff college

Modern infrastructure

Ottoman sons become saviors of the nation

Civilian politicians and civil school graduates

Conclusions

2) The theory and practice of colonialism in the post-Ottoman Middle East

Wartime arrangements and proclamations

The Paris Peace Conference and post-war negotiations

The San Remo Conference and the Treaty of Sèvres

The League of Nations and Anglo-French colonialism in the Middle East

Mandate governance in practice

The mandate in Palestine

The mandate in Syria and Lebanon

The mandate in Iraq and Transjordan

3) Losing the war and fighting the settlement : the post-Ottoman Middle East takes shape, 1918-1922

The Battle of Nablus and the end of the Ottoman Empire

Allenby and Faysal in Damascus

Popular struggle after the armistice

The Anatolian model and hope for salvation, 1920

San Remo and the Nabi Musa demonstrations in Jerusalem

Iraq in revolt

Anatolia and Cilicia

Syria and Maysalun

Churchill salvages the settlement

Palestine May Day riots 1921

Ibrahim Hananu puts the settlement on trial

Events in Anatolia

Yasin paa returns to Iraq

The last sultan

4) League of Nations hopes and disappointments : the return of armed struggle in the post-Ottoman era, 1923-1927

The Lausanne Conference

The League of Nations picks up the pieces

The end of the caliphate

Military confrontation eclipsed

Civilian politicians in Damascus and Jerusalem

Shakib Arslan in exile

The rise of Yasin al-Hashimi and the Anglo-Iraqi treaty

Armed insurgency in the French mandates

France salvages its mandate

William Rappard, the League of Nations, and France

The end of the Syrian revolt

Damage control at Geneva

Aftermath of the Syrian revolt

Colonial anxieties and imperial rivalries

5) Colonial constitutions and treaties : post-Ottoman militarism, 1927-1936

Constitutions and colonial treaties : Iraq

Syrian and Lebanon

Transjordan

Palestine : 1928 and 1929

Nuri al-Sacid delivers : the Anglo-Iraqi treaty of 1930

Syrian elections and martial law

Independent Iraq

Iraqi independence and its discontents

Ibrahim Hananu and a false start for the Franco-Syrian treaty

Desperation in Palestine and the death of Musa Kazim

Yasin al-Hashimi retires and then returns

Fawzi al-Qawuqji in Baghdad

Ibrahim Hananu exits the scene

6) The final days of the last Ottoman generation, 1936-1938

General strikes in Syria and Palestine

The Palestine revolt

The Franco-Syrian treaty and Syrian "independence"

The fall of Yasin al-Hashimi

Yasin paa in exile among the Syrians

The death and funeral of Yasin al-Hashimi

7) Epilogue and conclusion

Saladin's companions and the beginning of the end for Anglo-French colonialism in the Middle East

The Alexandretta crisis

The Peel commission and the end of the Palestine mandate

General amnesty in Syria

The end of the League of Nations mandates

The mandate inheritance in the Arab East.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9780521761178

0521761174

9780521747516

0521747511

OCLC:

970606808