The central nervous system control of respiration / edited by Gert Holstege, Caroline M. Beers, Hari H. Subramanian.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Oxford Conference, Corporate Author.

Contributor:

Holstege, G. (Gert), editor.

Beers, Caroline M., editor.

Subramanian, Hari H., editor.

Series:

Progress in brain research ; Volume 209.

Progress in Brain Research ; Volume 209

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Respiration--Regulation.

Respiration.

Central nervous system.

Central Nervous System.

Medical Subjects:

Respiration.

Central Nervous System.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (441 p.)

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, 2014.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Respiration is one of the most basic motor activities crucial for survival of the individual. It is under total control of the central nervous system, which adjusts respiratory depth and frequency depending on the circumstances the individual finds itself. For this reason this volume not only reviews the basic control systems of respiration, located in the caudal brainstem, but also the higher brain regions, that change depth and frequency of respiration. Scientific knowledge of these systems is crucial for understanding the problems in the many patients suffering from respiratory failure.<

Contents:

Front Cover; The Central Nervous System Control of Respiration; Copyright; Contributors; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Rhythmic Bursting in the Pre-Bötzinger Complex: Mechanisms and Models; 1. Introduction; 2. Methods; 3. Results; 3.1. The Intrinsic Na+ and Ca2+-Dependent Mechanisms for Single-Neuron Bursting; 3.1.1. Bursting Mechanisms Involving Persistent (Slowly Inactivating) Sodium Current (INaP); 3.1.2. Bursting Involving Calcium (ICa) and Calcium-Activated Nonspecific Cation (ICAN) Currents; 3.2. Modeling a Heterogeneous Neural Population with Randomly Distributed gNaP, gCa, and gL

3.3. Behavior of the Fully Interconnected Network4. Discussion; 4.1. INaP-Dependent Bursting; 4.2. ICAN-Dependent Bursting; 4.3. State/Preparation Dependence of INaP- and ICAN-Dependent Bursting; 4.4. Burst-Terminating Mechanisms and ``Group Pacemaker ́ ́ Hypothesis; 4.5. Model Limitations and Modeling Predictions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 2: Effects of Glycinergic Inhibition Failure on Respiratory Rhythm and Pattern Generation; 1. Introduction; 2. Materials and Methods; 2.1. Modeling Methods; 2.2. Experimental Studies; 3. Results

3.1. Model Description and Operation in Control Conditions3.2. Simulating the Effects of Progressive Reduction of Glycinergic Inhibition in the Network; 3.3. Comparison of the Simulation Results with Experimental Data; 4. Discussion; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3: Morphological Characterization of Respiratory Neurons in the Pre-Bötzinger Complex; 1. Introduction; 2. Materials and Methods; 2.1. Animals; 2.2. Medullary Slice Preparation; 2.3. Electrophysiological Recordings; 2.4. Epifluorescence; 2.5. Histochemistry; 2.6. Statistics; 3. Results

3.1. Location and Cellular Morphology of Respiratory Neurons in the preBötC3.2. Axonal Projection Trajectories of Respiratory Neurons and Functionality of the Commissural Pathway Between preBötCs; 4. Discussion; 5. Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4: Cytoarchitecture and CO2 Sensitivity of Phox2b-Positive Parafacial Neurons in the Newborn Rat Medulla; 1. Introduction; 2. Distribution of pFRG/Pre-I Neurons and Phox2b-Expressing Cells; 3. CO2 Sensitivity of pFRG/Pre-I Neurons and Their Histological Characteristics; 4. Ionic Mechanisms of CO2 Sensitivity; 5. Conclusion

AcknowledgmentsReferences; Chapter 5: Contributions of the Pre-Bötzinger Complex and the Kölliker-Fuse Nuclei to Respiratory Rhythm and Pattern Gener ...; 1. Introduction; 2. Experimental Design and Methodology; 3. Results; 3.1. Study 1: Abrupt Destruction of the PreBötC; 3.2. Study 2: Incremental Destruction of the PreBötC; 3.3. Study 3: Effects of Lesions of the LPBN, MPBN, and KFN; 4. Major Conclusions Comparing Data of the Three Studies; Acknowledgment; References; Chapter 6: The Integrative Role of the Sigh in Psychology, Physiology, Pathology, and Neurobiology; 1. Introduction

2. Sighs May Signal Changes in Behavioral State

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed June 16, 2014).

ISBN:

9780444632760

044463276X