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Thermodynamics : foundations and applications
- Format:
- Book
- Author/Creator:
- Gyftopoulos, E. P., Author.
- Series:
- Dover Civil and Mechanical Engineering Series
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Thermodynamics--Textbooks.
- Thermodynamics.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (948 pages)
- Edition:
- 1st ed.
- Place of Publication:
- [Place of publication not identified] Dover Publications 2005
- Language Note:
- English
- Summary:
- Designed by two MIT professors, this authoritative text discusses basic concepts and applications in detail, emphasizing generality, definitions, and logical consistency. More than 300 solved problems cover realistic energy systems and processes.
- Contents:
- Intro
- Half Title
- Title
- Copyrights
- Dedication
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Contents
- 1 How to Study with This Book
- 1.1 Modeling Physical Phenomena
- 1.2 Accounting and Balances
- 1.3 Energy and Entropy Balances
- 1.4 Applications of Energy and Entropy Balances
- 1.5 Problem Solving
- 1.6 Four Courses of Study
- 2 Kinematics and Dynamics
- 2.1 Systems
- 2.2 Properties and States
- 2.3 Motions
- 2.3.1 Spontaneous Changes of State
- 2.3.2 Induced Changes of State
- Problems
- 3 Energy
- 3.1 Weight Process
- 3.2 First Law
- 3.3 Uniqueness of Values of Mg
- 3.4 Definition of Property Energy
- 3.5 Additive Properties
- 3.6 Additivity of Energy
- 3.7 Conservation of Energy
- 3.8 Energy Balance
- 3.9 Energy Transfer in a Weight Process
- 3.10 Impossibility of Perpetual-Motion Machines of the First Kind
- 3.11 Absolute Energy and Special Relativity
- 3.12 Mass Balance
- 3.13 Comment
- 4 Stability of Equilibrium
- 4.1 Types of States
- 4.1.1 Unsteady State
- 4.1.2 Steady State
- 4.1.3 Nonequilibrium State
- 4.1.4 Equilibrium State
- 4.1.5 Unstable Equilibrium State
- 4.1.6 Metastable Equilibrium State
- 4.1.7 Stable Equilibrium State
- 4.2 Reversible and Irreversible Processes
- 4.3 The Problem of Stability
- 4.4 Second Law
- 4.5 Impossibility of Perpetual-Motion Machines of the Second Kind
- 4.6 Historical Statements of the Second Law
- 4.7 Comment
- 5 Adiabatic Availability
- 5.1 A Class of Weight Processes
- 5.2 Definition of Property Adiabatic Availability
- 5.3 Features of Adiabatic Availability
- 5.3.1 Domain of Definition
- 5.3.2 Physical Meaning
- 5.3.3 Nonnegativity
- 5.3.4 Upper Bound
- 5.3.5 Changes in Reversible Weight Processes
- 5.3.6 Changes in Irreversible Weight Processes.
- 5.3.7 Criterion for Reversibility
- 5.3.8 Lack of Additivity
- 5.4 Proof of Relations (5.11) and (5.12)
- 5.5 Generalized Adiabatic Availability
- 5.6 Features of Generalized Adiabatic Availability
- 5.6.1 Physical Meaning
- 5.6.2 Positive and Negative Values
- 5.6.3 Changes in Reversible Weight Processes
- 5.6.4 Changes in Irreversible Weight Processes
- 5.6.5 Criterion for Reversibility
- 5.7 Adiabatic Availability of a Weight
- 5.8 Comment
- 6 Available Energy
- 6.1 Subsystems and Composite Systems
- 6.2 Mutual Stable Equilibrium
- 6.3 Reservoirs
- 6.4 Weight Processes of a System and a Reservoir
- 6.5 Definition of Property Available Energy
- 6.6 Features of Available Energy
- 6.6.1 Domain of Definition
- 6.6.2 Physical Meaning
- 6.6.3 Lower Bound
- 6.6.4 Changes in Reversible Weight Processes
- 6.6.5 Changes in Irreversible Weight Processes
- 6.6.6 Criterion for Reversibility
- 6.7 Additivity of Available Energy
- 6.8 Generalized Available Energy
- 6.9 Features of Generalized Available Energy
- 6.9.1 Physical Meaning
- 6.9.2 Positive and Negative Values
- 6.9.3 Changes in Reversible Weight Processes
- 6.9.4 Changes in Irreversible Weight Processes
- 6.9.5 Criterion for Reversibility
- 6.9.6 Additivity
- 7 Entropy
- 7.1 Definition of Property Entropy
- 7.2 Features of Entropy
- 7.2.1 Domain of Definition
- 7.2.2 Additivity
- 7.2.3 Changes in Reversible Weight Processes
- 7.2.4 Changes in Irreversible Weight Processes
- 7.2.5 Principle of Nondecrease of Entropy
- 7.3 Entropy Balance
- 7.4 Definition of Constant
- 7.5 Dimensions and Units of Entropy
- 8 Stable-Equilibrium-State Principle
- 8.1 State Principle
- 8.2 Criteria for Stable Equilibrium States
- 8.3 The Fundamental Relation
- Problems.
- 9 Temperature
- 9.1 A Necessary Condition for Mutual Stable Equilibrium
- 9.2 Definition of Absolute Temperature
- 9.3 Positivity of Temperature
- 9.4 Concavity of the Fundamental Relation with Respect to Energy
- 9.5 Convexity of the Energy Relation with Respect to Entropy
- 9.6 Temperature as an Escaping Tendency for Energy and Entropy
- 9.7 Temperature of a Reservoir
- 9.8 Absolute Entropy
- 9.9 Third Law
- 9.10 Relative Temperatures
- 9.11 Available Energy in Terms of Energy and Entropy
- 9.12 Adiabatic Availability in Terms of Energy and Entropy
- 10 Total Potentials
- 10.1 Additional Necessary Conditions for Mutual Stable Equilibrium
- 10.2 Total Potential of a Constituent
- 10.3 Total Potential as an Escaping Tendency of a Constituent
- 10.4 Reservoirs with Variable Amounts of Constituents
- 11 Pressure
- 11.1 Further Necessary Conditions for Mutual Stable Equilibrium
- 11.2 Pressure
- 11.3 Pressure as a Capturing Tendency for Volume
- 11.4 Reservoirs with Variable Amounts of Constituents and Volume
- 11.5 Partial Mutual Stable Equilibrium
- 12 Work and Heat
- 12.1 Work
- 12.2 A Nonwork Interaction
- 12.3 Heat
- 12.4 Work and Heat Only
- 12.5 Inequality of Clausius
- 13 Energy versus Entropy Graphs
- 13.1 Energy versus Entropy Plane
- 13.2 Zero-Entropy Line
- 13.3 Ground-Energy States
- 13.4 The Fundamental Relation
- 13.5 Perpetual-Motion Machine of the Second Kind
- 13.6 Equilibrium Thermodynamics
- 13.7 Adiabatic Availability
- 13.8 Work in an Adiabatic Process
- 13.9 Generalized Adiabatic Availability
- 13.10 Available Energy
- 13.11 Generalized Available Energy
- 13.12 Work Interactions
- 13.13 Heat Interactions
- 13.14 Nonwork Interactions
- 13.15 Optimum Changes in Available Energy.
- 13.16 Effects of Irreversibility on the Capacity to Do Work
- 13.17 Third Law
- 13.18 Negative Temperatures
- 14 Summary of Basic Concepts
- 14.1 Systems, Properties, and States
- 14.2 Changes of State in Time
- 14.3 Energy and Energy Balance
- 14.4 Types of States
- 14.5 Adiabatic Availability
- 14.6 Available Energy
- 14.7 Entropy and Entropy Balance
- 14.8 Stable Equilibrium States
- 14.9 Temperature
- 14.9.1 Temperature of a Reservoir
- 14.9.2 Relative Temperatures
- 14.10 Total Potentials
- 14.11 Pressure
- 14.11.1 First-Order Taylor Series Expansions
- 14.11.2 Energy Relation of a Reservoir
- 14.12 Work and Heat Interactions
- 14.13 Energy versus Entropy Graphs
- 14.13.1 Zero-Entropy Line
- 14.13.2 Lowest-Energy States
- 14.13.3 The Fundamental Relation
- 14.13.4 Perpetual-Motion Machine of the Second Kind
- 14.13.5 Adiabatic Availability
- 14.13.6 Work in an Adiabatic Process
- 14.13.7 Available Energy
- 14.13.8 Work Interactions
- 14.13.9 Heat Interactions
- 15 Heat Engines
- 15.1 Definition of a Heat Engine
- 15.2 Heat Pumps and Refrigeration Units
- 16 Systems with Volume as the Only Parameter
- 16.1 General Remarks
- 16.2 Independent Properties
- 16.3 Characteristic Functions
- 16.4 Maxwell Relations
- 16.5 Heat and Work interactions
- 16.5.1 Constant-Volume Processes
- 16.5.2 Constant-Pressure Processes
- 16.5.3 Constant-Temperature Processes
- 16.5.4 Constant-Entropy Processes
- 16.6 Comment
- 17 Simple Systems
- 17.1 Definition of a Simple System
- 17.2 implications of Partitioning
- 17.3 Gibbs, Euler, and Gibbs-Duhem Relations
- 17.4 Extensive and Intensive Properties
- 17.5 Dependences of Intensive Properties
- 17.6 Convexity of Specific Energy
- 17.7 Gibbs Free Energy.
- 17.8 Partial Properties
- 18 Phase Rule
- 18.1 Homogeneous and Heterogeneous States
- 18.2 Phases
- 18.3 Gibbs Phase Rule
- 19 Thermophysical Properties of Pure Substances
- 19.1 Specific Properties
- 19.2 Molecular Weight
- 19.3 Experimental Results
- 19.4 Specific Latent Heats
- 19.5 Two-Phase Mixtures
- 19.6 Tables and Charts of Properties
- 19.7 Specific Heats
- 19.8 Equation of State
- 19.9 Coefficients of Isothermal Compressibility and Isobaric Expansion
- 19.10 Speed of Sound
- 20 Ideal Gases, Liquids, and Solids
- 20.1 Ideal-Gas Behavior
- 20.2 Perfect-Gas Model
- 20.3 Specific Heat and Molecular Structure
- 20.4 Ideal Incompressible Behavior
- 20.5 Fugacity and Activity
- 20.6 Effect of Pressure on the Fugacity of a Liquid
- 21 Equations of State
- 21.1 Compressibility Factor
- 21.2 Van der Waals Equation
- 21.3 Dieterici Equation
- 21.4 Virial Equations
- 21.5 Beattie-Bridgeman Equation
- 21.6 Benedict-Webb-Rubin Equation
- 21.7 Principle of Corresponding States
- 22 Bulk Flow
- 22.1 Bulk-Flow States
- 22.2 Bulk-Flow Interactions
- 22.3 Work, Heat, and Bulk Flow
- 22.4 Combined Rate Balance
- 23 Conversion Devices
- 23.1 Steady Flow Through a Pipe
- 23.2 Diffusers
- 23.3 Nozzles
- 23.4 Throttles and Valves
- 23.5 Compressors and Pumps
- 23.6 Turbines
- 23.7 Heat Exchangers
- 23.8 Heat Conductors and Heat Convectors
- 24 Availability Functions
- 24.1 General Remarks
- 24.2 The Environment as a Reservoir
- 24.3 Availability or Exergy
- 24.4 Different Availabilities
- 24.5 Availability or Exergy Analyses
- 24.6 Thermodynamic Efficiency or Effectiveness
- 24.7 Practical Limitations
- 24.8 Comments
- 25 Energy Conversion Systems.
- Notes:
- Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
- Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
- ISBN:
- 0-486-13518-7
- 1-62198-602-0
- OCLC:
- 993076103
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