The physics of rubber elasticity / L.R.G. Treloar.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Treloar, L. R. G., author.

Series:

Oxford classic texts in the physical sciences.

Oxford scholarship online.

Oxford classic texts in the physical sciences

Oxford scholarship online

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Rubber.

Elasticity.

Physical Description:

xii, 310 p. : ill.

Edition:

3rd ed.

Place of Publication:

Oxford : Oxford University, 2023.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Treloar provides a critical review of the equilibrium elastic properties of rubber, together with the kinetic-theory background.

Contents:

Intro

CONTENTS

1. GENERAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF RUBBER

1.1. What is a rubber?

1.2. Chemical constitution of rubbers

1.3. Early theories of rubber elasticity

1.4. The kinetic theory of elasticity

1.5. Cross-linking and vulcanization: network theory

1.6. The glass-rubber transition

1.7. Crystallization in raw rubber

1.8. Crystallization in the stretched state

2. INTERNAL ENERGY AND ENTROPY CHANGES ON DEFORMATION

2.1. Stress-temperature relations

2.2. Thermodynamic analysis

2.3. Application to experimental data

2.4. Interpretation of thermoelastic data

2.5. Thermal effects of extension

2.6. Conclusion

3. THE ELASTICITY OF LONG-CHAIN MOLECULES

3.1. Statistical properties of long-chain molecules

3.2. Statistical form of long-chain molecule

3.3. The randomly jointed chain

3.4. Properties of Gaussian functions

3.5. The distribution of r-values

3.6. Equivalent random chain

3.7. The entropy of a single chain

3.8. The tension on a chain

4. THE ELASTICITY OF A MOLECULAR NETWORK

4.1. The nature of the problem

4.2. Detailed development of the theory

4.3. Significance of theoretical conclusions

4.4. The principal stresses

4.5. Significance of single elastic constant

4.6. The elastic properties of a swollen rubber

4.7. Development of the theory

4.8. Network imperfections: 'loose end' corrections

4.9. The absolute value of the modulus

5. EXPERIMENTAL EXAMINATION OF THE STATISTICAL THEORY

5.1. Introduction

5.2. Particular stress-strain relations

5.3. Experimental examination of stress-strain relations

5.4. Deviations from theory: Mooney equation

5.5. General conclusions

6. NON-GAUSSIAN CHAIN STATISTICS AND NETWORK THEORY

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Statistical treatment of randomly jointed chain

6.3. Entropy and tension.

6.4. Alternative derivation of tension on chain

6.5. The exact distribution function

6.6. Application to real molecular structures

6.7. Non-Gaussian network theory

6.8. Comparison with experiment

6.9. Possible influence of crystallization

6.10. The equivalent random link

7. SWELLING PHENOMENA

7.1. Introduction

7.2. General thermodynamic principles

7.3. Experimental data

7.4. Significance of thermodynamic quantities

7.5. Statistical treatment of swelling

7.6. Comparison with experiment

7.7. The swelling of cross-linked polymers

7.8. Relation between swelling and modulus

7.9. The cohesive-energy density

7.10. The dependence of swelling on strain

7.11. Experiments on swelling of strained rubber

7.12. Swelling under torsional strain

8. CROSS-LINKING AND MODULUS

8.1. Introduction

8.2. Early work

8.3. The experiments of Moore and Watson and of Mullins

8.4. Effect of entanglements

8.5. Discussion and conclusion

9. PHOTOELASTIC PROPERTIES OF RUBBERS

9.1. Refractive index and polarizability

9.2. Optical properties of long-chain molecules

9.3. The Gaussian network

9.4. The effect of swelling

9.5. The non-Gaussian network

9.6. Measurement of birefringence

9.7. Investigations on natural rubber

9.8. The effect of the degree of cross-linking

9.9. Polyethylene

9.10. Optical properties of the monomer unit

9.11. The equivalent random link

9.12. The effect of swelling on stress-optical coefficient

9.13. Temperature dependence of optical anisotropy

10. THE GENERAL STRAIN: PHENOMENOLOGICAL THEORY

10.1. Introduction

10.2. The theory of Mooney

10.3. Rivlin's formulation

10.4. Pure homogeneous strain

10.5. The general strain: early experiments

10.6. The experiments of Rivlin and Saunders

10.7. Interpretation of Mooney plots.

10.8. Molecular significance of deviations from statistical theory

11. ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF STRAIN-ENERGY FUNCTION

11.1. Survey of alternative proposals

11.2. Ogden's formulation

11.3. The Valanis-Landel hypothesis

11.4. Experimental examination of Valanis-Landel hypothesis

11.5. Form of the function w'(&amp

#955

)

11.6. Re-examination in terms of strain invariants

12. LARGE-DEFORMATION THEORY: SHEAR AND TORSION

12.1. Introduction: components of stress

12.2. Stress components in simple shear

12.3. Torsion of a cylinder

12.4. Generalization of preceding results

12.5. Experimental verification

12.6. Further problems in torsion

12.7. Simultaneous extension, inflation, and shear of cylindrical annulus

12.8. Application of Ogden formulation

13. THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF GAUSSIAN NETWORK

13.1. Introduction

13.2. Force-extension relation for Gaussian network

13.3. Stress-temperature relations

13.4. Internal energy and entropy changes

13.5. Measurements at constant volume

13.6. Values of f[sub(e)]/f

13.7. Alternative experimental methods

13.8. Theoretical analysis of torsion

13.9. Experimental data for torsion

13.10. Volume changes due to stress

13.11. Experimental examination

13.12. Volume changes in torsion

13.13. Calorimetric determination of internal-energy contribution to stress

13.14. Temperature dependence of chain dimensions

13.15. Conclusion

REFERENCES

AUTHOR INDEX

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

O

P

R

S

T

V

W

Y

SUBJECT INDEX

N

V.

Notes:

This edition originally published: Oxford: Clarendon, 1975.

Includes index.

Formerly CIP.

Previously issued in print: 2005.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Derived record based on print version record and publisher information.

ISBN:

1-383-03000-6

1-281-34637-3

0-19-152330-5

1-61583-209-2

1-4356-0974-3

OCLC:

609832385