Golgi apparatus : structure, functions and mechanisms / Christopher J. Hawkins, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Hawkins, Christopher J.

Series:

Cell Biology Research Progress

Cell biology research progress.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Golgi apparatus.

Protoplasm.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (181 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The Golgi apparatus is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. The primary function of the Golgi apparatus is to process and package macromolecules, such as proteins and lipids, after their synthesis and before they make their way to their destination. This book presents topical research data in the study of Golgi apparatus, including Golgi organisation and stress sensing, signalling pathways controlling mitotic Golgi breakdown in mammalian cells, the role of Golgi apparatus in the biological mechanisms of hypericin-mediated photodynamic therapy, the role of the Trans-Golgi Network (TGN) in the sorting of nonenzymic lysosomal proteins, and the mechanisms involving the role of Golgi apparatus alteration in neurological disorders triggered by manganese.

Contents:

Intro

GOLGI APPARATUS STRUCTURE, FUNCTIONS AND MECHANISMS

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 GOLGI ORGANIZATION AND STRESS SENSING

ABSTRACT

1. INTRODUCTION

2. GOLGI STRUCTURE

2.a. The Intricacies of the Mammalian Golgi Apparatus

2.b. Golgi Ribbon Structure and Interaction with Other Organelles

2.c. Golgi Structure and Stacking

2.d. The Cytoskeleton and Maintenance of Golgi Ribbon Structure

2.d.1. Microtubules Maintain Golgi Ribbon Structure

2.d.2. The Actin Cytoskeleton and Golgi Structure

2.e. Contribution of Lipids to Golgi Structure and Function

2.e.1. Importance Of Glycerophospholipids In Golgi Structure And Function

2.e.2. Role of Sphingolipids and Lipid Transfer Proteins in Golgi Structure and Function

2.e.2.1. CERT and Stabilization of ER-Golgi Contact Sites

2.e.2.2. Role of FAPP2 and Transport of GlcCer Within the Golgi Apparatus

2.e.2.3. OSBP, Cholesterol Sensing and Maintainence of ER-Golgi Contact Sites

2.e.2.4. Sphingomyelin and CERT Function in Flies and Mammals

3. APOPTOSIS AND GOLGI STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION

3.a. The Cellular Machinery for Apoptosis

3.b. Ceramide Mediated Apoptosis And Golgi Ribbon Architecture

3.b.1. Ceramide Biosynthesis and Metabolism

3.b.2. Ceramide Regulation and Golgi Structure

3.b.3. Ceramide and Apoptosis

4. CELLULAR LOCATION OF THE GOLGI APPARATUS IN STRESS SENSING

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 2 FUNCTIONAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GOLGI DYNAMICS AND LIPID METABOLISM AND TRANSPORT

ABBREVIATIONS

2. LIPIDS AND PROTEINS INVOLVED IN MEMBRANE BUDDING

2.1. Adaptor/Clathrin-Coat Vesicle Formation at the Golgi

2.2. Formation of COPI Vesicles

2.3. Lipid Functions In Membrane Trafficking.

2.3.1. PtdOH, DAG, and Lyso-Phospholipids

2.3.1.1. PtdOH and DAG Synthesis and Interconversion

2.3.1.2. Roles for PtdOH and DAG in Vesicular Fission at the Golgi

2.3.1.3. Role of Lyso-PtdOH in Golgi Secretion

2.3.2. PtdIns-Polyphosphates

2.3.2.1. Roles of PtdInsP in Golgi Trafficking

2.3.2.2. PtdInsP Metabolism in the Golgi Apparatus

2.3.3. Cholesterol and Sphingolipids

2.3.3.1. Roles of the Golgi Apparatus in Cholesterol and Sphingolipid Homeostasis

2.3.3.2. Cholesterol Flux and Biosynthesis

2.3.3.3. Sphingolipid Biosynthesis

2.3.4. Lipid Transport Proteins Involved in Cholesterol and Sphingolipid Metabolism

2.3.4.1. Glycolipid Transfer by FAPP

2.3.4.2. Ceramide Transfer Protein

2.3.4.3. Golgi Cholesterol Transfer by OSBPs

3. PROTEINS INVOLVED IN MEMBRANE TETHERING AND FUSION

3.1. Vesicle Tethering at the Golgi

3.2. Vesicle Fusion Mediated by SNAREs

4. DISEASES RELATED TO LIPID METABOLISM AND GOLGI FUNCTION

4.1. Lowe Syndrome

4.2. Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation

4.3. Tangier Disease

Chapter 3 SIGNALING PATHWAYS CONTROLLING MITOTIC GOLGI BREAKDOWN IN MAMMALIAN CELLS

2. UNLINKING OF THE GOLGI RIBBON IN LATE G2 PHASE

3. GOLGI STACKS DISASSEMBLY AND VESICULATION

4. GOLGI APPARATUS INHERITANCE AND THE MITOTIC SPINDLE

5. GOLGI APPARATUS REASSEMBLY

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Chapter 4 GOLGI APPARATUS AND HYPERICIN-MEDIATED PHOTODYNAMIC ACTION

1. AN ALTERNATIVE THERAPEUTIC MODALITY: PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY

2. A PROMISING SECOND-GENERATION PHOTOSENSITIVE DRUG: HYPERICIN

3. THE MECHANISMS OF HYPERICIN-MEDIATED PDT AND GOLGI APPARATUS'S ROLE

REFERENCES.

Chapter 5 ROLE OF THE TRANS-GOLGI NETWORK (TGN) IN THE SORTING OF NONENZYMIC LYSOSOMAL PROTEINS

I. EVOLUTIONARY SORTING SYSTEMS IN THE TGN

II. THE FUNCTION OF LYSOSOMAL PROTEINS

Overview

Lysosomal Functions of Sphingolipid Activator Proteins (SAPs)

III. SORTING OF LYSOSOMAL PROTEINS

The Mannose-6-Phosphate Receptors (MPRs)

Sortilin

Adaptor Proteins - Overview

Adaptor Proteins - Anterograde Transport

Adaptor Proteins - Retrograde Transport

IV. PROSAPOSIN TRAFFICKING

Sortilin-Mediated Sorting of Prosaposin

Prosaposin Processing in the Golgi Apparatus

Effect of Endo H Treatment

Effect of Brefeldin A (BFA) Treatment

Effects of Sequential Truncations of the Prosaposin C-Terminus

V. GM2AP TRAFFICKING

VI. THE ROLE OF LIPID RAFTS IN LYSOSOMAL TRAFFICKING

VII. THE SORTILIN MODEL

Inactivation of the Sortilin Gene

VIII. SIGNIFICANCE OF THIS STUDY

Chapter 6 GOLGI APPARATUS FUNCTIONS IN MANGANESE HOMEOSTASIS AND DETOXIFICATION

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

Cell Culture

Treatment and Sample Preparation for Nano-Imaging

Synchrotron X-Ray Fluorescence Nano-Imaging

Golgi Apparatus Labeling

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

Manganese Accumulation in GA

Role of GA in Mn Detoxification

Manganese Alteration of GA and Neurodegenerative Diseases

INDEX

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

ISBN:

1-61122-611-2

OCLC:

727951041