Bridging the gap : empirical research in simultaneous interpretation / edited by Sylvie Lambert, Barbara Moser-Mercer.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Lambert, Sylvie, 1957-

Moser-Mercer, Barbara.

Series:

Benjamins translation library ; v. 3.

Benjamins translation library, 0929-7316 ; v. 3

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Translating and interpreting.

Neuropsychology.

Physical Description:

362 p. : ill.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam ; Philadelphia : J. Benjamins, c1994.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Interpreting has been a neglected area since the late 1970s. Sylvie Lambert and Barbara Moser-Mercer have attempted to give a new impulse to academic research in print with this collection of 30 articles discussing various aspects of interpreting grouped in 3 sections: I. Pedagogical issues, II. Simultaneous interpretation, III. Neuropsychological research.Being a professional interpreter may not be sufficient to explain what interpretation is all about and how it should be practised and taught. The purpose of this collection of reports on non-arbitrary, empirical research of simultaneous and sign-language interpretation, designed to bridge the gap between vocational and scientific aspects of an interpreter's skills, is to show that the study of conference interpretation, by way of scientific experimental methods, as tedious and speculative as they may often appear, is bound to contribute significantly to general knowledge in this field and have tangible and practical repercussions. The contributors are specialists from all over the world. Introduction by Barbara Moser-Mercer.

Contents:

BRIDGING THE GAP

Editorial page

Title page

Copyright page

FOREWORD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Table of contents

INTRODUCTION

Paradigms Gained or the Art of Productive Disagreement

References

PEDAGOGICAL ISSUES

Error Analysis in The Teaching of Simultaneous Interpreting: A Pilot Study

1. Introduction

1.1. Error Analysis

1.2. What Constitutes an Error

2. Procedure

3. Materials

4. Method

5. Evaluation

5.1. Omissions

5.2. Additions

5.3. Inaccurate Renditions of Individual Lexical Items

5.4. Inaccurate Rendition of Longer Phrases

6. Hierarchy of Errors

7. Presentation of the Message

7.1. Lack of TL Fluency

7.2. Loss of Rhetorical Effect

7. Conclusion

Methodological Aspects of Interpretation and Translation Research

2. Basic I/T Characteristics and Their Implications on Research

2.1. In I/T, Input and Output can be Observed and Recorded Under Particularly Favourable Conditions

2.2. Processes are NOT Easy to Observe and Record

2.3. Although Many Rules on Output, Including Relations between Output and Input Have Been Described, Much of the Process Leading from Input to Output Remains Unknown

2.4. I/T Situations and Operations are Highly Variable

2.5. I/T Operational Environments are Fairly Simple

3. Major Methodological Issues and Problems in I/T Research

3.1. Subjects in I/T Experimentation

3.2. Materials

3.3. Experimental Conditions and Tasks

3.4. Quantification and Quality Assessment

3.5. Drawing Conclusions

4. Strategies for I/T Research

4.1. Institutional Strategies

4.2. Research Programs

4.3. Interdisciplinary Contacts

4.4. Dissemination of Information in I/T Research Circles

5. Strategies for Individuals

5. 1 Strategies for I/T Practitioners

6. Strategies for Non-Practitioners.

References

Aptitude Testing for Conference Interpreting: Why, When and How

2. Types of Aptitude Tests

3. What is Being Tested

3.1. Knowledge

3.2. Skills

3.3. Personality Traits

4. Methodology

4.1. Written Translation Tests (B to A, C to A, and A to B)

4.2. The Oral Interview or Oral Exposé

4.3. Sight Translation

4.4. Paraphrasing

4.5. Memory Tests

4.6. The Cloze-Test

4.7. Consecutive and Simultaneous Interpreting

5. Overall Evaluation

6. Research Agenda

A Psychometric Approach to the Selection of Translation and Interpreting Students in Taiwan

2.The Research Basis of GITIS Examinations

3. The Approach to Test Construction

4. Entry Requirements for ROC Graduate School

6. The Group Tests

7. The Individual Tests

8. The Traditional Test Scoring System

9. The Written Scores

10. The GITIS Oral Scores

11. Implications of the 'A'-'B'-'C1 Language Classification System

12. The Need for a Psychometric Approach to Aptitude Testing

NOTES

Quality in Conference Interpreting: Some Pragmatic Problems

1. Definitions

1.1. Pragmatics

1.2. Quality

2. Respondents

3. Questionnaires

3. Results

3.1. Functions

3.2. Irritants (Table A2)

4. Conclusion

SIMULTANEOUS INTERPRETATION

Simultaneous Interpretation: Contextual and Translation Aspects

2. Experiments 1 and 2: Contextual Factors Surrounding Performance of Task

3. Method

3.1. Subjects

3.2. Stimuli and Apparatus

3.3. Procedure

4. Results

5. Discussion

6. Experiment 3: Central Recoding or "Translating" Stage

7. Results

8. Discussion

Notes

A Description of Various Types ofOmissions, Additions and Errors of TranslationEncountered in Simultaneous Interpretation.

1. Introduction

2. Coding Scheme

2.1. Omissions

2.2. Additions

3.3. Substitutions and Errors

3. Some Relevant Data

Appendix

Message Redundancy and Message Anticipation In Simultaneous Interpretation

2. The Russian School of Thought

3. Model

Comprehension during Interpreting: What do Interpreters know that Bilinguals don't?

2. Method

2.1. Subjects

2.2. Materials

2.3. Tasks

2.4. Procedure

2.5. Deviations from Standard Interpreting Practic

2.6. Data Manipulation

2.7. Design and Analyses

3.1. The Effects of Experience on Interpreting

3.2. Overall

3.3. Syntactic Processing

3.4. Proposition Generation

3.5. Frame Processing

3.6. The Effects of Text Structure on Interpreting

3.7. Text Type

3.8. Syntactic Processing

3.9. Proposition Generation

3.10. Frame Processing

4. Discussion

5. Conclusion

Appendix A: Experimental Texts

Memory For Sentence Form After Simultaneous Interpretation: Evidence Both For And Against Deverbalization

4.1. Listeners Versus Type I Interpreters

4.2. Listeners Versus Type II Interpreters

4.3. Quiz Results

Putting one's Heart into Simultaneous Interpretation

2.2. Design

2.3. Procedure

2.4. Apparatus

Intonation In The Production And Perception Of Simultaneous Interpretation

2. Procedure and Apparatus

2.1. Production: Isolating the Salient Features

2.2. Perception: Effect of Interpretational Intonation on Comprehension and on Recall

3. Results.

3.1. Production

3.2. Perception

4. Summary

NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

Lateralization for Shadowing Words versus Signs: A Study of ASL-English Interpreters

2. Dual Task Paradigm

3. Functional Cerebral Distance Principle

4.1. Subjects

4.2. Stimuli and Apparatus

4.3. Procedure

4.4. Data Analysis

5. Results

6. Discussion

Author Notes

Non-Linguistic Factors Influencing Simultaneous Interpretation

2. Attention and Memory

2.1. Results

2.2. Discussion

2.3. Speaking Speed

2.4. Fundamental Frequency of Speech

3. General Discussion

Neurological and Neuropsychological Aspects Of Polyglossia and Simultaneous Interpretation

1. Bilingual and Polyglot Aphasia

1.1. Selective Aphasia

1.2. Selective Crossed Aphasia

1.3. Different Aphasic Syndromes in Polyglot Aphasia

1.4. Polyglot Aphasia with Mixing Problems

1.5. Translation Impairments

1.6. Alternate Antagonism

1.7. Paradoxical Translation in Aphasies

1.8. Spontaneous Translation

1.9. Liturgical Language Conservation

1.10. Specific Impairments of Reading and Writing

1.11. Aphasia with Tonal Languages

1.12. Reading and Writing Impairments in Phonetic and Ideographic Script Systems

2. Patterns of Recovery in Polyglot Aphasia

3. Cerebral Representation of Languages in Bilinguals and Polyglots

4. Cerebral Asymmetries in Bilingual and Polyglot Subjects

5. Research with Neuropsychological Experimental Techniques

5.1. Experimental Studies with Electroencephalographic Techniques

5.2. Experimental Studies with Tachistoscopic Techniques

5.3. Experimental Studies with Dichotic Listening Techniques

5.4. Experimental Studies with Verbal-Manual Interference Paradigms

5.5. Further Experiments.

6. Neurolinguistic Aspects of Simultaneous Interpretation

6.1. Aphasic Syndromes and Translation: Some Neurofunctional Considerations

6.2. Hemispheric Specialization and Simultaneous Interpretation

7. Conclusions

Simultaneous Interpreters: One Ear May Be Better Than Two

2. Earedness and Shadowing

3. Earedness and Simultaneous Interpretation

3.1. Method

3.2. Subjects

3.4. Results

4. Finger-tapping Experiments

Lateralization for Shadowing vs. Interpretation: A Comparison of Interpreters with Bilingual and Monolingual Controls

2. Present Research

2.1. Professional Interpreters

2.2. Description of Paradigm

2.3. Interpretive Issues

3. Previous Time-Sharing Studies with Bilinguals

4. Hypotheses

5. Method

5.1. Subjects

5.2. Apparatus

5.3. Stimuli and Procedure

5.4. Specific Methodological Considerations

6. Results

6.1. Order and Description of Analyses

6.2. Analyses of the Monolingual Group

6.3. Reliability

6.4. Comparison of Early Bilingual Interpreters versus Early Bilingual Controls

6.5. Comparison of Bilinguals and Monolinguals on Tasks in English

6.6. Vocalization Disruption and Attentional Tradeoffs

6.7. Laterality Profiles

7. Discussion

Acknowledgements

Index of Authors

The series Benjamins Translation Library.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-283-05130-3

9786613051301

90-272-8580-2

OCLC:

707925216