Nuclear ambitions and issues in the Middle East / Nathan E. Cohen, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Cohen, Nathan E., 1960-

Series:

Politics and economics of the Middle East.

Politics and economics of the Middle East

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nuclear nonproliferation--Middle East.

Nuclear nonproliferation.

Nuclear energy--International cooperation.

Nuclear energy.

Nuclear energy--Government policy--United States.

Nuclear energy--Government policy--India.

Middle East--Politics and government--1979-.

Middle East.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (172 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2010.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Presents the nuclear ambitions and issues of Middle Eastern countries such as - Iran, Pakistan, United Arab Emirates and India. This book provides background information on the nuclear programs of these countries, reviews the developments, analyses proposed nuclear co-operation with the US and discusses relevant legislative proposals and options.

Contents:

Intro

NUCLEAR AMBITIONS AND ISSUES IN THE MIDDLE EAST

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 IRAN'S NUCLEAR PROGRAM: TEHRAN'S COMPLIANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS

Summary

Introduction

Background

Iran and the IAEA

Potential Noncompliance since September 2005

Iran and the U.N. Security Council

Authority for IAEA and U.N. Security Council Actions

IAEA Statute

U.N. Charter and the Security Council

Has Iran Violated the NPT?27

Appendix A. Iranian Noncompliance with Its IAEA Safeguards Agreement

Appendix B. Extended Remarks by William Foster Regarding Possible NPT Article II Violations

End Notes

Chapter 2 IRAN SANCTIONS

Overview

The Iran Sanctions Act (ISA)

Key Provisions/"Triggers" and Available Sanctions

Waiver and Termination Authority

Iran Freedom Support Act Amendments

Effectiveness and Ongoing Challenges

Energy Routes and Refinery Investment

Refinery Construction

Significant Purchase Agreements

Efforts in the 110th Congress to Expand ISA Application

Legislation in the 111th Congress: Targeting Gasoline Sales

Likely Effects of the Iran Refined Petroleum Sanctions Act

Relationships to Other U.S. Sanctions

Ban on U.S. Trade and Investment with Iran

Application to Foreign Subsidiaries of U.S. Firms

Treasury Department "Targeted Financial Measures"

Terrorism-Related Sanctions

Executive Order 13224

Proliferation-Related Sanctions

Relations to International Sanctions

Efforts to Promote Divestment and Internet Freedom

Efforts to Prevent Internet Monitoring by Iran

Blocked Iranian Property and Assets

Chapter 3 PAKISTAN'S NUCLEAR WEAPONS: PROLIFERATION AND SECURITY ISSUES

Nuclear Weapons

Responding to India?

Delivery Vehicles.

Nuclear Doctrine

Command and Control

Security Concerns

Proliferation Threat

Pakistan's Response to the Proliferation Threat

Issues for Congress

Chapter 4 IRAN'S NUCLEAR PROGRAM: STATUS

Recent Nuclear Controversy

October 2009 Geneva Meeting33

Iran's Cooperation with the IAEA

Status of Iran's Nuclear Programs

Fuel Manufacturing Plant

Uranium Enrichment

Qom Facility76

Plutonium

Arak Reactor

Bushehr Reactor

Does Iran Have a Nuclear Weapons Program?

The 2007 National Intelligence Estimate

Living with Risk

Other Constraints on Nuclear Weapons Ambitions

Chapter 5 THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES NUCLEAR PROGRAM AND PROPOSED U.S. NUCLEAR COOPERATION

The United Arab Emirates: Background and U.S. Relations

The United Arab Emirates Nuclear Program

Rationale

Development Plans

Current Infrastructure and Regulatory Regime

Proposed U.S.-UAE Cooperation

Memorandum of Understanding

Proposed Bilateral Agreement Pursuant to Section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954

Nuclear Cooperation Agreements, Approval Process, and Proposed Changes

Congressional Concerns

Export Control Concerns

Nonproliferation Concerns

Human Rights Concerns

Possible Diplomatic Implications

Shaping Nonproliferation Standards and Best Practices

Commercial Opportunities

Bilateral Relations and UAE Cooperation in Nonproliferation Activities

Legislative Developments in the 110th and 111th Congress

Appendix. Provisions in U.S. Nuclear Cooperation Agreements with the UAE and Egypt Relevant to Establishing Standards for other Such Agreements

UAE

Egypt

Chapter 6 U.S. NUCLEAR COOPERATION WITH INDIA: ISSUES FOR CONGRESS

Recent Developments

Background.

Global Partnership7

Issues for Consideration

Strategy vs. Tactics

Impact on U.S. Nonproliferation Policies

Iran

Reported Indian Transfers of WMD-related items to Iran29

Restricting Enrichment and Reprocessing

Other Priorities

Impact on the Nonproliferation Regime

NSG Cohesion

Effect on NPT Member States

Missed Opportunities

U.S. NPT Article I Obligations/Aiding India's Nuclear Arsenal

Separation Plan Credibility

Conferring Nuclear Weapon-State Status

Offsetting India's Uranium Shortage

Steps Required by P.L. 109-401

Separation Plan and Safeguards69

India-IAEA Discussions/Domestic Opposition78

India's Safeguards Agreement86

NSG Support

India's Nuclear Cooperation with the United States and Other Countries

Convention on Supplementary Compensation for Nuclear Damage

Other Required Steps

Additional Protocol

Declaration of Nuclear Facilities

Harmonization with NSG/MTCR Guidelines and Adherence to NSG Guidelines

The Atomic Energy Act and Consultations with Congress

Agreements for Cooperation

Export Licensing

Termination of Cooperation

P.L. 109-401128

President's Signing Statement

The Nuclear Cooperation Agreement

Sensitive Nuclear Technology Transfers

Nuclear Testing/Right of Return

Fuel Supply

P.L. 110-369-Key Provisions

Declarations of Policy

Certification Requirements

Reporting Requirements

Procedures for Subsequent Arrangements

Appendix. India's September 5, 2008, Statement on Disarmament and Nonproliferation

CHAPTER SOURCES

INDEX

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-61668-389-9

OCLC:

703679473