When sorry isn't enough : the controversy over apologies and reparations for human injustice / edited by Roy L. Brooks.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Brooks, Roy L. (Roy Lavon), 1950-

Series:

Critical America.

Critical America

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Social justice.

Claims.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (416 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : New York University Press, c1999.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

"How much compensation ought to be paid to a woman who was raped 7,500 times? What would the members of the Commission want for their daughters if their daughters had been raped even once?"—Karen Parker, speaking before the U.N. Commission on Human Rights Seemingly every week, a new question arises relative to the current worldwide ferment over human injustices. Why does the U.S. offer $20,000 atonement money to Japanese Americans relocated to concentration camps during World War II, while not even apologizing to African Americans for 250 years of human bondage and another century of institutionalized discrimination? How can the U.S. and Canada best grapple with the genocidal campaigns against Native Americans on which their countries were founded? How should Japan make amends to Korean "comfort women" sexually enslaved during World War II? Why does South Africa deem it necessary to grant amnesty to whites who tortured and murdered blacks under apartheid? Is Germany's highly praised redress program, which has paid billions of dollars to Jews worldwide, a success, and, as such, an example for others? More generally, is compensation for a historical wrong dangerous "blood money" that allows a nation to wash its hands forever of its responsibility to those it has injured? A rich collection of essays from leading scholars, pundits, activists, and political leaders the world over, many written expressly for this volume, When Sorry Isn't Enough also includes the voices of the victims of some of the world's worst atrocities, thereby providing a panoramic perspective on an international controversy often marked more by heat than reason.

Contents:

When Sorry Isn't Enough

Front matter

Contents

Preface

PART 1. Introduction

1 The Age of Apology

Suggested Readings

PART 2. Nazi Persecution

Introduction

2 A Reparations Success Story?

The Scope of Persecution

3 The German Third Reich and Its Victims: Nazi Ideology

Holocaust Narratives

4 Memories of My Childhood in the Holocaust

5 The Human “Guinea Pigs” of Ravensbrück

6 Stranger in Exile

The National Security Defense

7 Putative National Security Defense: Extracts from the Testimony of Nazi SS Group Leader Otto Ohlendorf

German Reparations

8 German Compensation for National Socialist Crimes: United States Department of Justice Foreign Claims Settlement Commission

9 Romani Victims of the Holocaust and Swiss Complicity

10 German Reparations: Institutionalized Insufficiency

PART 3. Comfort Women

11 What Form Redress?

The Comfort Women System

12 The Jugun Ianfu System

13 Comfort Women Narratives: Report of the Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women

14 The Nanking Massacre

15 Japan’s Official Responses to Nanking

The Redress Movement

16 The Comfort Women Redress Movement

17 Japan’s Official Responses to Reparations

A Legal Analysis of Reparations

18 Japan’s Settlement of the Post–World War II Reparations and Claims

19 Reparations: A Legal Analysis

An American Response

20 Lipinski Resolution

PART 4. Japanese Americans

21 Japanese American Redress and the American Political Process: A Unique Achievement?

The Internment Experience

22 The Internment of Americans of Japanese Ancestry

23 Executive Order 9066: Authorizing the Secretary of War to Prescribe Military Areas

24 Report of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians

25 Japanese American Narratives

26 Relocation, Redress, and the Report: A Historical Appraisal

Forms of Redress

27 Redress Achieved, 1983–1990

28 Institutions and Interest Groups: Understanding the Passage of the Japanese American Redress Bill

29 Proclamation 4417: Confirming the Termination of the Executive Order Authorizing Japanese-American Internment

30 Response to Criticisms of Monetary Redress

31 Testimony of Representative Norman Y. Mineta

32 German Americans, Italian Americans, and the Constitutionality of Reparations: Jacobs v. Barr

33 The Case of the Japanese Peruvians

34 Letters from John J. McCloy and Karl R. Bendetsen

PART 5. Native Americans

35 Wild Redress?

The Native American Experience

36 Native American Reparations: Five Hundred Years and Counting

Native American Narratives

37 The Killing of Big Snake, a Ponca Chief, October 31, 1879

38 The Massacre at Wounded Knee, South Dakota, December 29, 1890

39 How the Indians Are Victimized by Government Agents and Soldiers

40 Forced Removal of the Winnebago Indians, Nebraska, October 3, 1865

The Redress Movement: Land Claim Litigation

41 Indian Claims for Reparations, Compensation, and Restitution in the United States Legal System

The Redress Movement: Land Claim Legislation

42 The True Nature of Congress’s Power over Indian Claims: An Essay on Venetie and the Uses of Silence in Federal Indian Law

Repatriation of Religious and Cultural Artifacts

43 Repatriation Must Heal Old Wounds

Wealth, Redistribution, and Sovereignty

44 Office of the Governor, Pete Wilson, State of California, Press Release

45 Statement of the Honorable Anthony R. Pico, Chairman, Viejas Band of Kumeyaay Indians, Press Conference

46 The Distribution of Wealth, Sovereignty, and Culture through Indian Gaming

PART 6. Slavery

47 Not Even an Apology?

The Slave and the Free Black Experience

48 The Legal Status of African Americans during the Colonial Period

49 African Americans under the Antebellum Constitution: Supreme Court of the United States

50 Slave Narratives

51 Remembering Slavery

52 Life as a Free Black

53 The Growing Movement for Reparations

Forms of Redress: Apology

54 Why the North and South Should Have Apologized

55 Defense of Congressional Resolution Apologizing for Slavery

56 Clinton Opposes Slavery Apology

57 Ask Camille: Camille Paglia’s Online Advice for the Culturally Disgruntled

58 The Atlantic Slave Trade: On Both Sides, Reason for Remorse

59 They Didn’t March to Free the Slaves

60 Lincoln Apologizes

Forms of Redress: Reparations

61 Special Field Order No. 15: “Forty Acres and a Mule”

62 The Commission to Study Reparations Proposals

63 Clinton and Conservatives Oppose Slavery Reparations

64 Collective Rehabilitation

65 The Constitutionality of Black Reparations

PART 7. Jim Crow

66 Redress for Racism?

The Jim Crow Experience

67 The Triumph of White Supremacy

Jim Crow Narratives

68 Jim Crow Narratives

69 The United States Has Already Apologized for Racial Discrimination

70 The Long-Overdue Reparations for African Americans: Necessary for Societal Survival?

71 Reparations: Strategic Considerations for Black Americans

72 Repatriation as Reparations for Slavery and Jim-Crowism

73 Rosewood

PART 8. South Africa

74 What Price Reconciliation?

The Apartheid Experience

75 African National Congress Statement to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission

Apartheid Narratives

76 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Amnesty Hearing: Testimony of Jeffrey T. Benzien

77 Truth and Reconciliation Commission, Amnesty Hearing: Affidavit and Testimony of Bassie Mkhumbuzi

78 Alternatives and Adjuncts to Criminal Prosecutions

79 Summary of Anti-Amnesty Case: Azanian Peoples Organization (AZAPO) and Others v. The President of the Republic of South Africa

80 Justice after Apartheid? Reflections on the South African TRC

81 Will the Amnesty Process Foster Reconciliation among South Africans?

82 Healing Racial Wounds? The Final Report of South Africa’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission

83 Introductory Notes to the Presentation of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s Proposed Reparation and Rehabilitation Policies

84 Truth and Reconciliation Commission Hearing, Testimony of Former President F. W. de Klerk

85 Affirmative Action as Reparation for Past Employment Discrimination in South Africa: Imperfect and Complex

Appendix: Selected List of Other Human Injustices

Contributors

Permissions

Index

About the Editor

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

"This anthology is a collection of essays, written by both internationally renowned and emerging scholars, and of public documents that concern claims from around the world which seek redress for human injustice"--Preface.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0-8147-3947-4

0-585-43472-7

OCLC:

913695337