Clinical neurophysiology in pediatrics : a practical approach to neurodiagnostic testing and management / Gloria Galloway, editor ; acquisitions editor Beth Barry ; contributors Mark B. Bromberg [and nineteen others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Galloway, Gloria M., 1960- editor.

Barry, Beth, editor.

Bromberg, M. B. (Mark B.), contributor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Pediatric neurology--Diagnosis.

Pediatric neurology.

Neurophysiology.

Nervous system--Diseases--Diagnosis.

Nervous system.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (297 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Demos Medical, 2016.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This is the first book to comprehensively address neurodiagnostic testing for the broad scope of clinical neurophysiologic disorders in the pediatric population.The field of clinical neurophysiology has expanded exponentially with the development of new approaches, techniques, studies, and certifications.

Contents:

Cover

Title

Copyright

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Share Clinical Neurophysiology in Pediatrics: A Practical Approach to Neurodiagnostic Testing and Management

Chapter 1: EEG Monitoring in Neonatal Epilepsies

Neonatal EEG Background

Background Patterns

Excessive Sharps

Excessive Discontinuity

Brief Ictal/Interictal Rhythmic/Repetitive Discharges

Depressed/Undifferentiated or Low Voltage

Seizure Detection

Subclinical Seizures

Neonatal Seizure Semiology

Role of Amplitude-Integrated EEG

Transient or "Benign" Neonatal Seizures

Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy

Benign Familial Neonatal Convulsions

Stroke

Hypoglycemia and Other Reversible Causes

Catastrophic Epileptic Encephalopathies

Ohtahara Syndrome

Early Myoclonic Epilepsy of Infancy

Malignant Migrating Partial Seizures of Infancy

Other Epilepsy Syndromes Presenting in Neonates

Metabolic Epilepsies

References

Chapter 2: Pediatric Febrile Seizures

Etiology

Should Children with Febrile Seizures be Vaccinated? Do Vaccinations Cause Febrile Seizures?

Evaluation of Febrile Seizures

Febrile Status Epilepticus

Prognosis of Febrile Seizures

Management of Simple and Complex Febrile Seizures

Febrile Seizures as the Presenting Feature of Other Epilepsies

FEBSTAT Study

Controversy: Do Febrile Seizures Cause Temporal Lobe Epilepsy?

Chapter 3: Epileptic and Nonepileptic Paroxysmal Events in Childhood

Events with Motor Manifestations as the Main Clinical Feature

Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus

Jitteriness

Benign Myoclonus of Early Infancy

Shuddering Attacks

Stereotypies

Tics

Paroxysmal Dyskinesias

Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures

Sandiffer Syndrome

Hyperekplexia

Self-Gratification Disorder.

Events with Sensory Manifestations as the Main Clinical Feature

Migraine

Panic Attacks

Hallucinations

Events Associated with Changes in the Level of Consciousness or Alertness as the Main Clinical Feature

Staring Events

Breath-Holding Spells

Syncope

Narcolepsy/Cataplexy

Sleep-Related Events

Chapter 4: EEG Interpretation in Childhood Epilepsies

Paroxysmal Discharges and Seizure Diagnosis

The Epilepsies

Localized (Focal) Epilepsies and Syndromes

Generalized Epilepsies

Symptomatic Generalized, Multifocal Seizures or Syndromes

Chapter 5: The Evaluation of Pediatric Sleep Disorders

History

Physical Examination

Polysomnography

Specific Sleep Disorders

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence

Narcolepsy

Parasomnias

NREM-Related Parasomnias

REM-Related Parasomnias

Sleep-Related Movement Disorders

Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep

Sleep-Related Bruxism

Sleep-Related Rhythmic Movement Disorder

Sleep-Related Medical and Neurological Disorders

Sleep-Related Epilepsy

Conclusions

Chapter 6: Pediatric Muscular Dystrophies and Myopathies: The Role of Neurophysiology, Genetics, and Ancillary Testing

Clinical Evaluation/Examination

Ancillary Studies

Creatine Kinase

Clinical Neurophysiology

Muscle Biopsy

Muscle Imaging

Imaging Findings in Specific Disorders

Genetic Testing

Complications of Genetic Testing in Neuromuscular Disorders

Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Congenital Myopathies

Congenital Muscular Dystrophies

Next-Generation Sequencing

Conclusion

Chapter 7: Clinical Evaluation in Pediatric Peripheral Neuropathies

Clinical Approach.

Which Systems and Nerve Fiber Size are Involved?

What is the Distribution of Motor Weakness?

Is There Evidence for Upper Motor Neuron Involvement and/or Other Associated Clinical Features?

What Is the Age of Onset and Temporal Evolution?

Is There Evidence for Hereditary Neuropathy?

Is the Neuropathic Process Superimposed on a Preexisting Asymptomatic Hereditary Neuropathy?

Illustrative Case Report

Electrodiagnostic Testing

Nerve Biopsy

Chapter 8: EMG Considerations in the Pediatric Patient

Fear and Discomfort

Myopathic Disorders

The Role of Genetic Testing

EMG in Clinical Trials

Use of Sedation

Disease Etiologies

Clinical Course, Electrodiagnosis, and Outcome

Chapter 9: Clinical Neurophysiology in Pediatric Peripheral Neuropathy

Inherited Peripheral Neuropathies

Hereditary Motor and Sensory Neuropathies

Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies

Acquired Peripheral Neuropathies

Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Nutritional and Malabsorption Syndromes

Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy

Chapter 10: EMG in Pediatric Brachial Plexopathy

Anatomy

Roots

Trunks

Divisions

Cords

Terminal Nerves

Brachial Plexopathy Classification

Pathophysiology

Axonal Degeneration and Axon Loss

Focal Demyelination

Causes of Brachial Plexopathies

Electrodiagnostic Study of the Brachial Plexus

Motor NCSs

Sensory NCSs

Electromyography

Specific Disorders of the Brachial Plexus

Trauma

Idiopathic Brachial Plexopathy

Hereditary Brachial Plexus Neuropathy

Chapter 11: Intraoperative Considerations in the Pediatric Patient

CNS Myelination

Multimodality Monitoring

Somatosensory Evoked Potentials

Transcranial Electric Motor Stimulation.

Brainstem Auditory Evoked Responses

Cortical Stimulation

EMG Monitoring

EEG Monitoring

Chapter 12: Evoked Potentials in Pediatric Brainstem Lesions

Technical Factors in the Assessment of Baers

Click Intensity and Repetition Rate

MLS Technique

Measurement of BAER Variables

BAER Abnormalities in Brainstem Lesions

Bilirubin Encephalopathy

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Brainstem Gliomas

Supratentorial Mass Lesions

Cerebral Palsy (CP)

Other Disorders

Leigh's Syndrome

Gaucher's Disease

Chapter 13: Evoked Potentials in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring

Physiological Basis

Monitoring Setup

Anesthesia

Motor Evoked Potentials

Safety

Interpretation

Preoperative Evaluation

Intraoperative Interpretation

Example Case

Chapter 14: Autonomic Disorders in Children

Special Considerations for Autonomic Testing in Children

Rationale for Autonomic Testing in Pediatrics

Test Descriptions

Cardiovagal

Adrenergic

Sudomotor

Pupillography

Enteric

Urologic

Vascular

Other Clinical Applications

Identification of Risk Factors for Autonomic Dysregulation

Early Detection and Monitoring of Complications of Systemic Disease

Diabetes

Screening for Other Systemic Illnesses

Identifying Underlying Pathophysiology of Clinical Disorders

Harlequin Syndrome/Flushing

Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome

Syncope/Orthostatic Intolerance

Characterization of Fiber-Type Involvement in Peripheral Neuropathies

Detecting Small-Fiber Dysfunction-Particularly as Cause of Pain Syndromes in Children and Adolescents

Abdominal Pain or GI Dysmotility.

Future Directions

Summary

Chapter 15: Clinical Neurophysiology: Future Role in Pediatric Neurologic Disorders

Historical Perspective

Better Technique, Better Analysis, Better Interpretation

Quantification of Data

Improved Temporal Resolution

Expanding the Sphere of Clinical Neurophysiology

New Diseases, Better Assessments

Neurophysiology as a Biomarker

Nonscientific Influences

Index.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-61705-211-6

OCLC:

932332267