Thomas' hematopoietic cell transplantation : stem cell transplantation / edited by Stephen J. Forman, MD [and three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Forman, Stephen J., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Hematopoietic stem cells--Transplantation.

Hematopoietic stem cells.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (1775 p.), 2 v.

Edition:

Fifth edition.

Place of Publication:

West Sussex, England : Wiley Blackwell, 2016.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Fully revised for the fifth edition, this outstanding reference on bone marrow transplantation is an essential, field-leading resource. * Extensive coverage of the field, from the scientific basis for stem-cell transplantation to the future direction of research * Combines the knowledge and expertise of over 170 international specialists across 106 chapters * Includes new chapters addressing basic science experiments in stem-cell biology, immunology, and tolerance * Contains expanded content on the benefits and challenges of transplantation, and analysis of the impact of new therapies to help clinical decision-making * Includes a fully searchable Wiley Digital Edition with downloadable figures, linked references, and more * References for this new edition are online only, accessible via the Wiley Digital Edition code printed inside the front cover or at www.wiley.com/go/forman/hematopoietic.

Contents:

Cover

Volume 1

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Contributors

Preface to the First Edition

Preface to the Fifth Edition

Tribute

List of Abbreviations

Section 1 History and Use of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Chapter 1 A History of Allogeneic and Autologous HematopoieticCell Transplantation

How it all began

History of allogeneic HCT

1949-1956: The humoral versus the cellular hypotheses

1956-1959: Early efforts in clinical marrow transplantation

1955-1967: Progress in animal models of allogeneic HCT

1968-1975: The beginning of the modern era of human marrow transplantation

1976-1989: Widening application of allogeneic marrow grafting for human patients

1989-1999: Progress in the prevention and therapy of CMV disease. New sources of grafts for allogeneic HCT

2000-present: Reduced intensity regimens (RIC) allow transplantation of elderly and medically infirm patients. Hematologic grafts induce tolerance for solid organ transplantation

History of autologous HCT

1958-1964: From pre-clinical studies to first clinical transplant efforts

1978-1995: The beginning of an era of promising results in autologous HCT

1986-2004: Circulating stem cells and cloned hematopoietic growth factors

1982-2001: Testing for minimal residual disease and efforts to "purge" grafts for autologous HCT

1986-1999: High-dose chemotherapy and transplantation of autologous hematopoietic cells for patients with breast cancer

1993-present: Research to improve preparatory regimens and efforts to consolidate post-HCT remissions

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2 Uses and Growth of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Introduction

Changing indications for HCT

Changes in patient selection

Hematopoietic cell sources

Autologous transplantation

Allogeneic transplantation.

Transplantation regimens and supportive care

Long-term survivors

Addressing barriers to use of HCT

Assessing and improving results of HCT

Section 2 Scientific Basis or Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Section 2a Hematopoiesis and Stem Biology Transplantation

Chapter 3 Generation of Definitive Engraftable Hematopoietic Stem Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

Generation of HSCs from ESCs

What have we learned from murine ESCs?

Derivation of HSCs from hPSCs

Derivation of hemangioblasts from hESCs

Derivation of blood-specific lineages from hPSCs

T cells

B cells

NK cells

Macrophages

Dendritic cells

Erythroid cells

Megakaryocytes/platelets

Isolation and/or expansion of hPSC-derived HSCs

Are PSC-derived hematopoietic progenitors capable of engraftment and hematopoietic repopulation?

Transplantation of HSCs derived from mPSCs

Transplantation of HSCs derived from human PSCs

Can we generate immunologically compatible HSCs?

Creation of a global hPSC bank

Immune privileged?

Pluripotent stem cells tailor-made by reprogramming patients' somatic cells (iPS)

Direct reprogramming of patients' fibroblasts into blood cells

Chapter 4 Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Regenerative Medicine, and Leukemogenesis

Failure of hematopoietic cell transplanters and journals to use appropriate terms to describe the cells that are transplanted

History of the HSC

Properties of mouse HSCs and other MPPs

Genetic pathways for the self-renewal of HSCs

Migration of HSCs

Hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor niches

Ontogeny of HSCs

The aging of HSCs: clonal selection versus regulated epigenetic change

Does hematopoiesis only derive from HSCs and do HSCs give rise only to blood?.

The transition from discovery to accepted scientific fact

Lineage committed hematopoietic progenitor cells

Considerations for the definition/isolation of hematopoietic progenitors

Common lymphoid progenitor cells and lymphoid development

Common myeloid progenitor cells and myeloid development

Alternative developmental pathways

Human myeloid progenitors

Lineage commitment in fetal hematopoiesis

DC development

Gene expression profiles of HSCs and their oligolineage progenitors: Gene Expression Commons

Promiscuous expression of multiple myeloid or lymphoid genes in hematopoietic branchpoints

Downregulation of genes irrelevant to committed lineages as a critical mechanism of lineage restriction

Transplantation of HSCs in mouse and human

Graft engineering

Immunologic tolerance and HSC transplantation

Reversing autoimmune diseases with disease-resistant HSCs

The future of HSC transplantation: replacing myeloablative conditioning with selective depletion of endogenous HSCs and living donors with cell lines as donors

Stem cell competition and natural chimeras

Myelogenous leukemias are driven by leukemia stem cells (LSCs), which are at the oligolineage progenitor stages

Progression to myelogenous leukemias occurs in competitive HSC clones in a stepwise fashion involving both mutations and epigenetic events

Final leukemic transformation can occur at the level of myeloid progenitors

Programmed cell death and programmed cell removal are initiated by proto-oncogenic events, and all leukemias (and cancers) overcome both to become LSCs (CSCs)

Myelodysplastic syndrome is a stage of leukemic progression before programmed cell removal is overcome

CD47, the "don't eat me" signal that overcomes programmed cell removal, is a target for antileukemia and anticancer therapies

Conclusions

References.

Chapter 5 Marrow Microenvironment and Biology of Mobilization of Stem Cells

Stem cell homeostasis and the components of the bone marrow niche

Regional differences within the bone marrow

HSC homing and engraftment

HSPC mobilization via ablation of niche cell subsets

Stem cell mobilization

Clinically available mobilizing agents

Mobilization of HSPCs with G-CSF

CXCR4/CXCL12 axis and G-CSF mobilization

Cellular mediators of G-CSF mobilization

G-CSF mobilizes HSPCs through a hematopoietic intermediate

G-CSF suppresses osteoblast lineage cells in the bone marrow

G-CSF mobilizes HSPCs through the sympathetic nervous system

HSPC mobilization via pharmacologic disruption of the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis

Mobilization of HSPCs with the CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor

Plerixafor and G-CSF mobilize phenotypically different CD34+ cell subsets

Alternative agents to disrupt the CXCR4/CXCL12 axis

Mobilization of HSPCs using CXCR4 agonists

HSPC mobilizing agents that target VLA-4

Mobilization of murine HSPCs by small molecule antagonists of VLA-4

Other biologic factors involved in mobilization

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and mobilization

Complement and mobilization

Hypoxia, HIF-1α and mobilization

Bioactive sphingolipids and mobilization

Chapter 6 Expansion of Human Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Initial attempts at ex vivo stem cell expansion for clinical application using cytokine-based expansion systems

Pre-clinical approaches for ex vivo HSPC expansion: intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of cell fate

Notch signaling in hematopoiesis

Clinical trials using ex vivo expanded/manipulated cord blood HSPC

Rationale

Notch-mediated ex vivo expansion systems for clinical application

Other emerging approaches to ex vivo expansion.

Alternative strategies to overcome the limiting cell dose in CB grafts: ex vivo modulation to enhance HSC homing

Chapter 7 Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Brief history of MSCs

Nomenclature

Biologic role of MSCs in situ

Working definition of ex vivo-expanded MSCs for clinical cell therapy

Cell biology of ex vivo expanded MSCs

Tissue sources

Isolation

Phenotype

Ex vivo expansion

Secretome

Homing and migration

Lifespan of MSCs

Immunobiology

T lymphocytes

B lymphocytes

Dendritic cells (DCs)

General mechanisms of immune modulation

Immune privilege

Risks of ex vivo expanded MSCs as cell therapy

Malignant transformation

Ectopic tissue formation after systemic infusion

Opportunistic infections

Clinical applications

MSCs to foster engraftment of HSCs following HCT

Hematopoietic stem cell expansion

MSCs to treat GVHD

Future considerations

Chapter 8 Genetic Manipulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Introduction and history

Gene transfer vectors

Retroviral vectors

Gammaretroviral vectors

Lentiviral vectors

Foamy viral vectors

Retroviral pseudotypes for HSC gene transfer

Other vector systems

Gene editing and targeted gene integration

Gene transfer to HSCs

Source of HSCs for gene transfer

Ex vivo culture conditions

In vitro assays for HSC gene transfer

Gene transfer to mouse HSCs

Immunodeficient xenotransplant mouse models

Gene transfer to large-animal repopulating cells

In vivo delivery of transgenes to HSCs

Expansion of gene-modified cells prior to infusion

Expansion of gene-marked cells in vivo

Immune responses to transgenes

Clinical trials of HSC gene transfer

Early studies

Genetic diseases.

Severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCID).

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781118416075

1118416074

9781118416129

1118416120

9781118416426

1118416422

OCLC:

935251305