Risk & innovation : small companies in six industries : background papers prepared for the NAE Risk and Innovation Study.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

National Academy of Engineering. Committee on Technology, Management, and Capital in Small High-Tech Companies.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

High technology industries--United States.

High technology industries.

Risk--United States.

Risk.

Small business--United States.

Small business.

Technological innovations--Economic aspects--United States.

Technological innovations.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (160 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Other Title:

Risk and innovation

Place of Publication:

Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, 1996.

Language Note:

English

Contents:

""RISK & INNOVATION""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""RISK & INNOVATION""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""SECTORS ADDRESSED BY THE PAPERS""; ""THE EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL RISK ON OPPORTUNITIES""; ""UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF POLICIES""; ""IMPORTANCE OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESEARCH""; ""ACCESS TO CAPITAL""; ""IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY""; ""REFERENCES""; ""ADVANCED DISPLAYS AND VISUAL SYSTEMS""; ""INDUSTRY BACKGROUND""; ""Market Size, Structure, and International Position""; ""Display Technologies""; ""Market History""; ""Consumer Electronics""; ""Computer Market""; ""Defense Market""

""CURRENT MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY ISSUES""""A Critical Technology""; ""Japanese Business Dominance""; ""Entry of Korea and Taiwan""; ""The Dumping Case""; ""Recent Developments""; ""New Markets and Applications""; ""Personal Information Devices""; ""Virtual Reality Systems""; ""Portable Computing""; ""Smart Phones""; ""Medical Devices""; ""Avionics""; ""Military""; ""Video Capture""; ""Advanced Television""; ""THE ROLE OF SMALL COMPANIES""; ""Product Research and Development""; ""Manufacturing Research and Development""; ""Upstream Issues""; ""Downstream Issues""

""Human and External Resource Issues""""Investment, Governance, and Strategy""; ""CONCLUSIONS""; ""APPENDIX: DESCRIPTIONS OF DISPLAY TECHNOLOGIES""; ""REFERENCES""; ""IMPLANTABLE AND SURGICAL MEDICAL DEVICES""; ""THE MEDICAL DEVICE INDUSTRY AND ITS MARKETS""; ""SOME SALIENT CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDICAL DEVICE INNOVATION""; ""The Science and Technology Interface""; ""The Role of Small Versus Large Firms""; ""University-Industry Interactions""; ""THE U.S. INNOVATION SYSTEM""; ""Sources Of Finance""; ""Venture Capital""; ""Public Support of Biomedical R&D""

""Academic Medical Centers and Physician-Users""""FDA Regulatory Policies""; ""Health Care Financing Policies""; ""CONSEQUENCES FOR MEDICAL DEVICE INNOVATION""; ""R&D Investment""; ""The Changing Rate of Medical Device R&D""; ""The Changing Direction of Medical Device R&D""; ""CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS""; ""REFERENCES""; ""COMPUTER SOFTWARE""; ""SIZE AND SCOPE OF SOFTWARE SECTORS""; ""Programming Services and Systems Integration""; ""Prepackaged Software""; ""SOFTWARE DEPENDS CRITICALLY ON INNOVATION IN COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES""; ""SMALL COMPANIES AND START-UPS EXPLOIT THESE OPPORTUNITIES""

""Low Barriers to Entry""""Expanding, Fragmented Markets""; ""Dynamics of Technological Change""; ""Key Success Factors for New Companies""; ""Vision""; ""Product Development""; ""Intellectual and External Resources""; ""Downstream Issues""; ""Alliances""; ""FACTORS SHAPING INNOVATION IN SOFTWARE""; ""The Importance of Universities""; ""Large Companies as a Source of Technology""; ""Economic and Technological Risks are Encouraged""; ""POLICY QUESTIONS""; ""Spin-on Effects from Defense-Related Research and Development""; ""National Infrastructure Initiative""

""The Importance of Defense System Acquisitions""

Notes:

"Committee on Technology, Management, and Capital in Small High-Tech Companies." -- p. iii.

Includes bibliographical references.