Fluid mechanics and machinery / C. P. Kothandaraman, R. Rudramoorthy.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Kothandaraman, C. P., author.

Rudramoorthy, R., author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Fluid mechanics--Problems, exercises, etc.

Fluid mechanics.

Hydraulic machinery--Problems, exercises, etc.

Hydraulic machinery.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (880 p.)

Edition:

Third edition.

Place of Publication:

Kent, [England] : New Academic Science Limited, 2013.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Numerical examples for each f the equations derived Solved problems to highlight whole spectrum of applications Objective questions for self evaluation Graded problems for exercises, mostly with answers

Contents:

Cover

Preface

Contents

Chapter 1. Physical Properties of Fluids

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Three Phases of Matter

1.2 Compressible and Incompressible fluids

1.3 Dimensions and Units

1.4 Continuum

1.5 Definition of some Common Terminology

1.6 Vapour and Gas

1.7 Characteristic Equation for Gases

1.8 Viscosity

1.8.1 Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluids

1.8.2 Viscosity and Momentum Transfer

1.8.3 Effect of Temperature on Viscosity

1.8.4 Significance of Kinematic Viscosity

1.8.5 Measurement of Viscosity of Fluids

1.9 Effect of Viscosity on Machine Performance

1.9.1 Viscous Torque and Power-Rotating Shafts

1.9.2 Viscous Torque-Disk Rotating over a Parallel Plate

1.9.3 Viscous Torque-Cone in a Conical Support

1.10 Surface Tension

1.10.1 Surface Tension Effect on Solid-Liquid Interface

1.10.2 Capillary Rise or Depression

1.10.3 Pressure Difference Caused by Surface Tension on a Doubly Curved Surface

1.10.4 Pressure Inside a Droplet and a Free Jet

1.11 Compressibility and Bulk Modulus

1.11.1 Expressions for the Bulk Modulus of Gases

1.12 Vapour Pressure

1.12.1 Partial Pressure

Solved Problems

Review Questions

Objective Questions

Exercise Problems

Chapter 2. Pressure Distribution in Fluids

2.0 Introduction

2.1 Pressure

2.2 Pressure Measurement

2.3 Pascal's Law

2.4 Pressure Variation in Static Fluid (Hydrostatic Law)

2.4.1 Pressure Variation in Fluid with Constant Density

2.4.2 Pressure Variation in Fluid with Varying Density

2.5 Manometers

2.5.1 Micromanometer

2.5.2 Modified Single Column Manometer

2.5.3 Differential Manometers

2.6 Pressure Variation in Compressible Fluid

2.6.1 Isothermal Assumption

2.6.2 Adiabatic Assumption

Exercise Problems.

Chapter 3. Forces on Surfaces Immersed in Fluids

3.0 Introduction

3.1 Centroid and Moment of Inertia of Areas

3.2 Force on an Arbitrarily Shaped Plate Immersed in a Liquid

3.3 Centre of Pressure for an Immersed Inclined Plane

3.3.1 Centre of Pressure for Immersed Vertical Planes

3.4 Component of Forces on Immersed Inclined Rectangles

3.5 Forces on Curved Surfaces

3.6 Hydrostatic Forces in Layered Fluids

3.7 Distribution of Pressure in Static Fluids Subjected to Acceleration, as

3.7.1 Free Surface of Accelerating Fluid

3.7.2 Pressure Distribution in Accelerating Fluids Along Horizontal Direction

3.7.3 Pressure Distribution in Accelerating Fluids Along Vertical Direction

3.8 Forced Vortex

Chapter 4. Buoyancy Forces and Stability of Floating Bodies

4.0 Archimedes Principle

4.1 Buoyancy Force

4.2 Stability of Submerged and Floating Bodies

4.3 Conditions for the Stability of Floating Bodies

4.4 Metacentric Height

4.4.1 Experimental Method for the Determination of Metacentric Height

4.5 Oscillation (Rolling) of Floating Body

Chapter 5. Fluid Flow-Basic Concepts-Hydrodynamics

5.0 Introduction

5.1 Lagrangian and Eularian Methods of Study of Fluid Flow

5.2 Basic Scientific Laws used in the Analysis of Fluid Flow

5.3 Flow of Ideal/Inviscid and Real Fluids

5.4 Steady and Unsteady Flow

5.5 Compressible and Incompressible Flow

5.6 Laminar and Turbulent Flow

5.7 Concepts of Uniform Flow, Reversible Flow and Two/Three Dimensional Flow

5.8 Rotational and Irrotational Flows

5.9 Continuity Equation for Flow-Cartesian Coordinates

5.10 Velocity and Acceleration Components.

5.11 Irrotational Flow and Condition for Such Flows

5.11.1 Types of Motion

5.12 Concepts of Circulation and Vorticity

5.13 Streamlines, Stream Tube, Path Lines, Streak Lines and Time Lines

5.14 Concept of Streamline

5.15 Concept of Stream Function

5.16 Potential Function

5.17 Stream Function for Rectilinear Flow Field (Positive X Direction)

5.18 Two Dimensional Flows-Types of Flow

5.18.1 Source Flow

5.18.2 Sink Flow

5.18.3 Irrotational Vortex of Strength K

5.18.4 Doublet of Strength Λ

5.19 Principle of Superposing of Flows (Or Combining of Flows)

5.19.1 Source and Uniform Flow (Flow Past a Half Body)

5.19.2 Source and Sink of Equal Strength with Separation of 2a Along x-axis

5.19.3 Source and Sink Displaced at 2a and Uniform Flow (Flow Past a Rankine Body)

5.19.4 Vortex (Clockwise) and Uniform Flow

5.19.5 Doublet and Uniform Flow (Flow Past a Cylinder)

5.19.6 Doublet, Vortex (Clockwise) and Uniform Flow

5.19.7 Source and Vortex (Spiral Vortex Counterclockwise)

5.19.8 Sink and Vortex (Spiral Vortex Counterclockwise)

5.19.9 Vortex Pair (Equal Strength, Opposite Rotation, Separation by 2a)

5.20 Concept of Flow Net

5.21 Vortex Flow

5.21.1 Forced Vortex Flow

5.21.2 Free Vortex Flow

5.21.3 Equation of Motion for Forced Vortex Flow

5.21.4 Equation of Motion for Free Vortex Flow

Chapter 6. Bernoulli Equation and Applications

6.0 Introduction

6.1 Forms of Energy Encountered in Fluid Flow

6.1.1 Kinetic Energy

6.1.2 Potential Energy

6.1.3 Pressure Energy (Also Equals Flow Energy)

6.1.4 Internal Energy

6.1.5 Electrical and Magnetic Energy

6.2 Variation in the Relative Values of Various forms of Energy During Flow

6.3 Euler's Equation of Motion for Flow Along a stream Line.

6.4 Bernoulli Equation for Fluid Flow

6.5 Energy Line and Hydraulic Gradient Line

6.6 Volume Flow Through a Venturimeter

6.7 Euler and Bernoulli Equation for Flow with Friction

6.8 Concept and Measurement of Dynamic, Static and Total Head

6.8.1 Pitot Tube

Chapter 7. Flow in Closed Conduits (Pipes)

7.0 Parameters Involved in the Study of Flow Through Closed Conduits

7.1 Boundary Layer Concept in the Study of Fluid Flow

7.2 Boundary Layer Development over a Flat Plate

7.3 Development of Boundary Layer in Closed Conduits (Pipes)

7.4 Features of Laminar and Turbulent Flows

7.5 Hydraulically "Rough" and "Smooth" Pipes

7.6 Concept of "Hydraulic Diameter": (Dh)

7.7 Velocity Variation with Radius for Fully Developed Laminar Flow in Pipes

7.7.1 Correction Factors for Kinetic Energy and Momentum in Pipe Flow

7.7.2 Flow of Viscous Fluid Between Parallel Plates

7.8 Darcy-Weisbach Equation for Calculating Pressure Drop

7.9 Hagen-Poiseuille Equation for Friction Drop

7.10 Significance of Reynolds Number in Pipe Flow

7.11 Velocity Distribution and Friction Factor for Turbulent Flow in Pipes

7.12 Minor Losses in Pipe Flow

7.13 Expression for the Loss of Head at Sudden Expansion in Pipe Flow

7.14 Losses in Elbows, Bends and Other Pipe Fittings

7.15 Energy Line and Hydraulic Grade Line in Conduit Flow

7.16 Concept of Equivalent Length

7.17 Concept of Equivalent Pipe or Equivalent Length

7.18 Fluid Power Transmission Through Pipes

7.18.1 Condition for Maximum Power Transmission

7.19 Network Method

7.19.1 Pipes in Series-Electrical Analogy

7.19.2 Pipes in Parallel

7.19.3 Branching Pipes

7.19.4 Pipe Network

7.20 Water Hammer in Pipes

7.20.1 Gradual Closure of Valve.

7.20.2 Sudden Closure of Valve and Pipe Rigid

7.20.3 Sudden Closure of Valve and Pipe Elastic

Chapter 8. Dimensional Analysis, Similitude and Model Testing

Part-I Dimensional Analysis

8.0 Introduction

8.1 Methods of Determination of Dimensionless Groups

8.2 The Principle of Dimensional Homogeneity

8.3 Buckingham PI Theorem

8.3.1 Determination of Pi Groups

8.4 Important Dimensionless Parameters

8.5 Correlation of Experimental Data

8.5.1 Problems with One Pi Term

8.5.2 Problems with Two Pi Terms

8.5.3 Problems with Three Dimensionless Parameters

Part-II Similitude and Model Testing

8.6 Introduction

8.7 Model and Prototype

8.8 Conditions for Similarity Between Models and Prototype

8.8.1 Geometric Similarity

8.8.2 Dynamic Similarity

8.8.3 Kinematic Similarity

8.9 Types of Model Studies

8.9.1 Flow through Closed Conduits

8.9.2 Flow Around Immersed Bodies

8.9.3 Flow with Free Surface

8.9.4 Models for Turbomachinery

8.10 Non Dimensionalising Governing Differential Equations

8.11 Conclusion

Part-I

Part-II

Chapter 9. Flow of Compressible Fluids

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Basics of Thermodynamics

9.2.1 Thermodynamic Process

9.2.2 First Law of Thermodynamics and Energy Equation

9.2.3 Concept of Stagnation Properties and Reversible Adiabatic Process

9.2.4 Concept of Entropy

9.3 Propagation of Sound Wave

9.3.1 Determination of Velocity of Sound

9.3.2 Velocity of Sound in Perfect Gas

9.3.3 Velocity of Sound in Incompressible Fluids and Solids

9.3.4 Mach Number

9.4 Pressure Field Created by Moving Point of Disturbance

9.4.1 Stationary Source (M = 0)

9.4.2 Moving Source-Subsonic (M &lt

1).

9.4.3 Moving Source-Sonic Speed (M = 1).

Notes:

Includes index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed September 8, 2015).

ISBN:

1-5231-1882-2

1-78183-050-9

OCLC:

919481091