Nuclear chemistry : new research / Axel N. Koskinen, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Koskinen, Axel N.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nuclear chemistry.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (294 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Nuclear chemistry is a subfield of chemistry dealing with radioactivity, nuclear processes and nuclear properties. This work presents the latest research in the field of nuclear chemistry.

Contents:

Intro

NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY:NEW RESEARCH

CONTENTS

PREFACE

SHORT COMMUNICATION

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF A LIGNITE-FIREDPOWER PLANT OPERATION: THE CASEOF MEGALOPOLIS, SOUTHERN GREECE

Abstract

Introduction

Experimental

Collection of Bulk Deposition Samples and Elemental Analysis

Natural Radioactivity Measurements in Surface Soil Samples

Indoor Radon Measurements

Calculation of Radiological Effects

Results and Discussion

Elemental Concentrations

Natural Radionuclides in Surface Soil Samples

Conclusions

References

RESEARCH AND REVIEW STUDIES

Chapter 1THE ENHANCED DEPOSITION OF 137CS FALLOUTIN TROPICAL CLOUD FORESTS

Cloud Forest

Venezuelan Tropical Clouds Forests

Cesium-137 (137Cs) and Soils

Environmental Radioactivity Studies in Venezuela

Bio Monitors

A Short Description of the Different Study Areas

Sampling Procedures

Sample Preparation for Analysis

Instrumentation

137Cs Measurements and Activity Determinations

137Cs Activities in Surface Soils from the Island of Margarita Study Areas (G)

137Cs Activities in Surface Soils from the Altos de Pipe Tropical Cloud Forest (D)

The Migration of 137Cs in Soils on the Island of Margarita (G) and Altos de Pipe (D)

137Cs Activities in Mosses from Tropical Cloud Forests and Foggy Areas

137Cs in Surface Soils from the Northern Central Coastal Study Area (E)

137Cs Activities in Surface Soils Collected at Cerro Santa Ana Study Area (B)

137Cs in Soils Collected in the Henri Pittier National Park Study Area (C)

137Cs in Surface Soils Collected on the Araya (F) and Paria (H) Peninsulas

137Cs in Soils from the Gran Sabana (L) and the Sierra de Pacarima (M).

137Cs in Surface Soils Collected in the Guri Reservoir Study Area (I)

137Cs in Mosses, Lichens and Other Vegetation along the Caruay River (K)

137Cs in Soils and Vegetation Collected at the Sierra de Lema Study Area (J)

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

Chapter 2CERAMIC IN ANCIENT SOCIETIES:A ROLE FOR NUCLEAR METHODS OF ANALYSIS

1. Introduction

Chemical Characterization of Archaeological Ceramics and Clays by INAA

NW Iberian Peninsula - Production and Trade of Pottery in BracaraAugusta

Ceramics from Bracara Augusta

Local and Regional Raw Material Sources

Ceramics and Clays

Chapter 3EFFECT OF BIOSUBSTANCES ON THE ROSFORMATION BY DEPLETED URANIUM

Chemicals

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Measurements

Determination of Uranium Peroxide

Optical Absorption Spectral Measurements

Determination of the Dissolved Oxygen Concentration in the ReactionMixture

Results

Hydroxyl Radical Formation in the DU-H2O2 System

Kinetics of the Hydroxyl Radical Formation in the DU-H2O2 System

Profile of the Reaction Occurring between DU and H2O2

Effects of Biosubstances on the Hydroxyl Radical Formation in the UO22+-H2O2 System

Discussion

Acknowledgement

Chapter 4RAPID AND AUTOMATED ANALYTICALTECHNOLOGIES FOR RADIOLOGICAL/NUCLEAREMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS

Section 1. Simultaneous Determination of 89Sr and 90Sr inFoodstuffs for Emergency Response

Experimental Section

Summary

Section 2. Automated Plutonium Urinalysis by Mass Spectrometry

Section 3. Rapid Gamma Spectra Processing Using an AutomatedAnalysis Platform.

Introduction

System Descriptions

Results and Discussions

Acknowledgements

Chapter 5FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS AND THEIR APPLICATIONSAS TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSORS

2. Properties of Fiber Bragg Gratings

2.1. Optical Properties

2.2. Photosensitivity and Fabrication Techniques

3. Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors

4. Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature and Humidity Sensors

4.1. Theory

4.1.1. Fiber Bragg Grating Temperature Sensitivity

4.1.2. Temperature and Humidity Sensitivity of Polyimide-coated Bragg Gratings

4.2. Experimental Details

4.3. Temperature Sensing Response of Fiber Bragg Gratings

4.4. Humidity Sensing Response of Fiber Bragg Gratings

4.4.1. Humidity Sensing Response of a Polyimide-Coated Fiber Bragg Grating

4.4.2. Humidity Sensing Response of an Acrylate-coated Fiber Bragg Grating

5. Conclusions

Chapter 6OXA-PENTANEDIAMIDE AND OXA-GLUTARAMICACID: NEW AND PROMISING LIGANDS IN NUCLEARINDUSTRY

1. Synthesis, Extraction Behaviors, Process Development andRadiolysis of Dialkylamides

1.1. Introduction

1.2. Synthesis and Characterization of TODGA and Its Analogues

(1) Preparation of diglycolic anhydride

(2) Synthesis of mono-substituted oxa-pentaneamide

(3) Synthesis of TBOPDA

1.3. Extraction of Metal Ions with Dialkylamides

1.3.1. Extraction of Sr(II) and Other Divalent Ions

1.3.2. Extraction of Trivalent Metal Ions

1.3.3. Extractions of Tetravalent Ions

1.3.4. Extraction of Metal Ions from Simulated High Active Waste and ProcessDevelopment

1.4. Radiolysis of TODGA

2. Synthesis, Properties of Aqueous-Soluble DAOGA andTAOPDA, and Their Applications

2.1. Introduction

2.3. Study on Structures of the Complexes of Ln(III) with DMOGA

IR measurements.

MS measurements

EXAFS spectra

2.4. Determination of Stability Constant of Complexes of DMOGA withNp(IV) and Pu(IV)

2.5. Thermal Decomposition of DMOGA

2.6. Measurements of Distribution Ratio of Am(III)/ Ln(III), Pu(IV)/Np(IV),U(VI) with Varying HNO3 Concentration

2.7. Potential Application of DMOGA in the Simplification of TRPO Process

2.7.1. Stripping of TRU Elements from Loaded TRPO with DMOGA

2.7.2. The Conceptual Flowsheet of the Simplified TRPO Process

Chapter 7APPLICATION OF CENTRIFUGAL CONTACTORS INPARTITIONING OF HIGH LEVEL WASTE IN CHINA

2. Centrifugal Contactors

3. Development of Centrifugal Contactors for Partitioning ofHLW

3.1. Laboratory-Scale

3.1.1. Modular Design

3.1.2. Improved Design of Housing

3.1.3. Sampling System

3.1.4. Rotor Speed Acquisition and Monitoring System

3.2. Industry-Scale

3.2.1. Modular Design

3.2.2. Overflow Structure Design

4. Application of Centrifugal Contactors in Partitioning of HLWin China

4.1. Tests of the TRPO Process for Removal of TRU Elements

4.2. The Cold Test of the CESE Process for Removal of Sr

4.3. The Hot Test of the Total Partitioning Process for Laboratory-Scale

4.4. The Cold Test of the Total Partitioning Process for Pilot-Scale

4.5. The Cold Test for Removal of Cs by iPr-C[4]C-6

4.6. The Hot Test for Separation of Lanthanides and Actinides by thePurified Cyanex 301

4.7. The Cold Test for Partitioning of HLW by DHDECMP-TBP

5. Conclusion

Chapter 8EFFECTIVENESS ASSESSMENT OF CORROSIONINHIBITORS OF BRONZE SURFACES,AN APPLICATION OF THE THIN LAYER ACTIVATIONTECHNIQUE TO MATERIALS OF INTERESTIN THE FIELD OF CULTURAL HERITAGE

2. Experimental Procedures

2.1. Materials

2.2. Bronze Surfaces Coating.

2.3. The TLA Method

2.4. AFM Measurements

2.5. Artificial Ageing Experiments

2.5.1. Salt Spray Cabinet Test

2.5.2. Climatic Chamber Tests

2.6. Outdoor Exposures

3. Results and Discussion

3.1. Coated Surface Characterization

3.2. Distribution of the Activity versus Depth Functions in Bronze Alloys

3.3. Activated Specimens Exposures

3.3.1. Corrosion Tests of Bronze Specimens Coated with MPTS and BTAmix

3.3.2. Corrosion Tests of Bronze Specimens Coated with BTA and BTA AlkylDerivatives

Chapter9BINDINGANDSTRUCTUREPROPERTIESINMONTECARLOSIMULATIONFORNON-ISOSYMMETRICNUCLEI

1.Introduction

2.NuclearSimulations

3.NuclearBindingandStructureResults

4.Conclusion

INDEX

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

ISBN:

1-61470-445-7

OCLC:

836864260