Environmental effects of off-highway vehicles / Douglas S. Ouren ... [et al.].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Ouren, Douglas S.

Series:

Environmental science, engineering and technology series.

Environmental science, engineering and technology series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Motorsports--Environmental aspects.

Motorsports.

Motorsports--Economic aspects.

Off-road vehicles--Environmental aspects.

Off-road vehicles.

Off-road vehicles--Economic aspects.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (239 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book and its associated appendixes compile and synthesize the results of a comprehensive literature and Internet search. The literature search was undertaken to uncover information regarding the effects of off-highway vehicle (OHV) use on land health, or âeoenatural resource attributes,âe and included databases archiving information from before OHVs came into existence to May 2006. Information pertaining to socioeconomic implications of OHV activities is included as well. The literature and Internet searches yielded approximately 700 peer-reviewed papers, magazine articles, agency and non-governmental reports, and internet websites regarding effects of OHV use as they relate to the Bureau of Land Managementâe(tm)s (BLM) standards of land health. Discussions regarding OHV effects are followed by brief syntheses of potential indicators of OHV effects, as well as OHV-effects mitigation, site-restoration techniques, and research needs.

Contents:

Intro

ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLES

PREFACE

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

CONVERSION FACTORS

GLOSSARY

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

TERMINOLOGY USED IN THIS REPORT

HOW TO USE THIS REPORT

OHV EFFECTS

OHV Effects on Soils and Watersheds

OHV Effects on Vegetation

OHV Effects on Wildlife and Habitats: Native, Threatened, and EndangeredSpecies

OHV Effects on Water Quality

OHV Effects on Air Quality

Socioeconomic Implications of OHV Use

POTENTIAL INDICATORS (BOTH DIRECT AND INDIRECT) FOREVALUATING AND MONITORING OHV EFFECTS

MITIGATION AND SITE-RESTORATION TECHNIQUES

MONITORING AND RESEARCH NEEDSTO SUPPORT OHV MANAGEMENT DECISIONS

INTRODUCTION

1.1. ISSUE CONTEXT: BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT LANDHEALTH AND OFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE USE

1.1.1. Bureau of Land Management Land Health Standards

1.1.2. Increasing OHV Use

1.2. OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, ORGANIZATION, AND USE OF THIS REPORT

1.2.1. Objectives

1.2.2. Geographical Scope

1.2.3. Organization

1.2.4. Tips on Navigating this Document

1.3. DEFINITIONS OF OHV ROUTES/ROADS,VEHICLES, AND ACTIVITIES

1.3.1. Definitions of Roads and Trails Used in this Report

1.3.2. Definitions of OHVs and OHV Activities Used in this Report

EFFECTS OF OHV TRAVEL ON NATURAL RESOURCEATTRIBUTES AND SOCIOECONOMICS

2.1. SCALE AND PATTERNS OF OHV ACTIVITIES AND THEIR EFFECTS

2.2. OHV EFFECTS ON SOILS AND WATERSHEDS

2.2.1. Section Summary

2.2.2. Soil Compaction and Reduced Water Infiltration

2.2.3. Effects on Soil Stabilizers and Rates of Soil Erosion

2.2.4. Annotated Bibliography for OHV Effects on Soils and Watersheds

2.3. OHV EFFECTS ON VEGETATION

2.3.1. Section Summary

2.3.2. Overall Effects on Vegetation Cover and Community Composition

2.3.3. Edge Effects along OHV Routes

2.3.4. Annotated Bibliography for OHV Effects on Vegetation.

2.4. OHV EFFECTS ON WILDLIFE AND HABITATS:NATIVE, THREATENED, AND ENDANGERED SPECIES

2.4.1. Section Summary

2.4.2. Loss of Habitat Connectivity: Fragmentation and Barrier Effects

2.4.3. Edge Effects

2.4.4. OHV Disturbance and Noise

2.4.5. Wildlife Mortality and Related Issues

2.4.6. Annotated Bibliography for OHV Effects on Wildlife and Habitats:Native, Threatened, and Endangered Species

2.5. OHV EFFECTS ON WATER QUALITY

2.5.1. Section Summary

2.5.2. Sedimentation and Turbidity

2.5.3. Dust and Contaminants

2.5.4. Annotated Bibliography for OHV Effects on Water Quality

2.6. OHV EFFECTS ON AIR QUALITY

2.6.1. Section Summary

2.6.2. Fugitive Dust Raised by OHV Traffic

2.6.3. Contaminants Associated with OHV Use

2.6.4. Annotated Bibliography for OHV Effects on Air Quality

2.7. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF OHV USE

2.7.1. Section Summary

2.7.2. Trends in OHV Use and Technology

2.7.3. Types, Sources, and Effects of OHV User Conflict

2.7.4. OHV Users and their Preferences

2.7.5. Economic Benefits and Costs of OHV Use

2.7.6. Annotated Bibliography for Socioeconomic Implications of OHV Use

POTENTIAL INDICATORS FOR EVALUATING ANDMONITORING OHV EFFECTS

3.1. SUMMARY

3.2. BLM'S INDICATORS OF LAND HEALTH COMPARED TOINDICATORS OF OHV EFFECTS DESCRIBED IN THE LITERATURE

3.3. SOME POTENTIAL INDICATORS FOR EVALUATING ANDMONITORING OHV EFFECTS

3.3.1. Potential Indicators of OHV Effects on Soils and Watersheds

3.3.2. Potential Indicators of OHV Effects on Vegetation

3.3.3. Potential Indicators of OHV Effects on Wildlife and Habitats: Native,Threatened, and Endangered Species

3.3.4. Potential Indicators of OHV Effects on Water Quality

3.3.5. Potential Indicators of OHV Effects on Air Quality

3.3.6. Potential Indicators for OHV Effects on Socioeconomics.

MITIGATION AND SITE-RESTORATION TECHNIQUES

4.1. SUMMARY

4.2. MITIGATION AND SITE-RESTORATION TECHNIQUES

4.2.1. Understanding Land User Preferences and Conflicts

4.2.2. Mitigating OHV Use Effects

4.2.3. Restoration of OHV-Impacted Areas

MONITORING AND RESEARCH NEEDS

5.1. SUMMARY

5.2. MONITORING AND RESEARCH NEEDS

5.2.1. Scientifically Rigorous Research Projects

5.2.2. OHV Effects at Various Spatial and Temporal Scales, across HabitatTypes

5.2.3. Research regarding Effects of OHVs on Animal Populations

5.2.4. Research to Determine Socioeconomic Costs Associated with OHV Use

5.2.5. Research to Improve Site Restoration

CONCLUSION

LITERATURE CITED

APPENDIX 1. EXTENSIVE BIBLIOGRAPHIES

1.1. OHV EFFECTS ON SOILS AND WATERSHEDS

1.2. OHV EFFECTS ON VEGETATION

1.3. OHV EFFECTS ON WILDLIFE AND HABITATS:NATIVE, THREATENED, AND ENDANGERED SPECIES

1.4. OHV EFFECTS ON WATER QUALITY

1.5. OHV EFFECTS ON AIR QUALITY

1.6. SOCIOECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF OHV USE

APPENDIX 2. SEARCH METHODS AND RESULTS OFOFF-HIGHWAY VEHICLE EFFECTS LITERATUREAND INTERNET RESOURCES

2.1. METHODS

2.1.1. Literature Search

2.1.2. Internet Search

2.2. RESULTS

2.2.1. Literature Resources

2.2.2. Internet Resources

INDEX.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references (p. [87]-200) and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-61728-408-4

OCLC:

666473928