Perspectives in environmental research / Jonathan M. Gullbert, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Gullbert, Jonathan M.

Series:

Environmental research advances series.

Environmental science, engineering and technology series.

Environmental research advances

Environmental science, engineering and technology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Pollution.

Environmental degradation.

Environmental protection.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (358 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book presents and discusses current research in the study of the environment. Topics discussed include biomonitoring of aquatic ecosystems; agricultural land-use in forest frontier areas; resource-based integrated land-use planning; and participatory forest regeneration.

Contents:

Intro

PERSPECTIVES IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 ECOTOX: A VERSATILE TOOL FOR BIOMONITORING OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

1. DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTOX FOR ECOTOXICOLOGY RESEARCH

Hardware

Software

Operation Modi

Measured Parameters

Inhibition %

Mathematical form and Statistical Analysis of the Data

Phototaxis

Test Organism

Euglena Gracilis

Ecotox Measurements of Different Organic and Inorganic Toxic Substances

2. ECOTOX FOR MONITORING MARINE WATER SAMPLES

3. EFFECT OF UV RADIATION ON GRAVITACTIC ORIENTATION OF E. GRACILIS USING ECOTOX

4. ECOTOX BIOSYSTEM FOR PREDICTING LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF TOXICANTS

Advantages OF Ecotox as Early Warning Biotest System

REFERENCES

Chapter 2 AGRICULTURAL LAND-USE IN FOREST FRONTIER AREAS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIA

1. INTRODUCTION

2. SPATIAL LAND USE MODELS

3. A SPATIAL ECONOMIC LAND USE MODEL

The Von Thunen - Ricardo Land Rent Model

Shortcomings of the Von Thunen Ricardo Land Rent Model

A Refinement of the Von Thunen - Ricardo Land Rent Model

Implications of The Model

4. EMPIRICAL ESTIMATION

Research Area

The Model

Data

Combining Spatial and Non-Spatial Data

Results

Implications of the Empirical Model

5. CONCLUSION

Chapter 3 A REVIEW OF PARCIPATORY FOREST REGENERATION ENDEAVOURS IN WEST BENGAL, INDIA

ABBREVIATIONS

2. GENESIS OF JFM

3. DESCRIPTION OF THE FDA/IAEP WORK REVIEW AREAS

3.1. Kharagpur Forest Division

3.2. Bankura (North) Forest Division

3.3. Burdwan Forest Division

3.4. Jalpaiguri Forest Division

3.5. Coochbehar Forest Division

3.6. Darjeeling Forest Division

3.7. Sundarban area.

4. FOREST DWELLER'S RIGHTS: REGULATORY PROVISIONS

5. FDA/IAEP PROJECT OBJECTIVES

6. FDA STRUCTURE, JFM COMMITTEE AND DEVELOPMENT FUNDS

7. WORK PROGRAMME INCLUDING 'ENTRY POINT ACTIVITIES'

8. PERFORMANCE EVALUATION BY NAEB APPOINTED EVALUATORS

CONCLUSIONS

Chapter 4 RESOURCE BASED INTEGRATED LAND USE PLANNING: A CASE STUDY FROM INDIAN COALFIELDS

1.1. Land Use Models and Recent Approach

1.2. The Representative Power Grade Coalfield

2. LAND USE ZONING OBJECTIVES FOR THE REPRESENTATIVE POWER GRADE COALFIELD

3. RESOURCE BASED LAND USE SUITABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY

3.1. Land Use Suitability Evaluation

4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

5. CONCLUSIONS

Chapter 5 PAHS IN SEDIMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH COAL AND COAL-DERIVED PARTICLES

OCCURRENCE, MOBILITY AND RISK ASSESSMENT

2. OCCURRENCE OF COAL AND COAL-DERIVED PARTICLE ASSOCIATED PAHS IN SEDIMENTS

2.1. Identification of Coal and Coal-Derived Particles in Sediments

2.2. Elevated Concentration of PAHs in Sediments with Coal and Coal-Derived Particles

3. MOBILITY OF PAHS IN SEDIMENTS WITH COAL AND COAL-DERIVED PARTICLES

3.1. PAHs Sorption to Carbonaceous Sediments

3.2. Slow Desorption

4. RISK ASSESSMENT CONSIDERING COAL AND COAL-DERIVED PARTICLES

Chapter 6 NEW TRENDS ON PHENOLOGICAL MODELLING

FLOWERING INTENSITY MODELS

FORECASTING PHENOLOGY DATES

MODELLING IN HERBACEOUS SPECIES

MODELLING AND CLIMATE CHANGE

REGIONAL MODELS

SPATIAL ANALYSIS

REMOTE SENSING IN PHENOLOGY STUDIES

Chapter 7 IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF HOUSEHOLD PREPARATIONS IN REDUCING DIETARY INTAKE OF CHLORPYRIFOS RESIDUES THROUGH CABBAGE HEADS (BRASSICA OLERACEA VAR. CAPITATA)

INTRODUCTION.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Field study and Sampling

HOUSEHOLD PREPARATION

EXTRACTION, CLEAN-UP, AND ESTIMATION OF CHLORPYRIFOS RESIDUES

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Dietary Risk Assessment of Chlorpyrifos Through Cabbage Consumption

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Persistence of Chlorpyrifos

Effect of Various Household Preparations:

CONCLUSION

Chapter 8 ON THE REDISTRIBUTION OF TISSUE METAL (CADMIUM, NICKEL AND LEAD) LOADS IN MINK ACCOMPANYING PARASITIC INFECTION BY THE GIANT KIDNEY WORM (DIOCTOPHYME RENALE)

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

Body and Organ Weights

Cadmium Levels

Nickel Levels

Lead Levels

Proportional Deposition Among Tissues

Gender Comparisons

Femur Versus Spicule Levels

Effects on Body Condition

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Chapter 9 NEEM : A GREAT BOON TO MANKIND

DISTRIBUTION

Climate and Soil for Growth

Bitterness

Chemistry

I) ISOPRENOIDS

II) NON-ISOPRENOID CONSTITUENTS

i) (Poly) phenolics

Miscellaneous

Chapter 10 COVER CROPS, TILLAGE, AND GLYPHOSATE EFFECTS ON CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A LOWER MISSISSIPPI DELTA SOIL AND SOYBEAN YIELD

Experiment Description

Cover Crop / Spring Vegetation Biomass

Soil Sampling

Soil Chemical Analysis

Soil Enzymatic Activity

Microbial Propagule Density

Microbial Community Structure Characterization by Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Analysis

Statistical Analysis

Spring Vegetative Biomass

Soil Moisture

Soil Total Organic Carbon and Total Nitrogen Content

Soil Nitrate and Electrical Conductivity

Fluorescein Diacetate Hydrolytic Activity

Soil Microbial Populations

Soil Microbial Community Structure.

Soybean Yield

Chapter 11 USE OF MICROARRAYS TO STUDY ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT ORGANISMS: A UK PERSPECTIVE

FUNDING

INFRASTRUCTURE

GENOMIC SEQUENCING

MICROARRAY DESIGN AND FABRICATION

ANALYSING THE RESULTS OF MICROARRAY EXPERIMENTS

DATA ANALYSIS AND LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT

NON-MODEL ORGANISM CASE STUDY 1: THE COCCOLITHOVIRUS MICROARRAY

The Science

The Array

The Research

CASE STUDY 2: GENE DISCOVERY AND SYSTEM-WIDE OVERVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS RESPONSES IN THE COMMON CARP

Chapter 12 METAGENOMICS AND DIRECTED EVOLUTION APPROACHES FOR BIOLEACHING MICROORGANISMS: A REVIEW

2. MECHANISMS OF BIOLEACHING

3. BIOLEACHING PROCESSES FOR RECOVERY OF METALS

3.1. Heap Bioleaching

3.2. Tank Bioleaching

4. DIVERSITY OF BIOLEACHING MICROORGANISMS

5. ADVANTAGES OF APPLICATION OF METAGENOMICS APPROACHES FOR BIOLEACHING MICROORGANISMS

6. ADVANTAGES OF APPLICATION OF DIRECTED EVOLUTION APPROACHES FOR BIOLEACHING MICROORGANISMS

Chapter 13 GEOCHEMISTRY OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE: A REVIEW

2. SOURCES OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE AND ITS IMPACT

3. BASIC CHEMISTRY OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE

4. CONTRIBUTING FACTORS OF ACID MINE DRAINAGE

4.1 Primary / Generation Factors

4.1.1. Sulphide Minerals

4.1.2. Water

4.1.3. Oxygen

4.1.4. Bacteria/ Microenvironment

4.1.5. pH

4.2. Secondary Factors/ Chemical Control Factors: Neutralizing Carbonate Minerals

4.3. Tertiary Factors/Physical Factors

4.3.1. Lithology

4.3.2. Mineralogy and Crystallinity

4.3.3. Particle Size and Trace Element Content

4.3.4. Permeability

4.3.5. Mine site hydrology

5. AMD PREVENTION TECHNOLOGY.

CONCLUSIONS

Chapter 14 PHYTOCAPPING: AN INNOVATIVE TECHNIQUE TO REDUCE METHANE EMISSION FROM LANDFILLS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Chapter 15 THE PLANT PATHOLOGY OF NATIVE PLANT RESTORATION

2. PERENNIALS, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AND RESTORATION

3. "PLANT-SOIL FEEDBACK" AND RESTORATION

4. RESTORATION, NITROGEN AND PLANT PATHOGENS

5. MYCORRHIZAE AND PLANT PATHOGENS, HAVE WE OVERLOOKED PART OF THE BIOTIC LANDSCAPE?

Chapter 16 INTERACTIVE TOXICITY OF BINARY MIXTURES TO DAPHNIA MAGNA STRAUS AND STENOCYPRIS WERNERI DADAY: A NEW CONCEPT FOR PREDICTING JOINT ACTION OF SIMILARLY AND DISSIMILARLY ACTING CHEMICALS

2. MATERIALS AND METHODS

2.1. Chemicals

2.2. Experimental Animals

2.3. Experimental Approach

2.4. Toxicity Bioassay

3. RESULTS

3.1. Single Substance Toxicity

3.2. Mixture Toxicity

3.2.1. Results of Joint Action Based on Cotoxicity Factor (TF) Concept (Formula No. 1)

3.2.2. Results of Joint Action Based on Concentration Addition (CA) Concept (Formula No. 2)

3.2.3. Results of Joint Action Based on Response Addition (IA) Concept (Formula No. 3)

3.2.4. Comparison of Joint Action Results

4. DISCUSSION

4.1. Single - Substance Toxicity

4.2. Model Adequacy Predicting Combined Effects

Chapter 17 THOUGHTS FOR STREAM RESTORATION: LINK BETWEEN RIPARIAN, INSTREAM VEGETATION AND MACROINVERTEBRATES

1.1. Macroinvertebrates

1.1.2. Macroinvertebrates as Biological Indicators

1.1.3. Role of Macroinvertebrate as Functional Feeding Groups in Streams

1.2. Macrophytes

1.2.1. Factors Controlling Macrophyte Growth.

1.2.2. Effects of Macrophytes on Stream Conditions.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-62100-156-3

OCLC:

777548988