Horizons in world cardiovascular research Volume 3 / Eleanor H. Bennington, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Bennington, Eleanor H.

Series:

Horizons in world cardiovascular research series ; v. 3.

Horizons in world cardiovascular research, 2157-6130 ; v. 3

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cardiovascular system--Diseases.

Cardiovascular system.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (247 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2012.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Cardiovascular disease refers to the class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. Chronic heart failure (CHF) has emerged as a major world-wide epidemic. This book gathers the research in cardiovascular disease with a focus on such topics as electrical restitution and ventricular tachyarrhythmia, and more.

Contents:

Intro

HORIZONS IN WORLD CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH

CONTENTS

PREFACE

ELECTRICAL RESTITUTION AND VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIA: PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Introduction

Original Studies

Follow-Ups

Restitution Hypothesis: Formulation and the First Evidence to Support

APD Alternans

Methodological Issues

APD Restitution Curve: Reconstruction and Analysis

Which Stimulation Protocol Is Better?

Pacing Cycle Length

APD during Steady-State Pacing

Location of Pacing Site

Temperature-Dependent changes

Effects of Multiple Premature Extrastimuli

Cellular Mechanisms of Electrical Restitution

Incomplete Recovery of Ionic Currents

Inward Currents (INa and ICa)

The Delayed Rectifier (IK)

The Transient Outward K+ Current (Ito)

The Inward Na+-Ca2+ Exchange Current (INa-Ca)

Which Ionic Current Is the Most Important for APD Restitution?

Changes in Intracellular and Extracellular Ion Concentrations

Spatial Heterogeneities in Electrical Restitution

Tissue-Specific Heterogeneities of APD Restitution: Ventricular Muscle vs. Purkinje Fibers

Electrical Restitution Properties In Cardiac Disease

Electrical Restitution Properties: the Impact of Various Pathophysiological Factors

Sympathetic stimulation

Parasympathetic stimulation

Myocardial ischemia

Myocardial stretch

Changes in extracellular ions concentration

Extracellular K+

Extracellular Ca2+

Pharmacological Modulation of Electrical Restitution: Computational and Experimental Studies

Ca2+ Channel Antagonists

Na+ Channel Antagonists

Class III Antiarrhythmic Agents (IK Blockers)

Antiarrhythmic Drugs with Complex Mechanism of Action

K+ Channel Openers

Excitation-Contraction Uncoupling Agents.

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Store-Depleting Agents

Nitric Oxide (NO) Donors

The Restitution Hypothesis: Shortcomings and Criticism

Conduction Velocity Restitution

Cardiac Memory

Electrotonic Effects

Cardiac Anatomy

Spatial Repolarization Gradients

The Size of the Central Core around which the Spiral Wave is Rotated

Spiral Wave Collisions

Abnormal Ca2+ Cycling

Electrical Restitution and Vulnerability to Reentry

Slope Values: Are They Always Measured Correctly?

Conclusion

References

SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF CHRONIC ISCHEMIC MITRAL REGURGITATION

Consequences of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation

Evidence for More Aggressive Management of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation

Mechanisms of Ischemic MR

Outcomes of Repair in Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation

Types of Repair for Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation

Conclusions

PLATELET BIOLOGY IN PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES: CLINICAL RISK CONSIDERATIONS

Background

Platelets in Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

Platelets and Inflammation

Platelets and Dyslipidemia

Platelets and Diabetes

Platelets and Smoking

Platelets and Hypertension

Platelets and OSA

Platelets and Coronary Artery Disease

Platelets and Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

Platelets and PAD

HOME HOSPITAL CARE FOR CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE: PORTLAND VA MEDICAL CENTER PROGRAM @ HOME

Development of Program at Home and Process of Care for Patients with CHF

Results

Discussion

Recommendations

Acknowledgment

A REVIEW OF INTRAOPERATIVE TRANSESOPHAGEAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY FOR NONCARDIAC SURGERY

Indications

Comparison of Pulmonary Artery Catheter and TEE

Complications

Training and Proficiency.

The Role of Transthoracic Echocardiography

THE INCIDENCE OF SECONDARY HEART TUMOURS IN DOGS AND CATS

Material and Methods

Cases

Post-mortem Examination and Specimens

Histopathology and Immunohistochemistry (IHC)

Cardiac Neoplasms in Dogs

Clinical Findings

Pathological Findings

Cardiac Neoplasms in Cats

THE ROLE OF HMGB1 IN CARDIAC DYSFUNCTION DURING SEPTIC SHOCK

Mechanism of Sepsis-Related Cardiac Dysfunction

The Role of HMGB1 in Sepsis and as a Potential Therapeutic Target

IMAGE-DRIVEN COMPUTATIONAL MODELS OF THE HEART FOR TETRALOGY OF FALLOT

1.Introduction

2.QuantifyingCardiacDeformationfromImages

2.1.Background

2.2.Physiologically-ConstrainedImageRegistrationMethod

2.2.1.EfficientDiffeomorphicImageRegistrationwithLog-DomainDemons

2.2.2.IntegrationofCardiacElasticityConstraint

2.2.3.IntegrationofCardiacNear-IncompressibilityConstraint

2.2.4.EstimationofMyocardiumStrain

2.3.ResultonaPatientwithRepairedTetralogyofFallot

2.4.Discussion

3.StatisticalModelofRightVentricleGrowthandRemodelling

3.1.EstimationofaRepresentativeTemplateoftheRightVentricle

3.1.1.ClinicalDataoftheStudy

3.1.2.UnbiasedTemplateoftheRightVentricle

3.2.AGenerativeModelofRightVentricleGrowthandRemodelling

3.2.1.ModelDimensionReduction

3.2.2.CorrelationAnalysis

3.3.GeneralisationoftheRightVentricleGrowthModel

3.4.Discussion

4.PersonalisedSimulationofPulmonaryValveReplacement

4.1.PersonalisedModelofCardiacElectromechanicsinrToF

4.1.1.CardiacAnatomyModel

4.1.2.CardiacElectrophysiologyModel

4.1.3.CardiacBiomechanicsModel.

4.1.4.CardiacHemodynamicsModelandBoundaryConditions

4.2.Real-TimeSimulationofPulmonaryValveReplacement

4.3.ExperimentandResults

4.3.1.ElectromechanicalModelPersonalisation

4.3.2.PreoperativeSimulation

4.3.3.SimulationofPVRwithRVVolumeReduction

4.4.Discussion

5.Conclusion

Acknowledgement

DIETARY INTERVENTION FOR ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME

1. Synopsis

2. Introduction

2.1. Prevalence of Risk Factors for ACS

Inflammation And ACS

2.2. ACS and Autoimmunity

3. Macronutrients

3.1. Energy

3.2. Dietary Fats

Total Fat

Poly-Unsatrurated Fats

Trans Fatty Acids

Saturated Fat

Cholesterol

Alpha-Lipoic Acid

3.3. Proteins

3.4. Carbohydrates

Dietary Fiber

Fruit and Vegetables

The Mediterranean Diet

4. Micronutrients

4.1. Antioxidants

4.2. Antioxidant Vitamins

4.3. Lycopene

4.4. Carnitine

4.5. Coenzyme Q10

4.6. Trace Elements

5. Phytochemicals

Resveratrol

6. Dairy Foods and Calcium

7. Red Palm Oil

8. Curcumin

INDEX.

Notes:

"Nova biomedical."

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-62417-525-2

OCLC:

923666557