My Account Log in

1 option

Handbook of clinical neuroepidemiology / Valery L. Feigin and Derrick A. Bennett, editors.

Ebook Central Academic Complete Available online

View online
Format:
Book
Contributor:
Feigin, Valery L.
Bennett, Derrick A.
Language:
English
Subjects (All):
Nervous system--Diseases--Epidemiology.
Nervous system.
Physical Description:
1 online resource (700 p.)
Edition:
1st ed.
Place of Publication:
New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2007.
Language Note:
English
Summary:
In recent years there have been significant advances in the knowledge of risk factors, gene-environment interactions, incidence, prevalence, outcomes, and prevention strategies of many neurological disorders. These advances have been accompanied by developments in study design methodologies and statistical analysis. This handbook bridges the gap between current neuroepidemiological knowledge and its evidence-based application in everyday practice.
Contents:
Intro
HANDBOOK OF CLINICALNEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
BASICS OF NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
CHAPTER 1. FUNDAMENTAL STATISTICAL ANDEPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS
ABSTRACT
FUNDAMENTALS OF STATISTICS
Sampling
Estimation
Types of Data, Presentation of Data
SUMMARISING CONTINUOUS DATA
The Mean, Median and Mode
Measures of Variation
Summarising Categorical Data
Frequency Distributions
The Normal Distribution and Sampling Distributions
Standard Normal Distribution
Standardising
Statistical Inference
Sampling Distributions
Properties of the Sampling Distribution of the Mean
The Central Limit Theorem
Confidence Interval for a Mean
Confidence Interval for a Categorical Variable
Interpretation of Confidence Intervals
Hypothesis Testing
Example
Two-sided alternative hypothesis
Results of Hypothesis Testing
Type I and Type II Errors
Significance Levels
Summary
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY DESIGNS
Experimental Studies
Parallel versus Crossover Randomized Controlled Trials
Parallel trials can take several difference forms
Non-Experimental (Observational) Studies
Rates, Ratios, Numerator and Denominator
Incidence and Prevalence
Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional and Survey Studies
Ecological Studies
Case-Control Studies
Case-Reports or Case-Series
INTERPRETING EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES
Sample Size
Ethical Issues
BIAS IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY DESIGNS
Practical Ways to Control for Bias in Non-Experimental Studies
Practical Ways to Control for Bias in Experimental Studies
Mendelian Randomisation Studies
SOME COMMON STATISTICAL TESTS.
Comparison of Means in Two Related (Paired) Samples - Paired T-Test(One-Sample T-Test)
Examples
Comparison of the Means of Two Independent Groups - Independent TTest(2-Sample T-Test)
Comparison of Categorical Data
Comparison of Proportions from Two Independent Groups
Chi Squared Test
Comparison of Proportions from Two Related Groups
SOME MORE ADVANCED STATISTICAL TESTS
Comparison of More Than Two Means (ANOVA)
Assumptions of Analysis of Variance
Transformations
Transformations to Normalise Distributions
Transformations to Eliminate Heterogeneity of Variance
Non-Parametric Tests
CORRELATION
Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient
Significance Test for Correlation Coefficient
Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient
REGRESSION BASED METHODS
Linear Regression
Multiple Linear Regression
Multiple Correlation
Assumptions of Multiple Linear Regression
Checking the Assumptions
The Relationship between Multiple Regression and ANOVA
Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
Logistic Regression
Survival Times and Cox Regression
Displaying Survival Times
Cox Proportional Hazards Regression
Poisson Regression and Mixed Model Regression
Effect Modification
CAUSALITY AND CRITICAL APPRAISAL
Criteria for Causation
Strength of Evidence for Causality
Critical Appraisal
META-ANALYSIS
Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Meta-Analysis of Non-Randomised Studies
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
RECOMMENDED FURTHER READING
CLINICAL DISORDERS
CHAPTER 2. CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS
INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE
Stroke
Transient Ischemic Attack
RISK FACTORS
Medical and Environmental Risk Factors
Hereditary/Genetic Risk Factors.
Stroke Prevention Strategies
STROKE OUTCOMES
Survival
Functional Outcomes
MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
CHAPTER 3. MIGRAINE
CASE DEFINITION
EPIDEMIOLOGY
Incidence
Prevalence
Prevalence by Age and Gender
Prevalence by Race and Geographic Region
Prevalence by Socioeconomic Status
THE IMPACT OF MIGRAINE
Societal Impact
Direct Costs
Indirect Costs
Individual Impact
Attack Characteristics
Health-Related Quality of Life
Perspectives on Treatment Options and Cost Effective Intervention
CHAPTER 4. EPILEPSY
DEFINITIONS OF SEIZURES AND EPILEPSY
INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF EPILEPSY
Methodological Issues
Quality of Epidemiological Reports
Differentiation between Epilepsy, single Seizures and acute SymptomaticSeizures
Type of Study
Population
Selection Criteria
Epidemiological Surveys in Developing Countries
Epidemiological Indexes
INCIDENCE OF EPILEPSY AND UNPROVOKED SEIZURES
Incidence by Age
Incidence by Gender
Incidence by Etiology
Temporal Trends
Incidence by Seizure Type
Incidence by Race
Incidence of Epileptic Syndromes
Cumulative Incidence
Incidence by Socio-economic Status
Incidence and Etiology of Acute Symptomatic and Isolated Seizures
PREVALENCE OF EPILEPSY
Prevalence by Age
Prevalence by Gender
Prevalence by Etiology
Prevalence by Race
Prevalence by Seizure Type
Prevalence of Epileptic Syndromes
Prevalence by Socio-economic Class
ETIOLOGY OF EPILEPSY
Timing of the Seizure(s)
Incidence and Prevalence of Acute and Remote Symptomatic Seizures andEpilepsy
Accuracy and Validity of the Diagnostic Assessment.
Genetic Epidemiology of Epilepsy
Mechanisms of Inheritance in Epilepsy
Acquired Causes of Epilepsy
Prenatal and Perinatal Risk Factors
Cerebral Palsy and Mental Retardation
CNS Infections
Dementia
Cerebrovascular Disease
Vascular Malformations
Demyelinating Disorders
Head Trauma
Brain Tumors
Neurosurgery
Effect of Treatment in the Primary Prevention of Seizures and Epilepsy
Incidence and Common Causes of Acute Symptomatic Seizures
PROGNOSIS OF EPILEPSY AND EFFICACY OF TREATMENT
Overall Prognosis of Epilepsy
Early Prognosis of Unprovoked Seizures and Epilepsy
Prognosis after the first Unprovoked Seizure
Risk Factors for Relapse of a first Unprovoked Seizure
Treatment, Risk of Recurrence and Long-term Prognosis of a first Seizure
Prognosis of Untreated Epilepsy
Prognosis of newly Diagnosed Epilepsy
Principal Prognostic Predictors
Prognosis of Epilepsy Syndromes
Antiepileptic Drugs and Seizure Outcome
Prognosis of Epilepsy after Treatment Withdrawal
Factors Predicting Seizure Relapse after Treatment Withdrawal
Psychosocial Outcome
MORTALITY OF EPILEPSY
Mortality Rate of Epilepsy
Overall Mortality in Epilepsy
Mortality of Epilepsy in Selected Clinical Conditions
Mortality after a First Seizure
Predictors of Mortality in Epilepsy
Mortality in Epilepsy Associated to Selected Clinical Conditions
Mortality in Developing Countries
CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 5. LOW BACK PAIN
DEFINITION
INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF LOW BACK PAIN
NATURAL HISTORY
Individual Risk Factors
Psychosocial Risk Factors
Occupational Risk Factors
MEDICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC OUTCOMES
CONCLUSION.
REFRENCES
CHAPTER 6. DEMENTIA
DEFINITIONS
VASCULAR CONTRIBUTION TO DEMENTIA
TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AS A RISK FACTOR FORALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF TBI
POST-MORTEM AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES
CHAPTER 7. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
Incidence and Mortality Rates
Causation
Exposure Risk Characteristics
Classification of Severity
Mechanisms of Head Injury
Neuromechanical Aspects
Neurochemical Aspects
Imaging and Clinical Neuropathology
PRIMARY HEAD INJURIES
Focal Injuries
Intracranial Hemorrhage
Diffuse Injuries
Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)
Secondary Head Injury
PREHOSPITAL MANAGEMENT
General and Neurological Examination on Admission
Neurological Examination
Associated Systemic Injuries
Radiological Investigations
Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment
Neurosurgical Intensive Care
Neurosurgical Treatment
Scalp Wounds
Fractures
Intracranial Hematomas
Neurointensive Care Management
Head Position
Neurological condition and repeated CT scan
Oxygenation and blood pressure
Intracranial pressure monitoring
Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
Mannitol
Steroids
Long-term Neurological Complications
Infection
Seizure
Post-Concussion Syndrome
Evidence-based Guidelines in Neurotrauma Care
REHABILITATION
PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME
PREVENTATIVE STRATEGY
CHAPTER 8. PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
DEFINITIONS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF POLYNEUROPATHIES
Overall Incidence and Prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy
GENETIC NEUROPATHIES.
Charcot Marie Tooth syndrome (also known as hereditary motor/sensoryneuropathies).
Notes:
Description based upon print version of record.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN:
1-62257-582-2
OCLC:
846963227

The Penn Libraries is committed to describing library materials using current, accurate, and responsible language. If you discover outdated or inaccurate language, please fill out this feedback form to report it and suggest alternative language.

Find

Home Release notes

My Account

Shelf Request an item Bookmarks Fines and fees Settings

Guides

Using the Find catalog Using Articles+ Using your account