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Handbook of clinical neuroepidemiology / Valery L. Feigin and Derrick A. Bennett, editors.
- Format:
- Book
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Nervous system--Diseases--Epidemiology.
- Nervous system.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (700 p.)
- Edition:
- 1st ed.
- Place of Publication:
- New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2007.
- Language Note:
- English
- Summary:
- In recent years there have been significant advances in the knowledge of risk factors, gene-environment interactions, incidence, prevalence, outcomes, and prevention strategies of many neurological disorders. These advances have been accompanied by developments in study design methodologies and statistical analysis. This handbook bridges the gap between current neuroepidemiological knowledge and its evidence-based application in everyday practice.
- Contents:
- Intro
- HANDBOOK OF CLINICALNEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA
- CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- BASICS OF NEUROEPIDEMIOLOGY
- CHAPTER 1. FUNDAMENTAL STATISTICAL ANDEPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONCEPTS
- ABSTRACT
- FUNDAMENTALS OF STATISTICS
- Sampling
- Estimation
- Types of Data, Presentation of Data
- SUMMARISING CONTINUOUS DATA
- The Mean, Median and Mode
- Measures of Variation
- Summarising Categorical Data
- Frequency Distributions
- The Normal Distribution and Sampling Distributions
- Standard Normal Distribution
- Standardising
- Statistical Inference
- Sampling Distributions
- Properties of the Sampling Distribution of the Mean
- The Central Limit Theorem
- Confidence Interval for a Mean
- Confidence Interval for a Categorical Variable
- Interpretation of Confidence Intervals
- Hypothesis Testing
- Example
- Two-sided alternative hypothesis
- Results of Hypothesis Testing
- Type I and Type II Errors
- Significance Levels
- Summary
- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY DESIGNS
- Experimental Studies
- Parallel versus Crossover Randomized Controlled Trials
- Parallel trials can take several difference forms
- Non-Experimental (Observational) Studies
- Rates, Ratios, Numerator and Denominator
- Incidence and Prevalence
- Cohort Studies
- Cross-Sectional and Survey Studies
- Ecological Studies
- Case-Control Studies
- Case-Reports or Case-Series
- INTERPRETING EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES
- Sample Size
- Ethical Issues
- BIAS IN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY DESIGNS
- Practical Ways to Control for Bias in Non-Experimental Studies
- Practical Ways to Control for Bias in Experimental Studies
- Mendelian Randomisation Studies
- SOME COMMON STATISTICAL TESTS.
- Comparison of Means in Two Related (Paired) Samples - Paired T-Test(One-Sample T-Test)
- Examples
- Comparison of the Means of Two Independent Groups - Independent TTest(2-Sample T-Test)
- Comparison of Categorical Data
- Comparison of Proportions from Two Independent Groups
- Chi Squared Test
- Comparison of Proportions from Two Related Groups
- SOME MORE ADVANCED STATISTICAL TESTS
- Comparison of More Than Two Means (ANOVA)
- Assumptions of Analysis of Variance
- Transformations
- Transformations to Normalise Distributions
- Transformations to Eliminate Heterogeneity of Variance
- Non-Parametric Tests
- CORRELATION
- Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient
- Significance Test for Correlation Coefficient
- Spearman's Rank Correlation Coefficient
- REGRESSION BASED METHODS
- Linear Regression
- Multiple Linear Regression
- Multiple Correlation
- Assumptions of Multiple Linear Regression
- Checking the Assumptions
- The Relationship between Multiple Regression and ANOVA
- Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA)
- Logistic Regression
- Survival Times and Cox Regression
- Displaying Survival Times
- Cox Proportional Hazards Regression
- Poisson Regression and Mixed Model Regression
- Effect Modification
- CAUSALITY AND CRITICAL APPRAISAL
- Criteria for Causation
- Strength of Evidence for Causality
- Critical Appraisal
- META-ANALYSIS
- Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
- Meta-Analysis of Non-Randomised Studies
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- RECOMMENDED FURTHER READING
- CLINICAL DISORDERS
- CHAPTER 2. CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS
- INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE
- Stroke
- Transient Ischemic Attack
- RISK FACTORS
- Medical and Environmental Risk Factors
- Hereditary/Genetic Risk Factors.
- Stroke Prevention Strategies
- STROKE OUTCOMES
- Survival
- Functional Outcomes
- MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES
- CHAPTER 3. MIGRAINE
- CASE DEFINITION
- EPIDEMIOLOGY
- Incidence
- Prevalence
- Prevalence by Age and Gender
- Prevalence by Race and Geographic Region
- Prevalence by Socioeconomic Status
- THE IMPACT OF MIGRAINE
- Societal Impact
- Direct Costs
- Indirect Costs
- Individual Impact
- Attack Characteristics
- Health-Related Quality of Life
- Perspectives on Treatment Options and Cost Effective Intervention
- CHAPTER 4. EPILEPSY
- DEFINITIONS OF SEIZURES AND EPILEPSY
- INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF EPILEPSY
- Methodological Issues
- Quality of Epidemiological Reports
- Differentiation between Epilepsy, single Seizures and acute SymptomaticSeizures
- Type of Study
- Population
- Selection Criteria
- Epidemiological Surveys in Developing Countries
- Epidemiological Indexes
- INCIDENCE OF EPILEPSY AND UNPROVOKED SEIZURES
- Incidence by Age
- Incidence by Gender
- Incidence by Etiology
- Temporal Trends
- Incidence by Seizure Type
- Incidence by Race
- Incidence of Epileptic Syndromes
- Cumulative Incidence
- Incidence by Socio-economic Status
- Incidence and Etiology of Acute Symptomatic and Isolated Seizures
- PREVALENCE OF EPILEPSY
- Prevalence by Age
- Prevalence by Gender
- Prevalence by Etiology
- Prevalence by Race
- Prevalence by Seizure Type
- Prevalence of Epileptic Syndromes
- Prevalence by Socio-economic Class
- ETIOLOGY OF EPILEPSY
- Timing of the Seizure(s)
- Incidence and Prevalence of Acute and Remote Symptomatic Seizures andEpilepsy
- Accuracy and Validity of the Diagnostic Assessment.
- Genetic Epidemiology of Epilepsy
- Mechanisms of Inheritance in Epilepsy
- Acquired Causes of Epilepsy
- Prenatal and Perinatal Risk Factors
- Cerebral Palsy and Mental Retardation
- CNS Infections
- Dementia
- Cerebrovascular Disease
- Vascular Malformations
- Demyelinating Disorders
- Head Trauma
- Brain Tumors
- Neurosurgery
- Effect of Treatment in the Primary Prevention of Seizures and Epilepsy
- Incidence and Common Causes of Acute Symptomatic Seizures
- PROGNOSIS OF EPILEPSY AND EFFICACY OF TREATMENT
- Overall Prognosis of Epilepsy
- Early Prognosis of Unprovoked Seizures and Epilepsy
- Prognosis after the first Unprovoked Seizure
- Risk Factors for Relapse of a first Unprovoked Seizure
- Treatment, Risk of Recurrence and Long-term Prognosis of a first Seizure
- Prognosis of Untreated Epilepsy
- Prognosis of newly Diagnosed Epilepsy
- Principal Prognostic Predictors
- Prognosis of Epilepsy Syndromes
- Antiepileptic Drugs and Seizure Outcome
- Prognosis of Epilepsy after Treatment Withdrawal
- Factors Predicting Seizure Relapse after Treatment Withdrawal
- Psychosocial Outcome
- MORTALITY OF EPILEPSY
- Mortality Rate of Epilepsy
- Overall Mortality in Epilepsy
- Mortality of Epilepsy in Selected Clinical Conditions
- Mortality after a First Seizure
- Predictors of Mortality in Epilepsy
- Mortality in Epilepsy Associated to Selected Clinical Conditions
- Mortality in Developing Countries
- CONCLUSIONS
- CHAPTER 5. LOW BACK PAIN
- DEFINITION
- INCIDENCE AND PREVALENCE OF LOW BACK PAIN
- NATURAL HISTORY
- Individual Risk Factors
- Psychosocial Risk Factors
- Occupational Risk Factors
- MEDICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC OUTCOMES
- CONCLUSION.
- REFRENCES
- CHAPTER 6. DEMENTIA
- DEFINITIONS
- VASCULAR CONTRIBUTION TO DEMENTIA
- TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AS A RISK FACTOR FORALZHEIMER'S DISEASE
- NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF TBI
- POST-MORTEM AND HISTOLOGICAL STUDIES
- CHAPTER 7. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY
- Incidence and Mortality Rates
- Causation
- Exposure Risk Characteristics
- Classification of Severity
- Mechanisms of Head Injury
- Neuromechanical Aspects
- Neurochemical Aspects
- Imaging and Clinical Neuropathology
- PRIMARY HEAD INJURIES
- Focal Injuries
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Diffuse Injuries
- Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI)
- Secondary Head Injury
- PREHOSPITAL MANAGEMENT
- General and Neurological Examination on Admission
- Neurological Examination
- Associated Systemic Injuries
- Radiological Investigations
- Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment
- Neurosurgical Intensive Care
- Neurosurgical Treatment
- Scalp Wounds
- Fractures
- Intracranial Hematomas
- Neurointensive Care Management
- Head Position
- Neurological condition and repeated CT scan
- Oxygenation and blood pressure
- Intracranial pressure monitoring
- Cerebral Perfusion Pressure
- Mannitol
- Steroids
- Long-term Neurological Complications
- Infection
- Seizure
- Post-Concussion Syndrome
- Evidence-based Guidelines in Neurotrauma Care
- REHABILITATION
- PROGNOSIS AND OUTCOME
- PREVENTATIVE STRATEGY
- CHAPTER 8. PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY
- DEFINITIONS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY OF POLYNEUROPATHIES
- Overall Incidence and Prevalence of Peripheral Neuropathy
- GENETIC NEUROPATHIES.
- Charcot Marie Tooth syndrome (also known as hereditary motor/sensoryneuropathies).
- Notes:
- Description based upon print version of record.
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- ISBN:
- 1-62257-582-2
- OCLC:
- 846963227
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