Volatile organic compounds / Jonathan C. Hanks and Sara O. Louglin, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Hanks, Jonathan C.

Louglin, Sara O.

Series:

Environmental science, engineering and technology series.

Environmental science, engineering and technology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Volatile organic compounds--Environmental aspects.

Volatile organic compounds.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (200 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) refers to organic chemical compounds which have significant vapour pressures. This book presents research in volatile organic compounds, including the effect of transition metals on the reductive dechlorination of COCs by iron-bearing soil minerals.

Contents:

Intro

VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Contents

Preface

Reductive Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds by Iron-Bearing Soil Minerals and Phyllosilicates

Abstract

I. Introduction

II. Materials and Methods

II.1. Chemicals

II.2. Description of Experimental Procedures

II.2.1. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Iron Bearing Soil Minerals and Phyllosilicates

II.2.2. Effect of Transition Metal on Degradation of Chlorinated Organic Compounds by Iron-Bearing Soil Minerals

II.3. Description of Analytical Procedures

II.3.1. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Iron Bearing Soil Minerals and Phyllosilicates

II.3.2. Effect of Transition Metal on Degradation of Chlorinated Organic Compounds by Iron-Bearing Soil Minerals

III. Results and Discussion

III.1. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Iron Bearing Soil Minerals and Phyllosilicates

III.1.1. Treatment of Kinetic Data

III.1.2. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Pyrite

III.1.3. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Magnetite

III.1.4. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Green Rust

III.1.5. Abiotic Reductive Dechlorination of Chlorinated Ethylenes by Iron Bearing Phyllosilicate (Biotite, Vermiculite, and Momtmorillonite)

III.2. Effect of Transition Metal on Degradation of Chlorinated Organic Compounds by Iron-Bearing Soil Minerals

III.2.1. Dechlorination of Chlorinated Compounds by FeS with Transition Metal

III.2.2. Dechlorination of PCE by Green Rusts with Platinum

IV. Environmental Significance

Acknowledgments

References.

Photocatalytic Degradation of VOC Gases Considering Reactor Design for the Treatment of Decomposition Intermediates Using a Short Wavelength UV Light and Water Droplets

1. Introduction

2. Experimental and Methods

2.1. Application of UV254+185nm Irradiation to the VOC Degradation using TiO2 Photocatalyst

2.1.1. Phtoreactor and UV Sources

2.1.2. Catalyst Preparation

2.1.3. Experimental Procedure and Conditions

2.1.4. Analytical Methods

2.2. Application of an Air Washer with UV254+185nm/TiO2 Photocatalytic Reaction for VOC Degradation

2.2.1. Phtoreactor and UV Sources

2.2.2. Experimental Procedure and Conditions

2.2.3. Analytical Methods

2.3. Degradation of Organic Gases Using Ultrasonic Mist Generated from TiO2 Suspension

2.3.1. Generation of Ultrasonic Mist Containing Photocatalyst Particles (UMP)

2.3.2. Degradation of Organic Gases

2.3.3. Analytical Methods

3. Results and Discussions

3.1. Application of UV254+185nm Irradiation to the VOC Degradation using TiO2 Photocatalyst

3.1.1. Photochemical and Photocatalytic Degradation of Gaseous Toluene by TiO2 Catalyst with UV254+185nm Irradiation

3.1.2. Photodegradation of Gaseous Toluene by Irradiation of Different UV Sources in Presence of TiO2 Catalyst

1) Comparison of Conversion, Mineralization and Generation of Harmful Intermediates

2) Comparison of the Effect of Initial Concentration

3) Comparison of Catalyst Deactivation and Regeneration

3.1.3. Formation and Treatment of By-products

3.2. Application of an Air Washer with UV254+185nm/TiO2 Photocatalytic Reaction for VOC Degradation

3.2.1. Trapping Efficiency of the Air Washer

3.2.2. Photodegradation of NOx and Toluene with UV254+185nm Irradiation and the Water Solubility of Decomposition Products.

3.2.3. Treatment of NOx and Toluene with the UV254+185nm Irradiation System and the Air Washer

3.2.4. Evaluation of TiO2 Activity under UV254+185nm Irradiation

3.3. Degradation of Organic Gases Using Ultrasonic Mist Generated from TiO2 Suspension

3.3.1. Toluene Gas Removal

1) Photocatalytic Degradation

2) Effects of UV Wavelength

3) Trapping of Decomposition Intermediates

3.3.2. Effect of Various Organic Gases on Removal and Mineralization

3.3.3. Size Distribution of UMP

3.3.4. Degradation Mechanism for Organic Gases on UMP Surface

Conclusions

References

Catalytic Incineration of Volatile Organic Compounds

Introduction

2. The Preparation of Catalysts

2.1. Catalyst Materials

2.2. Carriers

2.3. Making the Finished Catalyst

2.4. Drying

2.5. Calcination and Activation

3. Effect of Operating Parameters

3.1. Catalyst Type

3.2. VOCs Type

3.3. Reaction Temperature

3.4. VOCs Concentration

3.5. Space Velocity

3.6. O2 Concentration

4. Poisoning

5. Kinetic Study

5.1. Differential Reactor Operation

5.2. Power-rate Law

5.3. Mars and van Krevelen Model

5.4. Langmuir-Hinshelwood Model

5.5. Verification of the Kinetic Model

Transport of VOCs in Polymers

1. Abstract

2. Transport through Polymer Membranes

2.1. Permeability of Polymer Membranes

2.2. Diffusion in Polymer Membranes

2.3. Sorption in Polymer Membranes

2.4. Dependence of Transport Parameters on Temperature

2.5. Correlation of Transport Parameters with Thermodynamic Critical Quantities

3. Experimental Methods for Determination of Vapour Transport in Polymers

3.1. Time-Lag Permeation

3.2. Differential Permeation Method

3.3. Gravimetric Sorption Method

3.4. Pervaporation

Conclusion

Sources and Elimination of Volatile Organic Compounds

Effects on Environment and Health

The Photochemical Smog

Indoor Pollution

Methods of Reduction and Treatments of VOCs Emissions

Primary Techniques

Secondary Techniques

Recovery Technologies

Adsorption

Condensation

Separation by Membrane

Destruction Technologies

Bio-filtration

Incineration or Oxidation

In-Vivo Analysis of Palm Wine (Elaeis Guineensis) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) by Proton Transfer Reaction-Mass Spectrometry

2. Materials and Methods

2.1. Materials

2.2. Panelists

2.3. Proton Transfer Reaction- Mass Spectrometry of Palm Wine

2.4. PTR-MS of Pure Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

2.5. In Vivo Flavor Release Analysis

2.6. PTR-MS Data Analysis

3. Results and Discussion

3.1. Fragmentation Patterns in Palm Wine

3.2. PTR-MS Headspace of Palm Wine

3.3. The In - Mouth Situation

Index.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

ISBN:

1-62257-131-2

OCLC:

836848773