Gold mining : formation and resource estimation, economics and environmental impact / Melanie D. Corral and Jared L. Earle, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Corral, Melanie D.

Earle, Jared L.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Gold mines and mining.

Gold ores.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (241 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Gold, a chemical element with the symbol Au, is a highly sought-after precious metal, having been used as money, in jewelry, in sculpture, and for ornamentation since the beginning of recorded history. The metal occurs as nuggets or grains in rocks, in veins and in alluvial deposits. Gold mining consists of the processes and techniques employed in the removal of gold from the ground. There are several techniques by which gold may be extracted from the Earth. Since the 1880s, South Africa has been the source for a large proportion of the world's gold supply, with about 50% of all gold ever produced having come from South Africa. Other major producers are the United States, Australia, China, Russia and Peru. The world's oceans also hold a vast amount of gold, but in very low concentrations. At current consumption rates, the supply of gold is believed to last 45 years. This book will present current research on gold mining including methodologies for discovering new deposits of gold as well as economic and environmental issues.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Understanding Formation Mechanisms of Gold Deposits by Means of Computational Geoscience Methodology

Computational Geosciences Research Centre, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Controlling Processes Associated with Ore Body Formation and Mineralization within

the Upper Crust of the Earth

3. Understanding Some Typical Kinds of Dynamic Mechanisms of Ore Body Formation and Mineralization Using the Computational Geoscience Methodology

3.1. General Patterns of Ore Body Formation and Mineralization

Associated with Convective Pore-fluid Flow within Hydrothermal Systems

3.2. General Patterns of Gold Mineralization Associated with

Convective Pore-fluid Flow within Layered Hydrothermal Systems

3.3. General Patterns of Ore Body Formation and Mineralization

Associated with Focusing and Mixing of Pore-fluids within

Two-dimensional Geological Fault Zones

4. Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

An Outlook of GIS Applications

in Mineral Resource Estimation

Department of Geology and Geological Engineering,

Colorado School of Mines

1516 Illinois St. Golden, CO 80401

Introduction

A Case Study of GIS Application in Gold Mining

Data Collection

Geology of Nome Area

Glaciations

Economic Geology

Geodatabase Development

Nome Offshore Gold Resource Analysis

Information Query

Data Visualization

Sediment Data Analysis

Gold Distribution with Sediment Type

Spatial Gold Distribution

Resource Estimation

Geostatistical Analysis

Data Characterization

Outliers

Interpolation Approaches

Interpolations Assessment

Comparison of Ore Tonnage

Web-Based GIS

Software

Web Server

Clients Viewers

ArcIMS Manager.

Website of Nome Offshore Mineral Resource Management and Utilization

Conclusions

Acknowledgement

Articles in Journals

Books

Edited Books

Reports and Theses

Conference Symposiums

Electronic Media

The Influence of Gold Mining Industry on the Pollution of Roşia Montană District

Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry,

University of Bucharest, 4-12 Regina Elisabeta Blvd.,

030018, Bucharest-3, Romania

Study Area Description

Topography

Climate

Geology

Hydrogeology and Hydrology

History of Mining in Roşia Montană Area

Results and Discusion

Reference

Economic Evaluation of Gold Mining Projects: From Static Discounted

Cash Flow to Real Options

1 Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, FDA Building, 3450 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2A7, Canada.

2 AMEC Americas Ltd., 111 Dunsmuir Street, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6B 5W3 Canada.

Conventional Evaluation Techniques

Real Options Valuation

Valuing a Gold Mining Project

Financial Analysis Using the Static NPV Technique

Financial Analysis Using ROV

Analysis of Results

Conclusion

Gold Mining in Ghana

1 CSIR-Water Research Institute, P. O. Box M32, Accra, Ghana

2 Geology Department, University of Ghana, P. O. Box Legon

Forms of Gold Occurrence

Mining and Processing Methods

Geological Setting of Auriferous Areas

The Birimian

The Tarkwaian

Artisanal Mining

Environmental Challenges of mining in Ghana

Land Degradation

Depletion of Water Bodies

Pollution of Water Bodies

Acid Mine Drainage

Trace Metal Pollution

Contamination from Chemical Agents

Used in Gold Recovery

Cyanide

Conclusion.

References

Environmental Impact and Health Risk

of Gold Mining in Ghana

Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology,

Kumasi, Ghana

Surface Mining

Underground Mining

Small Scale Mining

Regulatory Environmental Practices

Gold Boom in Ghana

Environmental Impacts of Mining

Air

Vegetation and Forest Degradation

Surface Water

Soils and Foodcrops

Human Health

Summary

Hydrothermal Alteration Geochemistry of the Betam Gold Deposit, South Eastern Desert, Egypt: Mass-Volume-Mineralogical Changes and Stable Isotope Systematics*

Geologic and Structural Setting

Gold Mineralization

Hydrothermal Alteration

The Distal Chlorite-Calcite Zone (Chlorite+Calcite±Biotite±Pyrite±Sericite±Epidote)

The Intermediate Sericite-Chlorite Zone (Sericite+Chlorite+Pyrite±Biotite)

The Proximal Pyrite-Sericite Zone (Quartz+Pyrite+Sericite±Albite)

Geochemistry of the Altered Wallrocks

Elemental Changes Associated with Different Types of Alteration

Alteration Diagrams

Whole Rock δ18O Values

δ34S Values of Sulfides

Alteration Model

Discussion

Mineralization Type and Hydrothermal Alteration Characteristics

Stable Isotope Systematics

Evolving Economic Marginality and Local Economic Development Responses in Selected South African Gold and Coal Mining Areas*

De-industrialisation, Job Loss and Local Response

Recent Trends in South Africa's Gold and Coal Industry

Local Response to Economic Crises

The Response of Welkom in the Free State Goldfields

The Response of the Local Authority

Other Initiatives

The Response of Utrecht in the KwaZulu-Natal Coalfields

The Initial Local Government Response

The Game Reserve.

Arts and Crafts Association

The Game Farm

Phytochelatins in Wild Plants from Guanajuato City - an Important Silver and Gold Mining Center in Mexico*

Experimental Design

Capability of the Wild Plants Chronically Exposed to Low or Moderate Concentrations of Metals in Soil for the Induction of Phytochelatins

Specific Role of Metals in the Production of Phytochelatins in Plants, Naturally Exposed to a Wide Range of Elements

Soil Parameters in Relation to the Induction

of PCs in Wild Plants

Index

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-61728-428-9

OCLC:

662453147