Energy research developments : tidal energy, energy efficiency and solar energy / Kenneth F. Johnson and Thomas R. Veliotti, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Johnson, Kenneth F., 1965-

Veliotti, Thomas R.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Renewable energy sources--Research.

Renewable energy sources.

Ocean wave power.

Energy conservation.

Solar energy.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (396 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Energy fuels modern society, though it is often taken for granted. This book presents leading research on energy from around the world with an emphasis on tidal energy, energy efficiency and solar energy.

Contents:

Intro

ENERGY RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS:TIDAL ENERGY, ENERGY EFFICIENCYAND SOLAR ENERGY

CONTENTS

PREFACE

MULTIPLE EFFECT DISTILLATION OF SEAWATERWATER USING SOLAR ENERGY - THE CASEOF ABU DHABI SOLAR DESALINATION PLANT

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. History of Abu Dhabi Solar Desalination Plant

3. Description of Abu Dhabi Solar Desalination Plant

3.1. Plant Description

3.1.1. The Solar Heat Collector Subsystem

3.1.2. The Heat Accumulator Subsystem

3.1.3. MED Evaporator Subsystem

3.2. Design Features

4. Measurements and Data Acquisition System

4.1. Measuring the Heat Collected in Block F

5. Data Analysis

5.1. Calculating the Solar Radiation on Absorber Plate

5.2. Calculating the Amount of Heat Collected and Collector Outlet WaterTemperature

5.3. Calculating the Performance of the Evaporator

5.3.1. Calculating the Brine Concentration for Each Effect

5.3.2. OHTC of Heater (First Effect)

5.3.3. Average OHTC of Other Evaporator Effects

5.3.4. Average OHTC of Preheaters

5.3.5. OHTC of Condenser

5.3.6. Evaporator Economy

6. Weather Condition in Abu Dhabi

7. Operating Characteristics

7.1. Heat Collecting Subsystem

7.1.1. Heat Collector Efficiency

Instantaneous Heat Collection Efficiency

7.1.2. Daily Heat Collection Efficiency

7.2. Heat Accumulator System

7.2.1. Heat Loss from the Heat Accumulator

7.2.2. Thermal Stratification Ratio

7.3. Evaporating System

7.3.1. Evaporator Performance

Overall Heat Transfer Coefficients

7.4. Performance of the Plant

8. Plant Maintenance and Modifications

8.1. Heat Collecting System

8.1.1. Cleaning the Solar Collector Field

8.1.2. Corrosion of the Collector Air Vent Valves

8.1.3. Vacuum Loss Inside Glass Tubes

8.1.4. Scale Prevention.

8.1.5. Anti-corrosion Chemical for Use in the Heat Collecting Water

8.1.6. Measures against Power Failure

8.2. Evaporating System

8.2.1. Evaporator Pump Maintenance

8.2.2. Inspection of the Evaporator

8.2.3. Change in Operating Sequence

8.2.4. Modification of the System for Injecting Anti-scale Chemical

8.2.5. Modification of the Method of Feeding Sealing

Water to the Priming Vacuum Pump

9. Simulation Program and its Validation

9.1. Simulation Program

9.1.1. Outline

9.1.2. Flow Chart of the SOLDES Program

9.1.3. Program Input and Output Data

9.1.4. Mathematical Models

9.2. Comparison of Simulation and Actually Measured Values

10. Evaluation of the Test Plant

10.1. Optimum Operating Conditions

10.2. Simulation Results

10.3. Evaluation of the Solar Plant

11. Economic Considerations and Comparisonwith Conventional MED Plants

11.1. Basic Economic Parameters

11.2. Capital Equipment Cost

11.2.1. Capital Cost of MED Evaporator

11.2.2. Capital Cost of Solar Thermal Collectors

11.2.3. Capital Cost of Heat Accumulator

11.2.4. Capital Cost of Steam Generator for Conventional MED Systems

11.2.5. Capital Cost of Diesel Generator

11.3. Operation and Maintenance Expenses

11.3.1. Consumable Chemical Expenses

11.3.2. Electrical Energy Consumption

11.3.3. Spare Parts Cost

11.3.4. Personnel Cost

11.4. Estimating the Cost of Water Produced

12. Results of the Economic Study

Acknowledgement

Conclusion

Nomenclature

Greek symbols

Subscripts

Appendix. Physical Properties of Seawater

References

DYNAMICS AND ENERGETICS OF THE M2 SURFACEAND INTERNAL TIDES IN THE ARCTIC OCEAN:SOME MODEL RESULTS

2. The Model

3. Model Results

4. Conclusion

TIDAL POWER- MOVING AHEAD

Introduction.

Tidal Barrages

Tidal Lagoons

Tidal Turbines

Tidal Current Turbines around the World

The Prospects for Tidal Power

Conclusions: Issues and Options

NEW SOLID MEDIUM FOR ELECTROCHEMISTRYAND ITS APPLICATION TO DYE-SENSITIZEDSOLAR CELLS

Introduction

Properties of Polysaccharide Solids Containing Excess Water

Solid Medium for Electrochemistry

Overview for Electrochemistry in Solid

Electrochemical Characteristics in Polysaccharide Solid Media

Conclusive Remarks

Ionically Conductive Solid of Polysaccharide

Overview for Ionically Conductive Solid

Ionic Conductivity of Polysaccharide Solids

A Solid Medium wherein Molecular Diffusion Takes Place theSame as in a Liquid but Convection ss Prohibited

Molecular Diffusion and Bulk Convection

Prohibition of Bulk Convection in Polysaccharide Solids

Application of Polysaccharide Solids to a Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell and its Solidification

Experimental and Results for Solid-Type Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell

Conclusion and Future Scopes

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATIONOF A MULTI-STAGE SOLAR STILL

Greek Letters

Position of the Problem

Experimental Setup and Measurement Device

Results

Influence of the Heat Flux Density

Influence of the Temperature of Feed Water

Influence of the Water Feed Flow Rate

Determination of the Production of a Multi-Stage Solar Distiller

DESIGN AND SIZING OF A DIGESTERCOUPLED TO AN AIR SOLAR COLLECTOR

Family Digestor

Operating Basis

Description

The Sizing

Low Temperature Solar System

Operating Principle

Solar Collector.

Heat Storage in the Packed Bed

Sizing

Estimation of Biogaz Production

FLUID INCLUSION MICROTHERMOMETRY AND GASCHEMISTRY IN GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM, JAPANAND ITS APPLICATION FOR THE STUDYOF FLUID EVOLUTION

2. Microthermometry

2.1. Estimation of Reservoir Temperature

2.2. Evaluation of Geothermal Potential

3. GAS Chemistry

3.1. Crushing Experiments

3.2. Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry

3.2.1. Analytical Method

Individual Gas Analytical Method

Bulk Gas Analytical Method

3.2.2. Interpretation of Gas Analytical Data

Individual Gas Analytical Data

Bulk Gas Analytical Data

3.2.3. Bulk Gas Composition of Fluid Inclusion from GeothermalFields in Japan

3.3. Case Studies of Fluid Inclusion from Geothermal Fields,Northeastern Japan

3.3.1. Mori Geothermal Field

Formation of Ca-Rich Hypersaline Brine and CO2-Rich Fluid

Gas Evolution in the Reservoir Fluid

3.3.2. Matsukawa Geothermal Field

3.3.3. Kakkonda Geothermal Field

Characterization of the Upflow Zone

Origin of the Reservoir Fluid

SIZE DEPENDENT INTERFACE ENERGY

Scope

Overview

Solid-Liquid Interface Energy

The Bulk Solid-Liquid Interface Energy γsl0

γsl0(Tm) for Elemental Crystals

γsl0(Tm) for Organic Crystals

γsl0(Tm) for Intermetallic Compounds and Oxides

γsl0(Tm) in Metals: fcc Versus bcc

The Size Dependence of Solid-liquid Interface Energy γsl(D)

The Determination of Nucleus-liquid Interface Energy γsl(Dn,Tn)

γsl(Dn,Tn) for Metallic and Semiconductors Elements

γsl(Dn,Tn) for Alkali Halides

Solid-Solid Interface Energy

The Bulk Solid-solid Interface Energy γss0

The Size Dependence of Solid-solid Interface Energy γss(D).

Solid-Vapor Interface Energy or Surface Energy

The Bulk Surface Energy γsv0

The Size-Dependent Surface Energy γsv(D)

Liquid-Vapor Interface Energy or Surface Tension

The Bulk Surface Tension γlv0 and its Temperature Coefficient γ′lv0

Determination of γlv0(Tm) Values

Determination of γ′lv0(Tm) Values

Estimation of γlv0(T) and γ′lv0(T) Functions

The Size Dependence of Surface Tension γlv(D)

Summary and Further Prospects

SUSTAINABLE USE OF ENVIRONMENTALRESOURCES: OPTIMIZATIONOF LOGISTICS OPERATIONS

1.1. Sustainable Use of Resources

1.2. The Role of Environmental Decision Support Systems

1.2.1. Forest Biomass Use for Energy Production

1.2.2. Solid Waste Management in Urban Areas

2. Supply Chain Optimization for Forest Biomass Use for EnergyProduction

2.1. Strategic Planning: Formalization of the Decision Problem

2.2. Tactical Planning: Formalization of the Decision Problem

2.3. The Case Study

2.3. System Implementation

3. Logistics Aspects of Solid Waste Managementin Urban Areas: Formalization of Multi-ObjectiveOptimization Problems

3.1. Introduction

3.2. The MSW Decision Problem

3.3. The MODM Approach

3.4. The Formalization of the MODM Decision Problem

3.4.1.Objectives

3.4.2.Constraints

3.5. The Case Study

NORTH AMERICAN OIL SANDS: HISTORYOF DEVELOPMENT, PROSPECTS FOR THE FUTURE*

Acronyms and Abbreviations

World Oil Sands Reserves and Resources[4]

What Are Oil Sands?

U.S. Oil Sand Resources

Canadian Oil Sand Resources

History of Development

Role of Industry and Government

U.S. Oil Sands

Canadian Oil Sands

Oil Sands Production Process

Extraction Process

Production Technology

Upgrading[46].

Cost of Development and Production.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-61728-403-3

OCLC:

923664036