Energy and buildings : efficiency, air quality and conservation / Joseph B. Utrick, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Utrick, Joseph B.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Buildings--Energy conservation.

Buildings.

Buildings--Environmental engineering.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (471 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The authority of the United States Senate (as well as of the House) to establish the rules for its own proceedings, to "punish" its Members for misconduct, and to expel a Member by a vote of two-thirds of Members present and voting, is provided in the Constitution at Article I, Section 5, clause 2. This express grant of authority for the Senate to expel a Senator is, on its face, unlimited -- save for the requirement of a two-thirds majority. In the context of what the Supreme Court has characterized as, in effect, an "unbridled discretion" of the body, expulsions in the Senate, as well as the House, have historically been reserved for cases of the most serious misconduct: disloyalty to the government or abuses of one's official position. Under the United States Constitution and congressional practice, Members of Congress may have their services ended prior to the normal expiration of their constitutionally established terms of office by their resignation or death, or by action of the House of Congress in which they are a Member by way of an "expulsion," or by a finding that in accepting a subsequent public office deemed to be "incompatible"with congressional office, the Member has vacated his congressional seat.

Contents:

Intro

ENERGY AND BUILDINGS: EFFICIENCY,AIR QUALITY AND CONSERVATION

CONTENTS

PREFACE

ON THE NUMERICAL STUDY OF PARTICLEDISPERSION IN INDOOR AIRFLOW:MODELLING CHALLENGES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

CONSERVATION EQUATIONS

General Conservation Equations for Gas Phase

Standard and Re-Normalization Group (RNG) K-ε Model

RNG-BASED LES MODEL

PARTICLE PHASE MODEL

NUMERICAL PROCEDURE

NUMERICAL PREDICTIONS

NUMERICAL RESULTS OF THE CONFIGURATION OF ROOM 1

NUMERICAL RESULTS OF THE CONFIGURATION OF ROOM 2

FURTHER CONSIDERATION OF PARTICLE-WALL COLLISION WITHINBUILDING ENCLOSURE

Need for Improved Models

Models for Particle-Wall Collision

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

EVALUATION OF MODELLING TECHNIQUES TOPREDICT INDOOR TEMPERATURE IN INTELLIGENTBUILDINGS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Keywords:

1. INTRODUCTION

2. ADVANTAGES OF MODELLING TEMPERATURE IN BUILDINGS

3. STATISTICAL MODELS

3.1. Autoregressive models

3.2. Measures of Accuracy

3.3. Lineal Regression Models

4. ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK MODELS

4.1 Basic Structure of an ANN

5. PERFORMANCE OF THE MODELS FOR FORECASTING THE INDOOR TEMPERATURE IN BUILDINGS

METHODOLOGY DEVELOPED FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THE ENERGY-PRODUCTIVE BUILDINGS MODULES IN THE HEALTH NETWORK

2. ENERGY - PRODUCTIVE BUILDINGS MODULES (MEEP). DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTEGRATION LEVEL METHODOLOGY.

2.1. Determination and Analysis of MEEP Values. First Integration Level.

2.2. Development of the Integration Level Methodology.

A. Second Integration Level: Functional Units.

B Third Integration Level: Services.

C. Fourth Integration Level: Areas.

D. Fifth Integration Level: Health Building.

REFERENCES.

DESIGNING ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDINGS:A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH BASED ONCOMPUTER SIMULATION

1. INTRODUCTION / FRAMING /OBJECTIVES

2. METHODOLOGY PROPOSED

3. APPLICABILITY OF THE PROPOSED METHODOLOGY

3.1. The Case Study Model

3.2. Base Case Results

3.3. Orientation and Location of the Building

3.4. Analysis of Different Types of Exterior Walls

3.5. Analysis of Different Types of Windows

3.6. Analysis of Different Air Infiltration Rates

3.7. Analysis of Different Types of Shading

3.8. Analysis of Different Types of Roofing

3.9. Analysis of Different LTS - "Light To Space" (Internal Lighting SystemGains)

3.10. Analysis of Different Air Renewal Rates

3.11. Analysis of Different Values of EPD - "Equipment Power Density

3.12. Analysis of Different Types of HVAC Systems

3.13. Analysis of the Influence of Design Reference Temperatures ("SetPoint" of the Thermostats)

3.14. Analysis of the Thermal Comfort of Some Zones of the Building

4. A POTENTIAL SOLUTION

ARCHITECTURE, THERMAL DESIGN AND ENERGYPERFORMANCE OF SOLAR SCHOOLS IN ARGENTINA

School Buildings in the Region

Basic Concepts of Passive Solar Buildings Design

SOLAR SCHOOL BUILDINGS

School in Algarrobo Del Aguila

Design and Technology

Monitoring

Under Normal Conditions of Use (First Week)

Winter Vacations (Second Week)

Energy Behaviour and Thermal Comfort

School in Catriló

Higrothermal Monitoring

Thermal Winter Survey

CONCLUSIONS

THE ROLE OF BUILDINGS ENERGY EFFICIENCY INMITIGATING CARBON EMISSIONS IN CHINA

TREND OF ENERGY DEMAND IN CHINA'S BUILDING SECTOR

Energy Consumption.

URBANISATION AND BUILDING ENERGY CONSUMPTION

Trend

ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIALS OF ENERGY SAVINGS IN BUILDINGSECTOR

Employment of Life-Cycle Approach to Assessing Building Energy Efficiency

Solutions of Intervention in BEE Improvement

Driving Force of Increase in Energy Demand in Buildings

Taking Consumption Behaviours and Lifestyle Changes into Account

CO2 Emission Implication of the Long-Term Increase in Buildings EnergyDemand

BENCHMARKING THE BEE IN CHINA AND WORLD

Current Status of Mandatory Codes for BEE

China's Buildings Regulatory Standards

Technical Specification in the Tianjin Building Energy Efficiency Standard

Performance Comparison of BEE Standards

Parameters of BEE Improvement Portfolios

GRAPPLING WITH CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS BY OVERCOMINGBARRIERS TO BUILDING EFFICIENCY

BARRIERS TO IMPLEMENTING ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN BUILDINGS

Technical and Institutional Barriers

Energy Price Subsidies and Inconsistent Billing and Pricing Systems

INHERENT PRINCIPAL-AGENT PROBLEM OF BEE

COST OF EXTERNALITIES

SCOPE AND SCALE OF KEY AREAS OF INTERVENTIONS IN BUILDINGENERGY EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT

Tightening Mandatory BEE Regulations and Codes

Alternative Energy Supply: Promotion of Renewables in District Heating

Standardisation of Building Materials Efficiency Quality

Energy Efficiency Labelling and Certificate Scheme

Information Propagation of Efficient and Low-Carbon Buildings

Improving End-Use Appliances Efficiency

Room Air Conditioner (RAC)

Lighting

Public Leadership and Cooperative Procurement Programmes

Rethinking Public Policies for BEE

Integrated Policy

Set-Up of Sustainable Consumption Pattern in Buildings

Incorporating BEE in Climate Policy

Economic and Market-Based Instruments in Financing BEE

Fiscal Instruments and Incentives.

Financing BEE Randd and Deployment

Energy or Carbon Taxes

Innovative Financing Mechanism in Energy Supply

Kyoto Financing Mechanism

Accelerating Pricing Reform

Fostering Buildings Energy Performance Contracting/ ESCO Support

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCE

ENERGY USE IN CANADIAN BUILDINGS:WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED FROM RECENT DATA?

2. DATA ON CANADIAN BUILDINGS

2.1. Commercial and Institutional Buildings

2.2. Residential Buildings

2.2.1. Survey of Household Energy Use

2.2.2. Energuide for Houses Database

3. RECENT CBEEDAC STUDIES ON ENERGY USE INCANADIAN BUILDINGS

3.1. Commercial Buildings

3.1.1. Physical Building Characteristics and Energy Use

3.1.2. Building Activity and Ownership

3.2. Residential Buildings

3.2.1. Heating

3.2.2. Appliances and Home Electronics

3.2.3. Lighting

3.2.4. EnerGuide for Houses

3.2.5. Energy Use in Apartment Buildings

4. IMPLICATIONS OF RESULTS FOR POLICIES / INITIATIVES

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

BUILDING INTEGRATED RENEWABLE ENERGYTECHNOLOGIES: EMBODIED ENERGY, ECONOMICANALYSIS AND POTENTIAL OF CO2 EMISSIONMITIGATION

2. ENERGY CONSERVATION IN BUILDING

2.1. Passive Building Design

2.1.1. Passive Solar Design Principles

2.1.2. Passive Solar Heating

2.1.3. Passive Solar Cooling:

2.2. Embodied Energy in Buildings

2.3. Building Integrated Renewable Energy Technologies

i) Flat Plate Thermosyphon Units (FPTU) and Integrated Collector Storage (ICS)

ii) Solar Collectors with Colored Absorbers

iii) Solar Collectors with Booster Reflectors

iv) Unglazed Solar Collectors

v) Hybrid Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) Systems

vi) Fresnel Lenses for Building Atria

vii) Building Integration of Solar/Wind Systems.

3. ECONOMICS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES

3.1. Economics of PV System for Building

3.2. Economics of Wind Power System for Building

3.3. Economics of Solar Hot Water System for Building

3.4. Economics of Solar Water Pumping System for Building

3.5. Economics of Solar PV Lanterns for Building

3.6. Economics of Solar Distillation for Drinking Water Supply in Arid AreaBuildings

4. ECONOMICS OF SOLAR LIGHTING AND PASSIVE HEATING /COOLING TECHNIQUES FOR BUILDING

4.1. Economics of Daylighting in Buildings

4.2. Economics of Retrofitting Trombe Wall for Passive Heating in Buildings:

Before Retrofit of Building

After Retrofitting of the Building with Trombe Wall

4.3. Economics of Integrating Earth to Air Heat Exchanger (EAHE) forPassive Heating/Cooling of Buildings

5. CONCLUSIONS ON BUILDING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

REDUCING THE COOLING LOAD BY EVAPORATIVECOOLING OF THE ROOF

LITERATURE SURVEY

EVAPORATIVE COOLING IN IRAQI WEATHER CONDITIONS

COOLING THE ROOF

THE TEST ROOM

ROOF COMPARTMENT

WALL INSULATION

THE COOLING PROCESS

MEASUREMENT RESULTS

COOLING LOADS

USING THE SYSTEM IN OTHER LOCATIONS

WATER CONSUMPTION

IN ACTUAL BUILDINGS

THE THERMAL INFLUENCE OF THE INTERIOR SURFACES

INCREASING THE EVAPORATIVE COOLERS EFFICIENCY

OTHER IMPROVEMENTS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

LIFE CYCLE CONSIDERATIONSIN ENERGY CONSERVATION FORDESIGN OF LOW INCOME HOUSING

METHODS

1. Whole House Orientation

2. House Orientation (Window Evaluation Only)

3. Window Placement

4. SUPER INSULATED HIGH PERFORMANCE WINDOWS

5. INSULATED SHADES

6. HIGH PERFORMANCE LIGHTING

7. R-49 ATTIC Insulation

8. Cool Roofing.

ANALYSIS AND LIMITATIONS.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-61728-399-1

OCLC:

662452553