Foreign aid reform / Finn C. Hudson, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Hudson, Finn C.

Series:

Foreign policy of the United States.

Foreign policy of the United States

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Economic assistance, American.

Interagency coordination--United States.

Interagency coordination.

United States--Foreign relations.

United States.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (208 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2010.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

U.S. foreign aid programs began in earnest with the Marshall Plan to rebuild Europe following World War II. Arguably, the underlying rationale for aid during most of the post-war period was to counter Communist influence in the world. Since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union, and particularly since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, aid programs have increasingly been justified within the context of anti-terrorism. Despite changing global conditions and challenges, U.S. foreign aid programs, their organisational structure, and their statutory underpinnings, reflect the Cold War environment in which they originated. This book focuses on the role that foreign assistance can play as a foreign policy tool within the current international environment.

Contents:

Intro

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Contents

Preface

Foreign Aid Reform: Issues for Congress and Policy Options(

Summary

Overview

Criticisms of Current Foreign Aid Structures and Programs

Definitions and Data Sources

Current Aid Platforms and Funding

Aid Platforms

Current Funding

Statutory Basis of Foreign Assistance

Historical Rationales for Foreign Assistance2

Trends in Foreign Assistance Funding

Historic Trends

New Presidential Initiatives

Regional Distribution of Aid

Sector Distribution of Aid

Use of Supplementals

Issues for Congress

Revisiting the "Why" of Foreign Aid

Recent Foreign Aid Reform

Proposed Levels of Foreign Assistance

0.7% of GNI

Increase by 1% of Budget

Maintain Current Aid Levels

Policy Options

Reform Options

Refocus Assistance

Change/Define Role of Defense Department

Change Use of Multilateral Organizations

Create a Unified Budget

Unified Function 150 Budget or Budget Presentation

Unified National Security Budget

Restructuring Options

Elevate USAID to Cabinet-Level Department

Merge USAID into State Department

Create Aid Agency with Increased Jurisdiction

Improve Interagency Coordination

Create a Coordinating Entity

Elevate Aid Agency within NSC Structure

Maintain Status Quo with or without Minor Modifications

Re-write the Foreign Assistance Act

Major Reform Report Recommendations

HELP Commission

Policy

Structure

Budget

Senate Foreign Relations Committee

Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS)

Appendix. Acronyms

End Notes

Foreign Aid Reform, National Strategy, and the Quadrennial Review(

Introduction

Interest in ElevatingDiplomacy and Development.

Issues and Actions during the George W. Bush Administration

Issues and Actions during the Obama Administration

National Strategy

Legislation on Foreign Aid Reform

The Quadrennial Review

Congressional Action

Executive Branch Action

QDDR Structure

Timing of Report

Initial Concerns

The Presidential Study Directive on U.S. Global Development Policy

Conclusion

Foreign Aid Reform: Studies and Recommendations(

Brief History of Modern U.S. Foreign Aid

Implementation of the F Bureau

Criticisms of the F Bureau and U.S. Foreign Aid Overall

History of Modern Legislative Efforts to Reform Foreign Aid4

Key Recommendations Included in Selected Foreign Aid Reform Studies

Studies Included in This chapter

Rewrite the Foreign Assistance Act of 1961

Elevate Development to the Level of Diplomacy and Defense

Establish a National Strategy for U.S. Foreign Aid

Create a Cabinet-Level Agency for Foreign Aid

Give Department of State Lead Authority for Foreign Aid

Build on the F Process

Enhance Resources in Civilian Agencies

Improve Policy and Agency Coordination

Increase Input from the Field, Rather than in Washington

Provide Greater Emphasis on Needs-Driven Aid

Provide Multiyear Aid Funding

Balance Long-Term Aid against Short-Term Aid

Increase Participation in Multilateral Foreign Assistance Efforts

Monitor Aid Impact

Address Role of Congress in Foreign Aid Policy

Conclusions

Appendix A. CRS Summaries of Reports13

Appendix B. Bibliography

Foreign Aid Reform: Agency Coordination(

A Note about Defining Foreign Aid

Recent Trends in Foreign Assistance

U.S. Aid-Related Activities, by Agency

USAID

Department of State

Department of Defense.

Department of Health and Human Services

Department of Agriculture

Department of the Treasury

Millennium Challenge Corporation

Peace Corps

Other Departments and Agencies

Existing Coordination Mechanisms

National Security Council

Director of Foreign Assistance and the F Process

FACTS /FACTS Info

Country Assistance Strategies

SEED and FSA Coordinators

Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator

Coordinator for Reconstruction and Stabilization (S/CRS)

State/USAID Coordination with the Department of Defense

Aid Coordination in Other Countries

United Kingdom

Germany

The Netherlands and Denmark

France and Japan

Canada

Selected Coordination Options39

Enhance Coordination as Part of a National Foreign Assistance Strategy

Empower One Entity to Coordinate All U.S. Foreign Aid

Build on White House/NSC Structures with Department/Agency Representatives

Separate Strategic Assistance from Development Assistance

Enhance Coordination and Authority at the Country Level

Require Whole of Government Reporting

Require Inspector General Reports on All Aid Activities

Legislative Activity

Appendix A. Foreign Assistance Disbursements by Agency, FY2001-FY2007 (in thousands of current U.S. )

Appendix B. Overlapping Agency Foreign Assistance Activities

Foreign Aid Reform: Comprehensive Strategy, Interagency Coordination, and Operational Improvements Would Bolster Current Efforts(

Why GAO Did This Study

What GAO Recommends

What GAO Found

Abbreviations

Results in Brief

Background

Foreign Assistance Framework

International Affairs Funding and State/F's Budget and Planning Processes

State/F Information Systems

Key Practices for Agency Transformation

Interagency Coordination and Collaboration.

State and USAID Have Taken Steps to Support Organizational Transformation, Develop Consolidated Foreign Assistance Planning and Budgeting Processes, and Establish State/F Workforce

Key State and USAID Efforts Supported Organizational Transformation

Top Leadership Involvement

Mission Statement

Key Operating Principles

Implementation Goals and Timelines

Employee Involvement

State/F Developed Consolidated State-USAID Foreign Assistance Planning and Budgeting Processes

Standardized Program Structure

Annual Country-Specific Operational Plans

5-Year Country-Specific Foreign Assistance Strategies

Consolidated Budget Process for State and USAID Foreign Assistance Programs

State/F Integrated Workforce

State/F Faces Implementation Challenges Related to Organizational Transformation, Planning and Budgeting, and Workforce

State/F Lacks Implementation Time Frames for Comprehensive Foreign Assistance Reforms and Developing a Foreign Assistance Strategy and Country-Specific Strategies

State/F Lacks Goals and Benchmarks for Measuring Progress for Certain Reform Processes

State/F Lacks a Clear and Consistent Communication Strategy

State/F Faces Challenges in Its Annual Operational Planning Processes

State/F Faces Challenges in Developing and Implementing Its Multiyear Planning Process

State/F Faces Challenges in Its Consolidated Budget Processes

State/F Faces Challenges in Workforce Management Issues

Recommendations for Executive Action

Agency Comments and Our Evaluation

Appendix II. U.S. Departments, Agencies, and Other Entities That Provide Foreign Assistance

Appendix III. State/F Information Systems

Appendix IV. Foreign Assistance Framework

Appendix V. Comments from the Department of State

End Notes.

Restructuring U.S. Foreign Aid: The Role of the Director of Foreign Assistance in Transformational Development(

Transformational Development

The Role of Director of Foreign Assistance

State and USAID Programs

Domestic Policy Departments with Aid Programs

DOD Programs

Iraq and Afghanistan Assistance

Military Assistance and Training

Humanitarian Assistance

Counter-Drug and Anti-Terrorism Assistance

Restructuring Foreign Aid Management and Programs

Organizational Reform

Programmatic Reform

The FY2008 Budget

The FY2007 'Fast-Track' Process

Earlier Attempts at Foreign Aid Reform

Hamilton-Gilman Foreign Aid Reform Task Force

Clinton Administration Initiative

Consolidation of USAID into the State Department

Coordination of Programs

Politicization of Aid Programs and the Role of USAID

Reforms Deferred and Subsequent Initiatives

Congressional Priorities

Opening Statement of Chairman John F. Kerry, U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Hearing on "Reforming U.S. Foreign Aid Policies"*

Opening Statement of Senator Richard G. Lugar, U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Hearing on "The Case for Reform: Foreign Aid and Development in a New Era"*

Testimony of Peter McPherson, President, Association of Public and Land-Grant Universities (APLU) and Former Administrator, U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), before the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, Hearing on "The Case ...

The organization of USAID and related matters

The Development Agenda

Statement of Professor Jeffrey D. Sachs, Director of the Earth Institute at Columbia University and Special Advisor to UN Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon on the Millenium Development Goals, before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Hearing on "The.

Direction of Official Development Assistance.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-61761-034-8

OCLC:

793332179