Exercise therapy in adult individuals with obesity / Dominique Hansen, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Hansen, Dominique.

Series:

Public health in the 21st century series.

Public health in the 21st century

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Obesity--Exercise therapy.

Obesity.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (312 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hauppauge, N.Y. : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2013.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This book provides up-to-date evidence-based information on why and how to implement exercise intervention in the treatment of obesity. It starts with a description of the epidemiology of obesity, how to execute preparticipation screening in the obese, and the impact of caloric intake restriction vs exercise training in obese subjects. Next, a detailed description of exercise physiology in obesity is provided, followed by motivation techniques, the impact of training modalities on adipose tissue mass loss, and an exploration of factors related to the heterogeneity of adipose tissue mass loss in the obese when following exercise interventions. In final, the impact of emerging concepts in current exercise prescription for the obese, such as exercise in fasting condition, is covered. This book is dedicated to healthcare professionals and researchers dealing with obesity patients participating in exercise interventions. Moreover, this book could be a support to anyone with great interest for exercise physiology and exercise therapy in obesity.

Contents:

Intro

EXERCISE THERAPY IN ADULT INDIVIDUALS WITH OBESITY

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

CONTENTS

PREFACE

LIST OF CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS

Chapter 1: EPIDEMIOLOGY OF OBESITY AND ASSOCIATED CO-MORBIDITIES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION AND ASSESSMENT OF OBESITY

OBESITY AND MORTALITY RISK

OBESITY IS A WORLD WIDE EPIDEMIC

METABOLIC AND PATHOLOGIC CONSEQUENCES OF ABDOMINAL OBESITY

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 (DM)

Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

Asthma

Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome

Neoplasia

Orthopedic Injuries

Gastrointestinal Disease

Mortality

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

Chapter 2: EVALUATION OF BODY COMPOSITION IN THE OBESE

BODY COMPOSITION MODELS

BODY ADIPOSE TISSUE CONTENT AND DISTRIBUTION

BODY MASS INDEX (BMI)

WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE AND WAIST-HIP RATIO

ANTHROPOMETRY

BIOLELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE ANALYSIS

DUAL ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY (DXA)

DENSITOMETRY BY HYDROSTATIC WEIGHING

AIR DISPLACEMENT PLETHYSMOGRAPHY

CT AND MRI SCANNING

DILUTION TECHNIQUES (HYDROMETRY)

ULTRASOUND MEASUREMENT OF ADIPOSE TISSUE

OBESE SUBJECTS

Chapter 3: EVALUATION OF THE OBESE PATIENT AHEAD OF EXERCISE INTERVENTION

RISKS AND BENEFITS OF EXERCISE FOR THE OBESE INDIVIDUAL

EXISTING RECOMMENDATIONS ON PRE-PARTICIPATION EVALUATION

RISK STRATIFICATION

Individual Risk Profile

Assessment of PA/Fitness

The Intended Level of PA

RECOMMENDED EVALUATION OF OBESE INDIVIDUALS PRIOR TO EXERCISE

Evaluation of Sedentary Obese Individuals

Evaluation of Physically Active Obese Individuals

EVALUATION OF OTHER POTENTIAL BARRIERS TO PA IN THE OBESE PATIENT

Orthopedic Disorders

Pulmonary Disorders

Mental/Psychological Disorders.

CONCLUSION

Chapter 4: CALORIC RESTRICTION AND/OR INCREASING EXERCISE IN THE MANAGEMENT OF OBESITY

SECTION 1: CALORIC RESTRICTION

Caloric Restriction and Body Composition

Caloric Restriction and the Lipid Profile

Caloric Restriction and Blood Pressure

Caloric Restriction and Glucose Metabolism

Caloric Restriction and Inflammatory Markers

Caloric Restriction and Quality of Life

SECTION 2: EXERCISE

Exercise and Body Composition

Exercise and the Lipid Profile

Exercise and Blood Pressure

Exercise and Glucose Metabolism

Exercise and Inflammatory Markers

Exercise and Quality of Life

Comparison of Caloric- and Exercise-Induced Body Weight Loss

SECTION 3: CALORIC RESTRICTION AND EXERCISE COMBINED

Caloric Restriction and Exercise and Body Composition

Caloric Restriction and Exercise and the Lipid Profile

Caloric Restriction and Exercise and Blood Pressure

Caloric Restriction and Exercise and Glucose Metabolism

Caloric Restriction and Exercise and Inflammatory Markers

Caloric Restriction and Exercise and Disease Incidence

Adherence to Lifestyle-Induced Obesity Reduction

SECTION 4: GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE

Chapter 5: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY IN OBESE SUBJECTS: CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL CHANGES OF THE HEART IN OBESE SUBJECTS

THE CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE TO EXERCISE IN THE OBESE

EFFECT OF BODY WEIGHT LOSS AND EXERCISE TRAINING ON MYOCARDIAL FUNCTION, AND RESPONSE TO EXERCISE, IN THE OBESE

Chapter 6: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY IN OBESE SUBJECTS: RESPIRATORY FUNCTION

Ventilatory Responses to Exercise

Gas Exchange

Expiratory Flow Limitation

Effects of Body Weight Loss on Pulmonary Function

CONCLUSION.

REFERENCES

Chapter 7: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY IN OBESE ADULTS: ENDOCRINE HORMONE REGULATION

IMPACT OF ACUTE EXERCISE

Catecholamines: Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Growth Hormone

Cortisol

Insulin

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide

Endocrine Hormones Which Remain to Be Examined

CAN DISTURBED HORMONAL RESPONSES TO ACUTE EXERCISE BE REVERSED BY LONG-TERM EXERCISE INTERVENTION?

Chapter 8: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY IN ADULT OBESITY: MUSCLE FUNCTION AND MOBILITY

OBESITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH PHYSICAL DISABILITY

OBESITY, AGING AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION

OBESITY IS RELATED TO OSTEOARTHRITIS AND OTHER MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS

OBESITY AND MUSCLE FUNCTION

MUSCULAR STRENGTH AND QUALITY: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGING, OBESITY AND FUNCTION

THE ROLE OF DECREASED PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN IMPAIRED MUSCLE FUNCTION

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND IMPROVED MUSCLE FUNCTION

WEIGHT REDUCTION AND PHYSICAL FUNCTION

PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS AND EXERCISE STRATEGIES

Chapter 9: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY IN ADULT OBESITY: BRAIN FUNCTION AND THERMOREGULATION

OBESITY AND THE BRAIN

Brain Structures

Brain Neurotransmitters

EXERCISE

The Role of Brain Neurotransmitters during Exercise

Obesity, Exercise and Neurotransmitters

THERMOREGULATION

Temperature Regulation in Obesity

Chapter 10: FAT OXIDATION AND LIPOLYTIC CAPACITY IN OBESITY

I. LIPOLYSIS AND FATTY ACID MOBILIZATION

1. Molecular Regulation of Lipolysis

2. Adipose Tissue Blood Flow

3. Fatty Acid Mobilization during Exercise

4. FA Mobilization in Obesity

II. REGULATION OF FAT OXIDATION DURING EXERCISE

1. Contribution of Different Lipid Sources

2. Exercise Intensity and Duration.

3. Determinants of Fat Oxidation during Exercise

4. Fat Oxidation in Obesity

III. METABOLIC ADAPTATIONS TO EXERCISE TRAINING

1. Lipolysis and Fatty Acid Mobilization

2. Fat Oxidation and Metabolic Flexibility

3. Muscle Lipid Partitioning and Insulin Sensitivity

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Chapter 11: MOTIVATING PATIENTS WITH OBESITY TO EXERCISE

THE PROBLEM OF ADHERENCE

STRATEGIES FOR MOTIVATING PATIENTS TO EXERCISE

General Principles for Enhancing Motivation to Exercise

ASSESSING THE PATIENTS' EXERCISE LEVELS AND BARRIERS TO CHANGE IN A NON-JUDGMENTAL WAY

INVOLVING PATIENTS ACTIVELY IN THE DECISION TO CHANGE

STRATEGIES FOR INCREASING PATIENT'S ADHERENCE TO EXERCISE

Tailoring Activity Goals to Individual Patients

Goal Setting

Self-Monitoring

Stimulus Control

Involving Significant Others

Building the Mindset of an Active Lifestyle

RESPONDING TO NON-ADHERENCE

Chapter 12: IMPACT OF TRAINING MODALITIES ON ADIPOSE TISSUE MASS LOSS IN THE OBESE

EFFECT OF ENDURANCE EXERCISE TRAINING ON ADIPOSE TISSUE MASS IN THE OBESE

IMPACT OF EXERCISE TRAINING MODALITIES ON ADIPOSE TISSUE MASS LOSS IN OBESE SUBJECTS

a. Impact of Program Duration

b. Impact of Additional Resistance Exercises

c. Impact of Continuous Exercise Training Intensity

d. High-Intensity Interval Exercise Training

e. Impact of Exercise Training Session Volume/Duration

f. Impact of Training Frequency

Chapter 13: IMPACT OF EXERCISE INTERVENTION ON INFLAMMATION, IMMUNITY AND DISEASES

IL-6 TRIGGERS LOW-GRADE SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION BUT MEDIATES ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTION OF EXERCISE

MYOSTATIN, FOLLISTATIN AND EXERCISE

BDNF AND EXERCISE.

METABOLIC SIGNATURE(S) OF EXERCISE AND NUR77 EXPRESSION

PUFAS, LIPOXINS, NITRIC OXIDE AND EXERCISE

AUTOPHAGY, PGC1-Α, AND EXERCISE

Chapter 14: IMPACT OF EXERCISE TRAINING ON HABITUAL ACTIVITY AND FOOD INTAKE IN THE OBESE

ACUTE EXERCISE

CHRONIC EXERCISE

Health Benefits

METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES

EFFECTS ON FOOD INTAKE

INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY

COMPENSATORY MECHANISMS

Appetite-Related Peptides

Gastric Emptying

Substrate Oxidation

Hedonic Processes

Psychological Eating Behavior Traits

Chapter 15: VARIATION IN ADIPOSE TISSUE MASS LOSS IN THE OBESE FOLLOWING EXERCISE INTERVENTION

A MODEL FOR ADIPOSE TISSUE CHANGE AFTERREGULAR EXERCISE

FACTORS AFFECTING FAT INTAKE

Compensatory Changes in Diet

Digesting Nutrients That Enhance or Suppress Post-Prandial Lipemia and Glucose Levels

Digesting Nutrients that Reduce Fat Absorption

FACTORS AFFECTING FAT OXIDATION

Compensatory Changes in Physical Activity Patterns

Exercising and Living in Hot and Cold Environments

Digesting Nutrients That Increase or Decrease Fat Oxidation

Fat Oxidation Rate

INDIVIDUAL FACTORS AFFECTING FAT BALANCE

Genetic Influences

Body Composition

Endocrine Effects

Chapter 16: EMERGING CONCEPTS IN EXERCISETRAINING FOR OBESE SUBJECTS: EXERCISE TRAINING IN FASTING CONDITION

MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF LIPID-INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE

ACUTE EXERCISE IN THE FASTED STATE

ENDURANCE EXERCISE TRAINING IN THE FASTED STATE

In Healthy Individuals

In Obese Individuals

INDEX.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-62257-816-3

OCLC:

834604360