Boron hydrides, high potential hydrogen storage materials / Umit B. Demirci and Philippe Miele, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Demirci, Umit B.

Miele, Philippe.

Series:

Chemistry research and applications series.

Chemistry research and applications

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Hydrogen--Storage--Materials.

Hydrogen.

Boranes.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (276 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Boron hydrides are hydrogen storage materials which are the object of intensive investigation because they pose tangible solution to the hydrogen storage issue. This book reviews research on boron hydrides and gives a general view of the perspectives of application.

Contents:

Intro

BORON HYDRIDES, HIGH POTENTIAL HYDROGEN STORAGE MATERIALS

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 SOLID-STATE HYDROGEN STORAGE

Abstract

Introduction

2. Issues Encountering Hydrogen Economy

3. Hydrogen Storage Issue

3.1 Technical Targets

3.2 Physical Methods for Hydrogen Storage

3.2.1 High Pressure Storage

3.2.2 Cryogenic Storage

3.3 Chemical Methods for Hydrogen Storage

4. Solids for Hydrogen Storage or Chemical Storage

4.1 Adsorption in Porous Materials

4.1.1 Activated Carbons including Carbon Nanostructures

4.1.2 Hydrogen Physisorption in other Materials

4.2 Storage by Absorption

4.2.1 Metal Hydrides

4.2.2 Complex Hydrides

4.2.3 Storage via Chemical Reactions

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2 BORON HYDRIDES

1. Introduction

2. Boron Compounds

2.1 Borides

2.2 Boron Hydrides

2.3 Boron Halides

2.4 Boron-Oxygen Compounds

2.5 Boron-Nitrogen Compounds

2.6 Other Boron-Based Compounds

2.7 Summary

3. Borohydrides

3.1 All of the Borohydrides

3.2 Thermolysis of Borohydrides

3.3 Hydrolysis of Borohydrides

3.4 Safety Data

3.5 Conclusion

4. Ammoniaborane and its Derivatives

4.1 Ammoniaborane

4.2 Amidoboranes

4.3 Safety Data

Chapter 3 LITHIUM BOROHYDRIDE: SYNTHESIS, PROPERTIES AND THERMAL DECOMPOSITION

2. Synthesis Methods

3. Crystal Structures

4. Ionic Superconduction

5. Thermal Decomposition

6. Hydrogen Release Enhancement by Catalysts Addition

7. Modification of Hydrogen Release by Confinement into Nanoporous Carbons

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

Chapter 4 HYDROGEN CYCLE WITH SODIUM BOROHYDRIDE

1. Importance of Sodium Borohydride in Hydrogen Cycle.

2. Sodium Borohydride Production Techniques

2.1. Borax Reactions

2.2. Trimetyl Borate Reactions

2.3. NaBH4 Reactions

3. Dehydrogenation of NaBH4 and its usage as Hydrogen Carrier

3.1. Thermal Dehydrogenation

3.2. Catalytic Dehydrogenation

3.2.1. Alkaline Hydrolysis Solution

3.2.2. Water Requirement for Hydrolysis

3.2.3. Catalyst Preparation and its Effect on Hydrolysis

3.2.4. Supported Materials of Heterogeneous Catalysts

3.2.5. Processing Magnetic Catalysts

3.2.6. Co-Ni Couple Catalysts and Reaction Mechanism

3.2.7. Electrochemical Catalysts

3.2.8. Fuel Cell Application of Catalytic Hydrolysis

4. NaBO2 Recycle

5. NaBO2-Borax Conversion

6. Characterization of NaBH4

Chapter 5 POTENTIAL AND LIMITATION OF THE DIRECT BOROHYDRIDE FUEL CELL. SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON THE BOROHYDRIDE OXIDATION REACTION (BOR) MECHANISM AND KINETICS ON GOLD ELECTROCATALYSTS

2. Experimental

2.1 Reagents and Solutions

2.2 On-Line Electrochemical Mass Spectroscopy (OLEMSlems)

2.3 Ftir FTIR Spectroscopy

2.4 CV and EIS

3. The Ideal Reactant for DBFC

3.1 Fuel Composition for DBFC

3.2 Alternative Reactants

3.3 Fuel Monitoring

4. Principle of Operation of a DBFC

4.1 Basics and Performance

4.2 Influence of the Electrode Geometry and Reactant Channel Design

4.3 Membrane and Electrode Materials

5. Survey of the BOR on Gold

5.1 Is Gold Inactive Regarding the Heterogeneous Hydrolysis of BH4- Aanion?

5.2 Evidencing the BOR Intermediates on Gold by FTIR Spectroscopy

5.3 Towards a Simplified BOR Pathway for Gold Electrodes

Chapter 6 CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF LIGHT METAL BOROHYDRIDES

Crystal Structures

LiBH4

NaBH4

KBH4

NH4BH4

Be(BH4)2

Mg(BH4)2.

Ca(BH4)2

Mn(BH4)2

Al(BH4)3

LiK(BH4)2

MSc(BH4)4 (M = Li, Na)

MZn2(BH4)5 (M = Li, Na)

NaZn(BH4)3

Structural Evolution under Non-Ambient Conditions

Diffraction Studies of the Stability Regions and Structure Evolution under External Stimuli

Phenomenological and Crystal-Chemical Analysis of the Mechanisms of the Phase Transitions

Crystal Chemistry

Geometry of the BH4 Group

BH4…M and BH4…BH4 Contacts

Chemical Destabilization: Mixed-Cation and Mixed-Anion Borohydrides

Chemical Destabilization: Substitution in the BH4 Group

Chapter 7 AMMONIA BORANE: THERMOLYSIS

2. Ammonia Borane

3. Solid Neat Ammonia Borane Thermolysis

3.1 The Induction Period

3.2 The First Reaction Step

3.3 The Second Reaction Step

3.4 The Third Reaction Step

4. Thermolysis of Neat Ammonia Borane in Solution

5. Catalyzed Ammonia Borane Thermolysis

5.1 Catalyzed Solid State Ammonia Borane

5.2 Catalyzed Ammonia Borane in Solution

6. Ammonia Borane Compounds Thermolysis

6.1 Solid State Ammonia Borane Compounds Thermolysis

7. Supported Ammonia Borane Thermolysis

8. Regeneration of Ammonia Borane Dehydrogenation Products

Chapter 8 AMMONIA BORANE: HYDROLYSIS AND ELECTROOXIDATION

2. Ammonia Borane Hydrolysis

2.1 Concept

2.2 State-of-the-Art

2.2.1 Transition Metal Catalyst

2.2.2 Effective Gravimetric Hydrogen Storage Capacity

2.2.3 Recycling of the Reaction by-Products

2.3 Ammonia Borane versus Sodium Borohydride

3. Ammonia Borane Electrooxidation

3.1 Direct Liquid Fuel Cells

3.2 Basics

3.3 State-of-the-art and Issues

3.4 Direct Ammonia Borane Fuel Cell Vversus Direct Borohydride Ffuel Cell

Chapter 9 METAL AMIDOBORANES

Abstract.

Introduction

Syntheses

Structures and Crystal Chemistry

1. Metal Amidoboranes

2. Other Amidoborane Complexes

Dehydrogenation Properties

1. Lithium Amidoborane

2. Sodium Amidoborane

3. Calcium Amidoborane

4. Structural Characteristics Responsible for the Dehydrogenation Properties

5. Other Amidoborane Complexes

Acknowledgment

Chapter 10 CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK: WHICH FUTURE FOR BORON HYDRIDES?

2. Current Potentials of the Boron Hydrides

2.1 Borohydrides

2.2 Ammonia Borane and Amidoboranes

2.3 Summary

3. Always the same Challenges

3.1 Hydrogen Production and Distribution

3.2 Hydrogen Storage

3.3 Summary

4. The Most Critical Challenges Facing Boron Hydrides

4.1 Effective Storage Capacity

4.2 Storage Reversibility

4.3 Summary

5. Greenness Considerations

5.1 Green Chemistry

5.2 Greenness of the Boron Hydrides

5.3 Summary

Conclusion and Outlook

INDEX

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-61470-326-4

OCLC:

759114806