Water recycling and water management / Daniel M. Carrey, editor ; [contributors, Osvaldo Salazar ... [et al.]].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Carrey, Daniel M.

Salazar, Osvaldo.

Series:

Water resource planning, development and management series.

Environmental science, engineering and technology series.

Water resource planning, development, and management

Environmental science, engineering, and technology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Water reuse.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (294 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Water recycling is former wastewater (sewage) that has been treated to remove solids and certain impurities, and then used in sustainable landscaping irrigation or to recharge groundwater aquifers. This is done for sustainability and water conservation, rather than discharge the treated wastewater to surface waters such as rivers and oceans. Water management is the activity of planning, developing, distributing, managing, an optimum use of water resources defined under water polices and regulations. This book presents topical research data in the study of water recycling and management, including runoff water harvesting for agricultural production in semiarid zones; water disinfection using peracetic acid; wastewater reuse and recycling in sub-Saharan Africa; Australia's water recycling system; as well as the water and international trade law.

Contents:

Intro

WATER RECYCLING AND WATER MANAGEMENT

CONTENTS

PREFACE

RUNOFF WATER HARVESTING AS A STRATEGY FOR INCREASING AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ON HILLSLOPE AREAS IN ARID AND SEMIARID ZONES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

FACTORS AFFECTING RUNOFF WATER HARVESTING DESIGN

METHODS OF RUNOFF WATER HARVESTING

Microcatchment Water Harvesting

Macrocatchment Water Harvesting

a. 'Wadi'-Bed Cultivation

b. Jessour

c. Water-Spreading

d. Large Bunds

RESEARCH INTO WATER HARVESTING IN ARID AND SEMIARID ZONES

a. Reducing Infiltration in Runoff Areas

b. Increasing Infiltration in Basin Areas

c. Reducing Evaporation and Increasing Water Storage in Basin Areas

d. Optimum Runoff Area/Basin Area Ratio

e. Effects of Soil Tillage

f. Effects on Biometric and Physiological Plant Parameters

g. Effects in Soil Fertility

h. Economic Analysis

RUNOFF WATER HARVESTING MODELLING

a. Deterministic Modelling Approach

b. Stochastic Modelling Approach

c. Geographic Information System Integration

d. Uncertainty Estimation

AGROFORESTRY COMBINED WITH WATER HARVESTING

CASE STUDY: AGROFORESTRY COMBINED WITH MICROCATCHMENT WATER HARVESTING IN THE SEMIARID ZONE OF CHILE

FUTURE CHALLENGES IN RUNOFF WATER HARVESTING

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

WATER MANAGEMENT IN DROUGHT-PRONE AREA

1. BACKGROUND

2. THE CONCEPTS, TYPES AND INDICES OF DROUGHT

Concept of Drought

Types of Drought

Indices of Drought

Percent of Normal

Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI)

Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI)

Crop Moisture Index (CMI)

3. WATER MANAGEMENT: APPROACHES AND STRATEGIES

Basic Approaches

Estimation of Demand and Supply of Water

Demand Estimation

Management Strategies of Water Resources

Demand Side Management.

Different Approaches of Demand Management

Description of Different Approaches

Metering and Pricing

Water Ordinance (by-Law)

Operational and Maintenance Measures Directing Reduce Water Loss

Water-Saving Irrigation Scheduling

Alternate Furrow Irrigation

Alternate Wetting and Drying of Rice Field

Soil Drying During Ripening of Crop

Deficit Irrigation

Adopting Efficient Irrigation Method

Water Loss Minimization

Public Awareness Approaches

Other Measures

Supply Side Management

Principal Options and Measures

Measures of Supply Management

Description of Different Measures

Development of Groundwater Source

Development of Surface Water Resource

Surface Storage and Groundwater Recharge

Rubber Dam - A New Prospect of Surface Water Storage/Harnessing

Increasing Groundwater Storage through Artificial Recharge

Methods of Groundwater Recharge

Recharge from Natural Water Bodies

Artificial Recharge

Recharge from Crop-lands by Making Ridge

Recharge through Canal Water Supply During Off-Irrigation Season

Recharge through Land-Overflow/Infiltration Basin

Recharge by Making Dam/Sluice Gates

Recharge by Making Large Reservoir

Recharge through Recharge Well

Rainwater Harvesting

Techniques of Rain-Water Harvesting

Rain-Water Harvest from External Catchment

In-Situ Rain-water Harvest

Harvesting in Farm-Pond

Sharing of International Rivers

Network Rehabilitation

Reallocation through Volumetric Constraints

Import of Virtual Water

Dual Water Supply System

Cloud Seeding

Use of Non-Conventional Water

4. WATER CONSERVATION MEASURES

Concept of Water Conservation

Principles or Approaches of Water Conservation

Reducing Evaporation

Water surfaces:

Dry-Land Farming

Reducing Evapo-Transpiration.

Irrigation Efficiency

Irrigation Scheduling

Antitranspirants

Natural Vegetation and Phreatophytes

Seepage Control

Reducing Quality Degradation

Using Super-Absorbents

Applications of Super-Absorbents

5. INCREASING WATER PRODUCTIVITY IN CROP PRODUCTION

Background and Concept of Water Productivity

Factors Affecting Water Productivity

Techniques to Improve WP

Deficit Supplemental Irrigation

Proper Sequencing of Water Deficit

Increasing Soil Fertility

By Improving Assimilate Partitioning to Grain (By Increasing Harvest Index and Harvest Ratio)

Wet-seeded or Direct-Seeded Rice

Priming of Seed

Application of Farmyard Manure / Organic Matter

Other Management Factors

Tillage

6. SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES IN WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

WATER MANAGEMENT IN SALT-AFFECTED AREAS

1.1. Extend of Salt Affected Soils

1.2. Classification of Saline Soils and Water

1.2.1. Classification of Saline Soils

Classification Based on Development Mode

Primary Salinity

Secondary Salinity

Classification Based on Sodium and SAR

Saline Soil

Sodic Soil

Saline-Sodic Soil

1.2.2 Classification of Saline Water

CAUSES OF SALINITY DEVELOPMENT

3. IMPACT OF SALINITY AND SODICITY

4. RELATIVE SALT TOLERANCE OF CROP

Variety

Growth Stage

5. USE OF SALINE WATER FOR CROP PRODUCTION

6. WATER MANAGEMENT IN SALINE SOILS

6.1. Management Strategies

Demand Side Management

6.2. Water Supply Management

Innovation /Development of New Source Of Supply

Harvesting Rainwater at Farm Pond or Canal

Increase in Groundwater Reserve Through Surface Water Recharge by Recharge Well

Mixing Saline Water with Fresh Water

Alternate Irrigation of Saline and Fresh Water

Irrigation with Saline Water at Less Sensitive Growth Stages.

Irrigation Management

6.3. Water Demand Management

Saline Irrigation with Chemical Amendment

Control of Upward Movement of Salts

Increasing Leaching Capacity

Growing Salt Tolerant Crop Variety

Providing Optimum Soil Moisture at Sowing/Early Stage

Irrigation at Alternate Furrows

Drip Irrigation

Sub-Surface Irrigation

6.4. Other Management Practices

Row / Seed Bed Manipulation

Optimum Fertilizer Application

Control of Saline Water

Removing Surface Salts

6.5. Pattern of Salinity and its Management: Case Study- Bangladesh

6.5.1. Land, Weather And Cropping Pattern

6.5.2. Farmers Management

6.5.3. Technological Intervention

6.5.4. Challenges Remaining

6.6. Challenges of Water Management in Saline Areas

WATER DISINFECTION USING PERACETIC ACID

1. INTRODUCTION

2. USE OF PERACETIC ACID AS DISINFECTANT

2.1. Peracetic Acid Characteristics and Commercialization

2.2. Peracetic Acid Mechanism of Disinfection and Kinetics

2.3. Wastewater Disinfection Using Peracetic Acid

2.3.1. Surface and Other Kinds of Water Disinfection

2.3.2. Primary Effluents from Wastewater Treatments

2.3.3. Secondary Effluents from Wastewater Treatments

2.3.4. Tertiary Effluents from Wastewater Treatments

2.4. The effect of peracetic acid and ultraviolet (UV) or Silver/Copper Combinations in Wastewater Disinfection

2.5. Other Uses of Peracetic Acid as Disinfectant in Water

2.6. Peracetic Acid Toxicity and Disinfection by-Products

WASTEWATER REUSE AND RECYCLING IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA

WASTEWATER REUSE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA: AN OVERVIEW

THE CURRENT STATE OF WASTEWATER REUSE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Zaria Water Recycling Plant

The Durban Water Recycling Project (South Africa).

BENEFITS OF WASTEWATER REUSE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

PROSPECTS FOR IMPROVED WASTEWATER REUSE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

WATER RECYCLING IN NIGERIA

Nigeria Water Resources Endowment

Water Reuse and Recycling in Nigeria

Rational for Wastewater Reuse in Nigeria

INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR WASTEWATER REUSE IN NIGERIA

PUBLIC PERCEPTION AND INTEREST IN WASTEWATER REUSE IN NIGERIA

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SECTOR IN NIGERIA

CONCLUSION: WATER RECYCLING AND THE MDGS IN NIGERIA

THE DEVELOPMENT OF AUSTRALIA'S WATER RECYCLING

WATER REFORM

URBAN WASTEWATER RECYCLING

Dual Reticulation Systems

Indirect Potable Recycling

Industrial and Environmental Use

Increasing Recycling

Recycled Water in Rural and Regional Areas

RECYCLED STORMWATER

Irrigation, Industrial and Environmental Remediation Use

Indirect Potable Stormwater Recycling

DESALINATION

FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES

REVIEW ON WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN

BACKGROUND

DEVELOPMENT OF WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN

ANALYSIS: PENDING ON WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN THE YELLOW RIVER BASIN

Fragmented Authoritarianism Hinders Sustainable Water Resources Management

Water Pollution Calls for Basin Scaled Planning and Management

Low Efficiency of Water Consumption Calls for Improvement of Water Saving Incentives and Actions

Flexibilities Need to Be Improved for Water Allocation between Wet and Dry Years

SUGGESTIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Reform and Innovation of Governance Structure

Selection of Appropriate Instruments

Enhanced Flexibilities for Water Allocation

GROUNDWATER POLLUTION DUE TO AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN A SEMIARID AREA

ABSTRACT.

INTRODUCTION.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher; resource not viewed.

ISBN:

1-61761-422-X

OCLC:

830627837