Environmental chemistry research progress / Paul Robinson and Richard Gallo, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Gallo, Richard, 1959-

Robinson, Paul, 1958-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Environmental chemistry.

Ecology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (269 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Photodissociation reactions play a vital role in initiating many chemical reactions in the atmosphere. This book presents a review on the photochemistry of alkyl nitrites, nitro compounds and carboxylic acid, with an emphasis on the recent progress in photodissociation dynamics by using laser induced fluorescent (LIF) technique. The use of artificial neural networks in predicting pollutants concentrations is also evaluated. Biodegradable materials are widely used in the biomedical field because there is no post-operative surgery after implantation. The use of nanofibres for tissue engineering is described, as well as the electrospinning technique as a way to fabricate controllable continuous nanofibre scaffold mimicking the ECM structure. Organochlorine pesticides, which have been used for decades as insecticides and for the control of vector-borne diseases, is looked at as well. Specifically, the use of organophosphorus pesticides as a replacement, their long-term persistance and their metabolites presented in water, sediments, soil and vegetables, as well as the modern strategies for the extraction of these compounds from environmental samples. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is one of the most eco-friendly polymeric materials. It is largely collected and consumed in the form of PET bottles in Japan. This trend will most likely become a world-wide phenomenon, however, there are also problems attributed to this material recycling system. These problems, as well as the new technology used to improve processability for PET, are examined in this book. The innovative 3R Recycle-Reuse-Reduce AGROCARBON technology, which provides recycling of agricultural organic and mineral by-products, is also discussed, as well as the process that upgrades by-products to high added-value plant growth promotion and natural fertilization products for environmentally friendly vegetable cultivation.

Contents:

""Environmental Chemistry Research Progress""; ""Contents""; ""Preface""; ""Food Crop Mineral Deficiency and Disturbance Stress Mitigation in Temperate Climatic Regions by Economical and Environmental Valorization of Agricultural By-products ""PROTECTOR""""; ""Abstract""; ""1. Abbreviations""; ""2. Introduction""; ""3. General Considerations: The Multidimensional Concerns of the Intensive Crop Production""; ""4. Trends in Fertilizer Use""; ""5. The Energy Demand of the Intensive Farming""; ""6. Nutrient Disturbance in Agricultural and Forest Soil""

""7. The Importance of the Nitrogen Mineral Fertilization""""8. Environmental Problems of Nitrogen Fertilizers""; ""9. The Importance of the Phosphorous Mineral Fertilization""; ""10. The Problem with the Effectiveness of Mineral Fertilizers""; ""11. Phosphate Rock Is a Finite, Non Renewable Natural Resource""; ""12. The Inorganic Contamination of Phosphate Rock (PR) Fertilizers""; ""13. The Environmental Risk of Phosphate Fertilizer Industry""; ""14. Greenhouse Gas Emission from Intensive Agriculture Activities""; ""15. Impact of the Kyoto Protocol on Agriculture""; ""16. Global Warming""

""17. Importance of SOM and Effects of Losses of Soil Carbon""""18. Environmental Benefits of Soil Organic Carbon""; ""19. Effects of Biochar Application""; ""20. How Much Biochar Can Be Added to Soil?""; ""21. Enhanced Soil Microbiological Activity by Charcoal""; ""22. Carbon Sequestration""; ""23. Biochar Production""; ""24. Potential Agrocarbon: Biochar Foodstock Characterization""; ""25. The Solution: Integrated Protector Technology for Recycling and Added Value Carbon Economy Upgrading of Organic and Inorganic Agro By-products""

""26. Protectorapplication Targets, Concepts and Priorities""""27. Development of Alternative Protector Strategies for Different Climatic, Environmental and Soil Conditions""; ""28. Sustainability of Protector Technology""; ""29. Protecting Soil Resources and Combating Climate Change""; ""30. Product Permit EU Authority and Commercial Field Cultivation Tests for Validation and Demonstration of Protector Agronomic and Nutrition Effectiveness""; ""31. Conclusion""; ""32. Future Trends""; ""33. Sources of Information and Advice""; ""References""

""Photochemistry of Alkyl Nitrites, Nitro Compounds and Carboxylic Acid: Dynamics of OH Formation""""Abstract""; ""Introduction""; ""2. Experimental Method""; ""3. Results and Discussions""; ""4. Summary and Conclusion""; ""Acknowledgement""; ""References""; ""Intelligent Air Quality Monitoring Using Connectionist Models""; ""Abstract""; ""1. Introduction""; ""2. Artificial Neural Networks: A Tutorial""; ""3. Case Studies""; ""4. Conclusions""; ""References""; ""Environmental Friendly Methods for the Extraction and Determination of Organophosphorus and Organochlorine Pesticides""

""Abstract""

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-60876-649-7

OCLC:

847650351