Brazil : an innovative income-led strategy.

Format:

Book

Series:

Studies on growth with equity.

Studies on growth with equity

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Brazil--Social policy.

Brazil.

Brazil--Economic conditions.

Physical Description:

xi, 126 p. : ill. (some col.).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Geneva : International Labour Organization : International Institute for Labour Studies, 2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Brazil, while not immune to the effects of the financial and economic crisis, has fared reasonably well compared to many countries in terms of economic and labour market performance. This report examines the way in which social protection measures were utilized in order to mitigate the social and economic effects of the crisis. It also addresses the challenges which lie ahead and the areas for improvement.

Contents:

Intro

Foreword

Table of Contents

List of abbreviations

Executive summary and policy recommendations

Chapter 1: Economic and labour market performance

Introduction

A. Macroeconomic developments and crisis transmission mechanisms

B. Labour market performance

C. Concluding remarks

References

Chapter 2: Brazil's policy response to the crisis

A. Why this crisis was different

B. Monetary, credit and exchange-rate policy

C. The fiscal stimulus package

D. Social dialogue to support the crisis response

E. Policy lessons and considerations

Chapter 3: Supporting employment by leveraging key sectors

A. Support to employment-oriented activities

B. Measures to spur employment creation

C. Policy lessons and considerations

Chapter 4: Stimulating aggregate demand through social protection

A. Social protection in Brazil

B. Responding to the crisis and impact of policies on recovery

Chapter 5: Lessons learned and remaining challenges

A. Lessons learned

B. Challenges ahead and areas for improvement

C. Concluding remarks and way forward

List of figures

Figure 1.1 GDP growth, quarterly real GDP rate, 2007-2010 (percentage change from one year earlier)

Figure 1.2 GDP growth by component and sector, Q2 2008-Q2 2010

Figure 1.3 Variations in real GDP and total employment between Q2 2008 and Q2 2010 (percentages)

Figure 1.4 Change in employment from peak to trough by country (percentages)

Figure 1.5 Employment in urban areas of Brazil, 2008-2010 (unadjusted, 000s)

Figure 1.6 Monthly unemployment rate and participation rate changes from previous year, 2008-2010.

Figure 1.7 Employment levels by age group, 2008-2010 (thousands)

Figure 1.8 Informal employment as a share of total employment, 2008-2010 (percentages)

Figure 1.9 Evolution of average nominal and real wages, 2008-2010 (R per month)

Figure 1.10 Inequality in Brazil, 1990-2009 (measured in Gini coefficient)

Figure 2.1 Public external debt and international reserves, 1997-2010 (US million)

Figure 2.2 Primary surplus as a percentage of GDP, 1998-2010 (flows accumulated over 12 months)

Figure 2.3 Fiscal stimulus in G20 countries as a percentage of GDP

Figure 3.1 Domestic credit growth, 2009 (percentages)

Figure 3.2 Change in formal employment by size of establishment, 2009 (percentages)

Figure 3.3 Manufactured industrial production, change from the same month of the previous year

Figure 3.4 Change in PAC disbursements to each sector, 2009 (percentages)

Figure 3.5 Change in formal employment by sector, 2008-2010

Figure 3.6 Service employment in the six major metropolitan areas, 2009-2010

Figure 4.1 Social security and social spending, Brazil and other selected countries, 2008

Figure 4.2 Trends in spending on social security by region, 1995-1998 and 2000-2008

Figure 4.3 Pension coverage in selected countries and regions (percentage of labour force)

Figure 4.4 Unemployment insurance beneficiaries, 2008-2009 (thousands)

Figure 4.5 Real value of the minimum wage, 2001-2010 (R, February 2010)

Figure 5.1 Impact of active labour market spending

Figure 5.2 Unemployed receiving unemployment benefits in selected countries, latest available year

Figure 5.3 Referral of unemployment insurance beneficiaries to a training course, Brazil, 2009 (percentage)

Figure 5.4 International PISA scores in math, reading and science, 2009.

Figure 5.5 Poverty rates in selected countries, latest year available, 2004-2008

Figure 5.6 Income inequality in G20 and selected Latin American countries, 2007 (Gini index)

Figure 5.7 Informal employment, 2001-2006

List of Tables

Table 2.1 Components of the fiscal stimulus package

Table 2.2 Planned investment in infrastructure: The Growth Acceleration Programme (PAC)

Table 2.3 Tax reductions included in the stimulus package

Table 3.1 Opinion on whether the following policies could contribute to avoiding dismissals

Table 4.1 Regional distribution of beneficiary families and of the poor, February 2009

Table 4.2 Workers earning the minimum wage, by occupational category and gender, 2008

List of boxes

Box 1.1 Crisis transmission channels in Brazil

Box 4.1 Brazil's retirement income system

Box 4.2 Brazil's unemployment insurance programme, 2010

Box 5.1 Maximizing microeconomic benefits of macroeconomic policy

Box 5.2 Direct support to employment

Box 5.3 Well-designed social protection measures

Box 5.4 A snapshot of labour market policies in Brazil

Box 5.5 Germany's short-time work programme.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

92-9014-959-0

OCLC:

757261158