A new green order? : the World Bank and the politics of the Global Environment Facility / Zoe Young.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Young, Zoe.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Environmental policy--Political aspects.

Environmental policy.

Environmental policy--International cooperation.

Environmental policy--Evaluation.

Global Environment Facility.

World Bank.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xii, 292 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London ; Sterling, Va. : Pluto Press, 2002.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The Global Environment Facility (GEF) is a publicly funded, multi-billion dollar experiment in global resource management. It was set up in 1991 under the auspices of the World Bank to fund international conventions on climate change and biodiversity. Investigating the workings of this little known aid fund, Zoe Young takes a critical look at the conflicts involved, focusing on how the GEF's agenda relates to questions of globalisation, knowledge and accountability in the United States and the World Bank. Zoe Young explains how the GEF was formed by Western governments to deflect protest against the environmental impacts of the World Bank and the IMF in the 1980s, while retaining control of the scope of the new treaties. She examines the central paradox of the GEF: although intended to promote reform and co-operation for 'global' conservation, the GEF cannot challenge damaging economic policies or powerful interest groups. Instead it has helped to put prices on nature and open up Southern resources and markets to 'global' experts and investors. As our landscapes, fertility, cultures and ecosystems are being destroyed every day, Zoe Young gives a disturbing account of the complex issues that must be addressed before the world's environment can be managed more democratically -- and effectively.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgements

List of Abbreviations and Acronyms

1. Greening the New World Order?

'The Future of the Earth' ... In Our Hands

The GEF in Context

Establishing the GEF

The GEF in Practice

Understanding the GEF

Outline of the Book

Conclusions

2. Global Enclosures and their Discontents

Globalisation and its Institutions

Shaping Development from Above

Integrating Environment and Development

Multilateral Environment Agreements

3. Creation of a Global Green Fund

The GEF's Initiation

The Institutional Arrangement Created

UNCED and After

4. Getting the New Facility in Order

Review and Restructuring

The New Governance Structure

The New Operational Structure

The New Issues Emerging

5. Putting Plans into Practice

Summary of GEF Project Work

Raising the Money

Sources of GEFable Projects

Allocating the Money

Distributing the Money

Devolving Finance

Risks in the GEF Portfolio

6. Competition, Cooperation and Distorted Feedback

Inside GEF

Relations in the GEF Family

Participation and Feedback

Democracy, Science and Knowledge

7. Can Anyone Save the World?

Revisiting Assessments

Sustaining Systems

Possible Alternatives to Spending on a GEF

Final Thoughts

Appendix I - Biographies of GEF Chairman/CEO and his Senior Advisory Panel of 1997

Appendix II - GEFOP Criteria

References

Index

Abidjan 86

Acselrad, H.

Acselrad, H 29

Acselrad, H 218

additionality

55 -6

70

116

149

Adivasis

172

184 -5

247 -50

253 -5

261

and Participants ' Assembly 197

and Participants ' Assembly 256 -7

interviews with 226

interviews with 259

interviews with 261n

Peoples ' Plan 207.

Peoples ' Plan 255 -6

AFL-CIO 224n

Africa

4

20

63 -4

104

143

154

African Virtual University 205n

agencies 187 -9

Agenda [21]

66

74

88

140

Aggarwal-Khan, Sheila

59

61

141n

agribusiness 215

aid

3

52

227

and environmental conditionality 39 -40

and environmental conditionality 89

and environmental conditionality 246

and political interests 30 -1

and political interests 222

environmental 73

environmental 88 -9

motivations for 30 -1

air quality

7

38

Annan, Kofi 213

Anti-Terrorism, Crime and Security Act [2001] 224

arboreta 61

Archer, Hutton

99n

197

Argentina

131n

144

Asea Brown Boveri 68

Asia Sustainable Growth Fund 139

Asian Development Bank 139

Audubon 35n

Australia 54

Aydin-Sipos, Zehra 229n

Ayres, Robert U. 218

Bacon, Francis 19

Bacon, Ian 243n

Bangkok 115

Bank Information Center 193n

Barbados 168

BASF 68

Beckmann, David 47

Beijing

212

Belarus

136n

Bernhard, Prince of the Netherlands 26

Bialowieza National Park 61

Bilderberg Group 26 -7

biodiversity conservation

37

44

101

176n

and incremental costs 116 -17

and local knowledge 75

and local knowledge 142

and local knowledge 205

and Structural Adjustment Programmes [SAPs] 134

data collection 164 -5

data collection 205

GEF projects 56n

GEF projects 60 -2

GEF projects 75

GEF projects 82 -3

GEF projects 130 -1

GEF projects 168

GEF projects 171

Biodiversity Conservation and Management project 62

bioprospecting

123

165

Birdlife International 133

Boehmer-Christiansen, Sonja

42

77

Bolivia 141

Bolton, John R. 30

Botswana

60

168

Bourdieu, Pierre

184

202.

Bowles, Ian A.

Bowles, Ian A 83

Bowles, Ian A 176n

BP

36

68

162

Brazil

45

213

Bread for the World 193n

Brentin, Tony

38n

Bretton Woods institutions

20 -1

58 -9

98

230

calls for abolition of 71

calls for abolition of 98

Brown, David 100

Brundtland Report

40

49

50

53

Brzezinski, Zbigniew 26

Budakattujanara Hakusthana Samithi [BKS] 253

Buenos Aires

125

bureaucracy

143 -4

157

173

207

214

215

Western liberal model 28

Bush, G.H.W.

Bush, G.W.

Buxa, West Bengal 251n

Cairncross, Alexander 28

Cameroon 61

Capacity 21 66n

carbon dioxide emissions

43

178

reduction of 11

reduction of 12

reduction of 54n

reduction of 63

reduction of 128

reduction of 135

reduction of 227

reduction of 243

carbon trading

54n

72

Carbon Trading Initiative 72

Cargill 68

Caribbean

167n

190

Cartagena, Colombia

81

88 -90

126

156

Cassen, Robert

30

208

Caterpillar 68

cattle ranching 45

Caufield, Catherine

15

62

134

136

Cavalcanti, Henrique Brandão 234

Center for our Common Future 50

Center of Agro-Ecological Technology for Small Farmers 168

Centre for Science and Environment [CSE]

10

CFCs

41

Chambers, Robert 201

Chile

23

China

55

73n

CIA

civil society

1

75

195

202

228

World Bank and 72

World Bank and 98

World Bank and 144

Clean Development Mechanism [CDM] 213

Climate Action Network 10

climate change

and incremental costs 116 -18

and Medium-Sized Grants programmes 171

GEF projects 60

GEF projects 63 -4.

GEF projects 83

GEF projects 114n

GEF projects 130

GEF projects 243 -6

RDBs and 138 -9

Climate Network Europe 147

Clinton, Bill 27n

Club of Rome 26

Coca Cola 68

Colombia 104

colonisation

19 -20

reparations 67

commodification

12

31 -2

203

community-based organisations [CBOs]

167

169

Conable, Barber

46

233

Conferences of the Parties [COPs]

to UN Conventions 10

to UN Conventions 88

to UN Conventions 120

to UN Conventions 121

to UN Conventions 125 -7

to UN Conventions 147

guidance from 121 -3

guidance from 148

Congo

conservation

energy 162

global 228 -9

local 4 -5

local 33

local 38

local 55n

local 58

local 226

national 226 -8

Conservation International

83

120

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species [CITES]

Convention to Combat Desertification 104

Conventions, UN

and evaluation of GEF 176

and GEF enabling activities 162 -4

and GEF Secretariat 105

and GEF Secretariat 121

and GEF Secretariat 148

and Governing Council 10

and Governing Council 127

and incremental costs 149

and Participants ' Assembly 103

creation of 41

finance for 5 -6

finance for 45 -7

finance for 72 -3

GEF as financial mechanism for 6 -7

GEF as financial mechanism for 52

GEF as financial mechanism for 64 -5

GEF as financial mechanism for 80 -1

GEF as financial mechanism for 119 -27

GEF as financial mechanism for 162

GEF as financial mechanism for 176

GEF as financial mechanism for 212 -13

overload 40

relationship with GEF 14

relationship with GEF 119 -27

relationship with GEF 148

relationship with GEF 188

reports to GEF 92.

representation on Governing Council 94

corporate regulation

224

229n

cost-benefit analyses

2

11

16

Costa Rica

138

164

205

Costa Rica Biodiversity Resources Development Project 205

Country Assistance Strategies 134

country-driven investment

139

141

166

193

Crested Mangabeys 62

Curtis, Mark 228n

Dahl, Birgitta 237

Daly, Herman 206

dams

29

142n

248

249 -50

Danube Delta Biodiversity 192n

deforestation

democracy

196 -9

200 -3

207 -8

223

excess of 27

Desai, Nitin 224

Devall, Bill 35

Development Forum 205n

Development Gateway 205n

displacement 4

dissent

71

223 -5

documentary

97n

259 -61

Douglas, Mary 171

DuPont 68

Earth First! 36

Earth Increment 52

Earth Negotiations Bulletin 97

eco-imperialism 56

Ecologist 32

Economic and Social Council [ECOSOC]

4n

22

economic collapses 4

Economic Development Institute 28

ecotourism

51

256

Ecuador Biodiversity protection 192n

Egypt

El-Ashry, Mohamed

57

93

180 -1

201

230n

232

and consensus in Governing Council 155

and Conventions 119

and Conventions 122

and COP guidance 122

and COP guidance 127n

and documentary on GEF 259 -60

and environmental business 217

and GEF Secretariat 10

and GEF Secretariat 71

and GEF Secretariat 93n

and GEF Secretariat 106

and Medium-Sized Grants programme 133

and Medium-Sized Grants programme 170

and NGO participation 103

and NGO participation 129

and NGO participation 133

and NGO participation 170

and NGO participation 196 -7

and private sector 76

and private sector 162

and professionalism 183.

and restructuring of GEF 84.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references (p. 262-277) and index.

ISBN:

9781849640732

1849640734

OCLC:

923332711