Remediation of soils and aquifers / Luis G. Torres and Erick R. Bandala, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Geng T., Luis.

Bandala, Erick R.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Soil remediation.

Soil pollution.

Water--Pollution.

Water.

Water--Purification.

Aquifer storage recovery.

Wellhead protection.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (272 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

The cost of cleaning up water and soil leads to the same undeniable conclusion: Existing models of industrial development are simply not sustainable from an ecological view point and they cost a lot of money in purely economic terms. Mexico is no exemption to this general rule and soil and groundwater contamination are neither here, nor in other Latin American countries a new or emerging issue. As an oil exporting nation, Mexico, historically has paid major attention to hydrocarbon contamination and its implications for the environment, especially when its impact was related to drinking water safety and public health criteria. It is only more recently, that a more generic and holistic approach has emerged, which has included other industrial sectors and their environmental liabilities. This new approach is directed towards the government´s and private industry´s extended obligation and responsibility in mega-site remediation, brown-field re-vitalization and the re-urbanization of degraded land. This book arose from the scientific interest and the environmental preoccupation of researchers and governmental representatives alike. They provide a concise overview of concepts and remediation/sanitation technologies available today. At the same time they bear witness to the wealth of solutions available in order to tackle the inherent and very serious problem of environmental degradation in Mexico.

Contents:

Intro

REMEDIATION OF SOILS AND AQUIFERS

CONTENTS

FOREWORD

Chapter 1 NATURAL ATTENUATION AND PHYTOREMEDIATION OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBON IMPACTED SOIL IN TROPICAL WETLAND ENVIRONMENTS

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

COMPARISON BETWEEN INTENSIVE AND MODERATE TECHNOLOGIES

NATURAL PROCESSES INVOLVED IN MITIGATION AND RESTORATION IN MARSHY ENVIRONMENTS

Adsorption/Absorption

Transpiration

Rhizosphere Biodegradation and Mineralization

Decomposition due to Root Enzymes

Biological Stabilisation (Humification)

Natural Biological Confinement

PHYTOREMEDIATION IN MARSHY AREAS

Oil Spill-Caused Impacts to Mangroves

Tolerance of Neotropical Plant Species to Hydrocarbon Contamination

Phytoremediation

Biological Confinement in Marshy Areas

PROSPECTIVES

REFERENCES

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Chapter 2 SOIL WASHING WASTEWATER TREATMENT USING ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES

WASTEWATER TREATMENT TECHNOLOGIES

ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES (AOPS)

HYDROCARBON CONTAINING SESW WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY AOPS

PESTICIDE CONTAINING SESW WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY AOPS

CONCLUSIONS

Chapter 3 ADVANCES ON PHYTOEXTRACTION

SOIL RESTORATION TECHNIQUES

Phytoextraction

A PHYTOEXTRACTION CASE STUDY: MIXTURE OF GRASS UTILIZED TO RESTORE AN INDUSTRIAL-URBAN SOIL

Methodology

Results and Discussion

Heavy Metals

Vegetation Growth

Phytoextraction Process Evaluation

CASE STUDIES ON PHYTOEXTRACTION

Chapter 4 USE OF GIS AS A TOOL TO DEFINE SOME HYDROGEOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SANTA ALEJANDRINA WETLAND IN VERACRUZ, MEXICO

GIS (THEORETICAL FRAME)

GENERAL FEATURES OF THE SITE

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Compilation of Information

Field Work.

Digital Modeling of the Terrain

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Chapter 5 NATURAL ATTENUATION OF CONTAMINATED SITES

1. INTRODUCTION

2. DEFINITION OF NATURAL ATTENUATION

NATURAL ATTENUATION PRESENTS THE FOLLOWING ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS

3. PROCESSES PARTICIPATING IN NATURAL ATTENUATION OF COMPOUNDS

3.1. Biodegradation

3.2. Biotransformation

3.3. Sorption

3.4. Chemical Transformation

3.5. Volatilization

3.6. Photooxidation

4. PROCESSES AND MECHANISMS INVOLVED IN NATURAL ATTENUATION

4.1. Mobility and Solutes Partition

4.2. Mobility and Metals Partition

5. MONITORING AND SAMPLING FOR NATURAL ATTENUATION I

5.1. Biological Indicators

5.2. Risk Assessment

6. STUDY CASES AND APPLICATION OF NATURAL ATTENUATION

6.1. Case Study of Natural Attenuation in Mexico

Chapter 6 APPLICATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENTS IN MEXICO

1.1. Regulatory policies

1.2. Environmental Risk Assessment Concepts

1.3. Case Study

1.3.1. Problem Formulation and Methodology

1.3.2. Analysis

1.3.3. Results (Risk Characterization) and Discussion

1.4. Other Mexican Experiences

Chapter 7 INMOBILIZATION OF CONTAMINANTS IN SOIL AND REUSE AS IMPERMEABLE LAYERS FOR GROUNDWATER PROTECTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

a) Optimal moisture content

b) Permeability

c) Lixiviation Tests

d) Column Functioning

e) Cadmium Immobilization Experiments

f) Application of the Technology

RESULTS Y DISCUSSION

Cadmium Immobilization Studies

INFILTRATION BEFORE REMEDIATION

INFILTRATION AFTER TREATMENT

Chapter 8 HYDROGEOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR MONITORING PROGRAMS DESIGN IN CONTAMINATED AQUIFERS

1. INTRODUCTION.

2. ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF A GROUNDWATER MONITORING PROGRAM

3. HYDROGEOLOGICAL CRITERIA FOR MONITORING PROGRAMS DESIGN

3.1. Conceptual Frame

3.1.1. Geology

Superficial Geology and Litho-stratigraphy

Subsurface Geology

3.1.2. Indirect Survey Methods

3.1.3. Hydrogeology

(1) Local Hydrogeological Features

(2) Local Potentiometric Surface

(3) Hydraulic and Transport Parameters

(4) Geochemical and Biological Properties

3.2. Distribution of the Monitoring Network and Sampling Frequency

3.2.1. Sampling Frequency

3.2.2. Spatial Distribution of the Sampling Network

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION APPLYING ANALYTICAL AND NUMERICAL METHODS

3.3. Sampling Type Selection

3.4. Automatized Aquifer Monitoring

3.5. Long Term Monitoring Programs Optimization

3.5.1. Overview

3.5.2. Considerations in Qualitative Evaluation

3.5.3. Considerations in Quantitative Evaluation (Temporal and Spatial Analysis)

3.5.4. Long Term Monitoring Program Optimization Tools

4. CONCLUSIONS

Chapter 9 CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION OF BIOPILES

Water

Ph

Temperature

Oxygen

Aerobic Respiration

Nutrients

ADVANTAGES

LIMITATIONS

TECHNICAL BASES FOR THE DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A BIOPILE (FAHNESTOCK ET AL., 1998)

Preparation of the Site

Preparation of the Base

Collection of Leachates

Aeration

Water Addition

Addition of Nutrients

2. PRACTICAL CASE

3. MATERIAL AND METHODS

AERATION SYSTEM

RESULTS

Hydrocarbon removal

Chapter 10 SURFACTANT FACILITATED REMEDIATION OF DNAPL IMPACTED SUB-SURFACE ENVIRONMENTS

DNAPL Behaviour in Sub-Surface Environments

DNAPLs are Multi-Component Liquid Mixtures

Remediation of DNAPL Contaminated Sub-Surface Systems

POOLED DNAPL REMOVAL.

REMOVAL OF RESIDUALLY TRAPPED DNAPL

DNAPL REMOVAL AND WETTING PROPERTY CHANGES

REMEDIATION BASED UPON SURFACTANT SOLUBILISATION

SURFACTANT RECYCLING AND RE-USE

CONCLUDING REMARKS

Chapter 11 ACTIVE FAULTS AND AQUIFER VULNERABILITY: A CASE STUDY FROM CELAYA, MEXICO

Study Area

Geology

a) Sintacs Method

Depth to Groundwater (S)

Net Recharge (I)

Autodepuration Effect of the Non-Saturated Zone (N)

Soil type (T)

Aquifer type (A)

Hydraulic Conductivity (C)

Topographic Gradient (S)

b) AVI method

C) Radon-222

d) Water Quality Index

E) Contamination Index (CI)

a) SINTACS

b) AVI

c) Rn-222

Water Quality (WQI) and Water Pollution (CI) Indexes

Chapter 12 CLOSURE OF TAILINGS DAMS AND REMEDIATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH MINING WASTES

2. EXTRACTION AND PROCESSING OF MINERALS

3. IMPACTS CAUSED ON THE ENVIRONMENT

4. MINING WASTES AND SOILS CONTAMINATION

5. CLOSURE OF MINING WASTE DEPOSITS

6. ALTERNATIVES FOR SOILS REMEDIATION

7. CASE STUDY

Chapter 13 SOIL WASHING FOR REMEDIATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS AND/OR METALS

ORIGIN OF THE PROBLEM

Some Issues Regarding Surfactants

TESTS FOCUSED IN THE SELECTION OF PROPER SURFACTANTS AND DOSES

Remediation of Soils Contaminated with Metals

Scaling-Up of SESW Aspects

Regarding to Costs

Soil Washing has some Limitations

Conclusions and Perspectives

AUTHOR LIST

INDEX

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-61728-578-1

OCLC:

662453050