Matter and motion / James Clark Maxwell.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Maxwell, James Clerk, 1831-1879.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Force and energy.

Motion.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (136 p.)

Place of Publication:

London : Electric Book Co., c2001.

Language Note:

English

Contents:

Intro

CONTENTS.

PREFACE (1877)

James Clerk Maxwell.

CHAPTER I.INTRODUCTION

1 Nature of Physical Science 6

2 Definition of a Material System 7

3 Definition of Internal and External 7

4 Definition of Configuration 7

5 Diagrams 8

6 A Material Particle 8

7 Relative Position of two Material Particles 8

8 Vectors 9

9 System of Three Particles 10

10 Addition of Vectors 10

11 Subtraction of one Vector from another 11

12 Origin of Vectors 11

13 Relative Position of Two Systems 12

14 Three Data for the Comparison of Two Systems 12

15 On the Idea of Space 13

16 Error of Descartes 14

17 On the Idea of Time 15

18 Absolute Space 16

19 Statement of the General Maxim of Physical Science 17

CHAPTER II.ON MOTION

20 Definition of Displacement 19

21 Diagram of Displacement 19

22 Relative Displacement 20

23 Uniform Displacement 21

24 On Motion 22

25 On the Continuity of Motion 22

26 On Constant Velocity 23

27 On the Measurement of Velocity when Variable 23

28 Diagram of Velocities 24

29 Properties of the Diagram of Velocities 25

30 Meaning of the Phrase "At Rest" 26

31 On Change of Velocity 26

32 On Acceleration 27

33 On the Rate of Acceleration 27

34 Diagram of Accelerations 28

35 Acceleration a Relative Term 28

CHAPTER III.ON FORCE

36 Kinematics and Kinetics 30

37 Mutual Action between Two Bodies-Stress 30

38 External Force 30

39 Different Aspects of the same Phenomenon 31

40 Newton's Laws of Motion 31

41 The First Law of Motion 31

42 On the Equilibrium of Forces 34

43 Definition of Equal Times 34

44 The Second Law of Motion 35

45 Definition of Equal Masses and of Equal Forces 36

46 Measurement of Mass 36

47 Numerical Measurement of Force 38.

48 Simultaneous Action of Forces on a Body 39

49 On Impulse 40

50 Relation between Force and Mass 41

51 On Momentum 41

52 Statement of the Second Law of Motion in Terms of Impulse and Momentum 42

Impulse and Momentum 42

53 Addition of Forces 42

54 The Third Law of Motion 43

55 Action and Reaction are the Partial Aspects of a Stress 43

56 Attraction and Repulsion 43

57 The Third Law True of Action at a Distance 45

58 Newton's Proof not Experimental 45

CHAPTER IV.ON THE PROPERTIES OF THE CENTRE OF MASS OF A MATERIAL SYSTEM

59 Definition of a Mass-Vector 47

60 Centre of Mass of Two Particles 47

61 Centre of Mass of a System 48

62 Momentum represented as the Rate of Change of a Mass-Vector 48

63 Effect of External Forces on the Motion of the Centre of Mass 49

64 The Motion of the Centre of Mass of a System is not affected by the Mutual Action of the Parts of the System 50

65 First and Second Laws of Motion 51

66 Method of treating Systems of Molecules 51

67 Introduction of the Idea of Mass 52

68 Definition of a Mass-Area 53

69 Angular Momentum 54

70 Moment of a Force about a Point 54

71 Conservation of Angular Momentum 55

CHAPTER V.ON WORK AND ENERGY

72 Definitions 57

73 Principle of Conservation of Energy 57

74 General Statement of thePrinciple of the Conservation of Energy 58

75 Measurement of Work 59

76 Potential Energy 60

77 Kinetic Energy 61

78 Oblique Forces 63

79 Kinetic Energy of Two Particles referred to their Centre of Mass 63

80 Kinetic Energy of a Material System referred to its centre of Mass 64

81 Available Kinetic Energy 66

32 Potential Energy 67

83 Elasticity 67

84 Action at a Distance 67

85 Theory of Potential Energymore complicated than that of Kinetic Energy 69.

86 Application of the Method of Energy to the Calculation of Forces 70

87 Specification of the [Mode ofAction] of Forces 71

88 Application to a System in Motion 72

89 Application of the Method of Energy to the Investigation of Real Bodies 73

90 Variables on which the Energy depends 73

91 Energy in Terms of the Variables 73

92 Theory of Heat 74

93 Heat a Form of Energy 74

94 Energy Measured as Heat 75

95 Scientific Work to be done 76

96 History of the Doctrine of Energy 76

97 On the Different Forms of Energy 77

CHAPTER VI.RECAPITULATION

98 Retrospect of Abstract Dynamics 80

99 Kinematics 80

100 Force 80

101 Stress 81

102 Relativity of Dynamical Knowledge 9

103 Relativity of Force 82

104 Rotation 83

105 Newton's Determination of the Absolute Velocity of Rotation 85

Rotation 85

106 Foucault's Pendulum 87

107 Matter and Energy 89

108 Test of a Material Substance 89

109 Energy not capable of Identification 90

110 Absolute Value of the Energy of a Body unknown 90

111 Latent Energy 91

112 A Complete Discussion of Energy would include the whole of Physical Science 91

CHAPTER VII.THE PENDULUM AND GRAVITY

113 On Uniform Motion in a Circle 92

114 Centrifugal Force 93

115 Periodic Time 93

116 On Simple Harmonic Vibrations 94

117 On the Force acting on the Vibrating Body 94

118 Isochronous Vibrations 95

119 Potential Energy of the Vibrating Body 95

120 The Simple Pendulum 96

121 A Rigid Pendulum 98

122 Inversion of the Pendulum 99

123 Illustration of Kater's Pendulum 100

124 Determination of the Intensity of Gravity 101

125 Method of Observation 101

126 Estimation of Error 102

CHAPTER VIII.UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION

127 Newton's Method 104

128 Kepler's Laws 104.

129 Angular Velocity 105

130 Motion about the Centre of Mass 105

131 The Orbit 106

132 The Hodograph 106

133 Kepler's Second Law 106

134 Force on a Planet 108

135 Interpretation of Kepler's Third Law 109

136 Law of Gravitation 110

137 Amended Form of Kepler's Third Law 110

138 Potential Energy due to Gravitation 111

139 Kinetic Energy of the System 112

140 Potential Energy of the System 113

141 The Moon is a Heavy Body 114

142 Cavendish's Experiment 115

143 The Torsion Balance 116

144 Method of the Experiment 117

145 Universal Gravitation 118

146 Cause of Gravitation 119

147 Application of Newton's Method of Investigation 120

148 Methods of Molecular Investigations 120

149 Importance of General and Elementary Properties 121

CHAPTER IX. ON THE EQUATIONS OF MOTION OF A CONNECTED SYSTEM

Absolute Space 16

Absolute Value of the Energy of a Body unknown 90

Acceleration a Relative Term 28

Action and Reaction are the Partial Aspects of a Stress 43

Action at a Distance 67

Addition of Forces 42

Addition of Vectors 10

Amended Form of Kepler's Third Law 110

Angular Momentum 54

Angular Velocity 105

Application of Newton's Method of Investigation 120

Application of the Method of Energy to the Calculation of Forces 70

Application of the Method of Energy to the Investigation of Real Bodies 73

Application to a System in Motion 72

Attraction and Repulsion 43

Available Kinetic Energy 66

Cause of Gravitation 119

Cavendish's Experiment 115

Centre of Mass of Two Particles 47

Centre of Mass of a System 48

Centrifugal Force 93

Complete Discussion of Energy would include the whole of Physical Science 91

Conservation of Angular Momentum 55

Definition of Configuration 7

Definition of Displacement 19.

Definition of Equal Masses and of Equal Forces 36

Definition of Equal Times 34

Definition of Internal and External 7

Definition of a Mass-Area 53

Definition of a Mass-Vector 47

Definition of a Material System 7

Definitions 57

Determination of the Intensity of Gravity 101

Diagram of Accelerations 28

Diagram of Displacement 19

Diagram of Velocities 24

Diagrams 8

Different Aspects of the same Phenomenon 31

Effect of External Forces on the Motion of the Centre of Mass 49

Elasticity 67

Energy Measured as Heat 75

Energy in Terms of the Variables 73

Energy not capable of Identification 90

Error of Descartes 14

Estimation of Error 102

External Force 30

First Law of Motion 31

First and Second Laws of Motion 51

Force 80

Force on a Planet 108

Foucault's Pendulum 87

General Statement of thePrinciple of the Conservation of Energy 58

Heat a Form of Energy 74

History of the Doctrine of Energy 76

Hodograph 106

Illustration of Kater's Pendulum 100

Importance of General and Elementary Properties 121

Interpretation of Kepler's Third Law 109

Introduction of the Idea of Mass 52

Inversion of the Pendulum 99

Isochronous Vibrations 95

Kepler's Laws 104

Kepler's Second Law 106

Kinematics 80

Kinematics and Kinetics 30

Kinetic Energy 61

Kinetic Energy of Two Particles referred to their Centre of Mass 63

Kinetic Energy of a Material System referred to its centre of Mass 64

Kinetic Energy of the System 112

Latent Energy 91

Law of Gravitation 110

Material Particle 8

Matter and Energy 89

Meaning of the Phrase "At Rest" 26

Measurement of Mass 36

Measurement of Work 59

Method of Observation 101

Method of the Experiment 117

Method of treating Systems of Molecules 51.

Methods of Molecular Investigations 120.

Notes:

"First published 1877."

OCLC:

70740782