DNA fingerprinting : an introduction / Lorne T. Kirby.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Kirby, Lorne T., 1938-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

DNA fingerprinting.

Forensic genetics--Technique.

Forensic genetics.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (382 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : W.H. Freeman, 1992.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

DNA fingerprinting is a revolutionary technique that enables scientists to match minute tissue samples and facilitates scientific studies on the composition, reproduction, and evolution of animal and plant populations. As a tool for positive identification of criminals, it plays a particularly important role in forensic science. The first book to be published in the field, DNA Fingerprinting is a practical guide to basic principles and laboratory methods as applied to a variety of fields including forensic analysis, paternity testing, medical diagnostics, animal and plant sciences, and wildlife poaching.

Contents:

Intro

CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION

HISTORY

A CASE FOR DNA

APPLICATIONS

REFERENCES

2. GENETIC PRINCIPLES

DNA STRUCTURE

Nuclear DNA

Organelle DNA

DNA FUNCTION

REPRODUCTION

LINKAGE

PEDIGREE ANALYSIS

MUTATION

RESTRICTION ENDONUCLEASES

CONCEPT OF POLYMORPHISM

RECOMBINANT DNA

BASE SEQUENCE DETERMINATION

OLIGONUCLEOTIDE SYNTHESIS

REPETITIVE SEQUENCE ORGANIZATION

NOMENCLATURE OF ARBITRARY DNA SEGMENTS

3. LABORATORY ORGANIZATION

LABORATORY SECTIONS

Office

Specimen Documentation

Specimen Processing

General Preparation

Vector Handling

Amplification by PCR

Hybridization and Radioisotope Handling

Darkroom

Result Interpretation

Tissue Culture

Wash-up Area

EQUIPMENT SUMMARY

OPERATION

Personnel

Work Flow

Safety

4. SPECIMENS

COLLECTION

STORAGE AND TRANSPORT

DNA EXTRACTION

Principles

Automated System

Manual System Organic Solvent Extraction

Manual System Nonorganic Solvent Extraction

DIALYSIS

RNAASE TREATMENT

QUANTITATION

DNA CONCENTRATION

QUALITY DETERMINATION

EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INCLUDING CONTAMINATING DNA ON DNA PROFILES

ANALYSIS REAGENTS

5. DNA AMPLIFICATION

POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AMP-FLPs)

Advantages of PCR

Pitfalls in PCR

A PCR Protocol

PROBE AMPLIFICATION

TISSUE CULTURE

6. ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES

RESTRICTION ENZYME CLEAVAGE

GEL-BLOT ORGANIZATION

Forensic

Parentage

Size Markers

ELECTROPHORESIS

Equipment

Reagents

Procedure

PHOTOGRAPHY

DNA RECOVERY

MEMBRANE TRANSFER

Southern Blots

Dot-(Slot-) Blots

RADIOISOTOPE PROBE LABELING

NONRADIOISOTOPE PROBE LABELING

HYBRIDIZATION

Procedures.

PCR Products

PRINT DETECTION

BLOT STRIPPING AND REPROBING

DATA PROCESSING

Allele Fragment Size Determination

Digital Analysis

The FBI System

Interpretation of Profile Matches

PROFILE REPORT

DNA PROFILE DATA BASES

POTENTIAL PITFALLS

TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE

ANALYSIS COST

7. PROBES, ALLELE MUTATIONS, AND RESTRICTION ENZYMES

PROBES

Polymorphism

Tandem Repeat Single-Locus vs. Multilocus Probes

Oligonucleotide Probes

Amplification and Stability

Availability

Probes Used in Forensic Analysis

MUTATIONS

Allele Formation

Genotype Analysis

RESTRICTION ENZYMES

Recognition Site Features

Fragment Resolution

Sensitivity to Inhibitors and Stability

Price and Availability

The Enzymes Selected for Forensic Analysis

8. PROBABILITY AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

STATISTICAL METHODOLOGY

Random Sampling

Data Presentation

Summary Statistics

Statistical Inference

Hypothesis testing

PROBABILITY

Probability of Combined Events: Addition and Multiplication Rules

Bayes' Theorem and Revision of Probabilities

Random Variables and Distributions

Genetic Applications of Probability

9. QUALITY CONTROL

DNA TEST SYSTEM STANDARDS

CORRECT SPECIMEN

DNA QUALITY

DNA CONTAMINATION

ANALYSIS CONTROL

SHEWHART SYSTEM

RESULT INTERPRETATION

10. LEGAL AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS

THE IMPACT OF DNA TYPING

THE LEGAL STANDARDS FOR ADMISSIBILITY OF DNA TYPING

The Frye Test

Ascertaining General Acceptance

Proper Application of the Technique

The Relevancy Test of Admissibility

Another Approach

Legislated Admissibility of DNA Typing

DNA Data Banking

LEGAL FOUNDATION FOR GENERAL ADMISSIBILITY

Obtaining Known and Unknown Biological Samples

Chain of Custody.

Proper Laboratory Procedures

PROCEDURAL AND ETHICAL CONCERNS

Procedural Safeguards

Ethical Concerns

CONCLUSION

NOTES

11. CASE APPLICATIONS

FORENSIC

Cases

PARENTAGE

MEDICAL

Applications

ANIMAL SCIENCES

WILDLIFE POACHING

The Smoking Gun

PLANT SCIENCES

FUTURE

APPENDIX I: GUIDELINES FOR A QUALITY ASSURANCE PROGRAM FOR DNA RESTRICTION FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS

APPENDIX II: THE COMBINED DNA INDEX SYSTEM (CODIS): A THEORETICAL MODEL

APPENDIX III: SUPPLIERS OF DNA ANALYSIS EQUIPMENT, PRODUCTS, OR SERVICES

GLOSSARY

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

X

Y

Z

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

NAME INDEX

J

K

SUBJECT INDEX

Z.

Notes:

Originally published: New York : Stockton Press, c1990.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

0-19-756122-5

1-280-47118-2

9786610471188

1-60256-264-4