Aristotle on false reasoning : language and the world in the Sophistical refutations / Scott G. Schreiber.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Schreiber, Scott G. (Scott Gregory), 1952-

Series:

SUNY series in ancient Greek philosophy

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Reasoning.

Fallacies (Logic).

Aristotle.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (265 p.)

Place of Publication:

Albany : State University of New York Press, c2003.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

A comprehensive look at Aristotle's treatise on logical fallacies.

Contents:

Intro

Aristotle on False Reasoning

Contents

List of Abbreviations

Preface

Introduction: Reasoning and the Sophistical Refutations

ARISTOTLE ON THE KINDS OF REASONING

THE SOPHISTICAL REFUTATIONS

OUTLINE OF THE BOOK

Part 1: Fallacies Due to Language

1. The Power of Names

NAMING IS NOT LIKE COUNTING

"COUNTERS"

"SIGNIFIERS"

CONCLUSION

2. Homonymy and Amphiboly

INTRODUCTION

THE SIX SOURCES OF FALSE REASONING DUE TO LANGUAGE

HOMONYMY

Homonymy in the Categories

Homonymy in S.E.

AMPHIBOLY

Amphiboly in S.E.

Amphiboly Outside the Organon

Problems with Aristotle's Distinction: The Argument of S.E. 17

3. Form of the Expression

FORM OF THE EXPRESSION AS A CATEGORY MISTAKE

Confusion of Substance with Quantity

Confusion of Substance with Relative

Confusion of Substance with Quality

Confusion of Substance with Time

Confusion of Activity with "Being-Affected"

Confusion of Activity with Quality

FORM OF THE EXPRESSION FALLACIES THAT ARE NOT CATEGORY MISTAKES

Confusion of a Particular with a Universal

Confusion of One Particular Substance with Another

Confusions Based on Gender Terminations

FORM OF THE EXPRESSION AND SOLECISM: ARISTOTLE AND PROTAGORAS

FORM OF THE EXPRESSION AS A LINGUISTIC FALLACY OF DOUBLE MEANING

4. Composition, Division, and Accent

DIFFICULTIES AND PROCEDURE

FALLACIES DUE TO ACCENT

FALLACIES DUE TO COMPOSITION AND DIVISION (C/D)

C/D Fallacies Are Not Examples of Double Meaning

The Primacy of Oral Speech

Further Examples

Confusing Linguistic Parts and Wholes

C/D Fallacies in the Rhetoric

Part 2: Resolutions of False Arguments

5. Resolutions of False Arguments

PRINCIPLES OF ARISTOTELIAN ANALYTICAL METHOD

TWO KINDS OF RESOLUTION.

THE PRINCIPLE OF PARSIMONY

PROPER REFUTATIONS AND THEIR DEFECTS: IGNORATIO ELENCHI

RESOLUTIONS OF FALLACIES DUE TO LANGUAGE

How These Fallacies Violate the De.nition of a Refutation

The Unity of Composition and Division: S.E. 23

The Extralinguistic Component of Resolutions to Linguistic Fallacies

Part 3: Fallacies Outside of Language

6. Begging the Question and Non-Cause As Cause

THE FALLACY OF BEGGING THE QUESTION

Begging the Question in the Prior Analytics

Begging the Question in Dialectical Reasoning

Begging the Question and Immediate Inferences

RESOLUTIONS

THE FALLACY OF TREATING A NON-CAUSE AS CAUSE

7. Accident and Consequent

FALLACIES DUE TO ACCIDENT AND THEIR RESOLUTIONS

FALSE RESOLUTIONS TO FALLACIES DUE TO ACCIDENT

False Resolutions by Appeal to Linguistic Equivocation

False Resolutions by Appeal to Oblique Context

False Resolutions by Citing Missing Qualifications

Final Remarks on Double Meaning and Fallacies Due to Accident

HISTORICAL REASONS FOR TREATING FALLACIES DUE TO ACCIDENT AS ERRORS OF LOGICAL FORM

FALLACIES DUE TO CONSEQUENT

Introduction

Aristotle's Examples

8. Secundum Quid

TWO TYPES OF SECUNDUM QUID FALLACY

RESOLUTIONS OF SECUNDUM QUID FALLACIES

SECUNDUM QUID AS A FALLACY OUTSIDE OF LANGUAGE: ARISTOTLE'S POSITION

PROBLEMS WITH ARISTOTLE'S POSITION

9. Many Questions

DISJUNCTIVE AND CONJUNCTIVE PREMISES

Disjunctive Premises

Conjunctive Premises

RESOLUTIONS OF FALLACIES DUE TO MANY QUESTIONS

HOMONYMY AND AMPHIBOLY AS CASES OF MANY QUESTIONS

UNITY OF PREDICATION VERSUS UNITY OF DEFINITION: THE PROBLEM OF DE INTERPRETATIONE

de Interpretatione 5

de Interpretatione 8 and 11

Conclusion and Summary.

Appendix 1: Paralogisms in Aristotle

Appendix 2: Words and Counters-Platonic Antecedents

Appendix 3

Appendix 4: Platonic and Academic Background to Secundum Quid

Notes

CHAPTER 1

CHAPTER 2

CHAPTER 3

CHAPTER 4

CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER 6

CHAPTER 7

CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 9

CONCLUSION AND SUMMARY

APPENDIX 1

APPENDIX 2

APPENDIX 3

APPENDIX 4

Bibliography

Index of Names

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

R

S

T

U

W

Z

Subject Index

U.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references (p. 233-240) and indexes.

ISBN:

9780791487181

0791487180

9781417524082

1417524081

OCLC:

61367702