Early globalization and the economic development of the United States and Brazil / John DeWitt.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

DeWitt, John, 1934-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Globalization.

United States--Economic conditions.

United States.

Brazil--Economic conditions.

Brazil.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (199 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Distribution:

London : Bloomsbury Publishing, 2024

Place of Publication:

Westport, Conn. : Praeger, 2002.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Placing the controversial globalization process in historical context, DeWitt brings this increasingly important topic to life through the experiences of the two most populous states of the Western Hemisphere-Brazil and the United States. Comparing their development processes from the Colonial Era to 1900, he highlights the dramatically different consequences that are incorporated into the world economy for these two states. Sharing similar experiences during the Colonial Era, the countries' internal differences and differing relationships with Great Britain, the economic superpower of the 19th century, led to very different development paths. By 1900, the United States had become a member of the economic core, while Brazil remained mired in the semi-periphery. Pointing out the similarities and differences in the economic development of the United States and Brazil, DeWitt emphasizes that the manner of incorporation into the world economy greatly affected one becoming a superpower and the other remaining a developing nation. This book offers unique insights into globalization, economic development, and the histories of the United States and Brazil.

Contents:

Cover

Early Globalization and the Economic Development of the United States and Brazil

Contents

Illustrations

MAPS

Acknowlegments

Introduction

"NATIONAL CHARACTER"

MODERNIZATION THEORY AND DEPENDENCY THEORY

THESIS OF THIS BOOK

FIVE HUNDRED YEARS OF GLOBALIZATION

AUTHOR'S VIEWPOINT

CHAPTER SUMMARIES

NOTES

CHAPTER 1 The Mother Countries: World Power and Vassal State

Mercantilism Dominates Colonial Policies

PORTUGAL: FROM GLORY TO SUBSERVIENCE

Treaties with Great Britain Reduce Portugal to Vassalage

GREAT BRITAIN: THE RISE OF A SUPERPOWER

Agricultural Revolution Increases Production, Consolidates Farms

The First Industrial State: Textile Exports Lead the Way

The British Empire Spanned the Globe

MERCANTILISM: CORE STATE POLICY FOR THREE CENTURIES

British Mercantilism: Policies of a Strong State

The Navigation Acts: Britannia Rules the Waves

Agricultural Policy: Corn Laws Protect Domestic Producers

Colonies to Consume Manufactures, Not Make Them

West Indian Trade Vital to Mainland Colonists

Portuguese Mercantilism: Weak State with a Rich Colony

Manufacturing Banned in Brazil

The Effects of Mercantilism

From Mercantilism to Free Trade

CHAPTER 2 Atlantic Ocean Circulation Systems, Early Settlements, and Land Distribution Systems

ATLANTIC OCEAN CIRCULATION SYSTEMS

Currents of the North and South Atlantic

The Route to the Fisheries

The Route to the Caribbean

The Route to Brazil

Atlantic Systems of Trade and Commerce

EUROPEAN SETTLEMENTS IN THE AMERICAS

Populating the Colonies: Europeans and Africans

Plantation Colonies: The Darlings of Mercantilists

Peripheral Colonies: On the Plantation Margins

From Peripheral Colony to Plantation Colony: Georgia and Maranhão

Maranhão: Slaves Produce Cotton and Rice for Europe.

Georgia: Plantations and Slave Labor Doom a Noble Experiment

Two Civilizations in British America, One in Portuguese America

LAND DISTRIBUTION METHODS

Pioneers and Posseiros

United States: Land Policy Favors Family Farmers

Homestead Act of 1862

Brazil: Land Policy Favors Large Landowners

The Land Law of 1850

RURAL POOR IN THE SOUTH AND IN BRAZIL SHARE SIMILAR FATES

CHAPTER 3 Plantation Agriculture Creates a New World Civilization

THE SOUTH AND BRAZIL: DEPENDENT ON AFRICAN SLAVES

PLANTATION MONOCULTURE: ONE CROP FOR EXPORT

PLANTATIONS WERE SELF-SUFFICIENT AND SELF-CONTAINED

PLANTERS DOMINATE THE ECONOMY, POLITICS, AND SOCIETY

PLANTATION AMERICA WAS RURAL AMERICA

ALL CAPITAL INVESTED IN LAND AND SLAVES

FEW INDUSTRIES IN PLANTATION AMERICA

Ponta de Areia and the Tredogar Ironworks

Ponta de Areia

Tredogar Ironworks

INTENSE CONTEMPT FOR MANUAL LABOR

IMMIGRANTS REPELLED BY PLANTATION REGIONS

A NEW WORLD CIVILIZATION

Chapter 4 Engines of Economic Development (Part I): Fishing, Whaling, and Ship Construction

ABUNDANT FISH IN THE NORTH ATLANTIC

Fishing Environments

European Competition for the Great Fishery

United States: "The Staple from Hence to Produce Is Fish"

SCANT FISH RESOURCES OFF BRAZIL's EXTENSIVE COASTLINE

COURAGEOUS FISHERMEN: GLOUCESTERMEN AND JANGADEIROS

Gloucestermen: Captains Courageous

Jangadeiros: Their Valor Consecrated by Poets

WHALING: AMERICANS SAIL SEVEN SEAS

BRAZILIANS HUG THE COAST

United States: The Leading Whaler of the World

Brazil: Longboat Whaling

SHIP CONSTRUCTION

Portuguese America/Brazil: Shipbuilding Falls Short of Potential

Mainland British America/United States

Chapter 5 Engines of Economic Development (Part II): Trade, Commerce, and Family Farm Agriculture

INVISIBLES.

THE ROLE OF MERCHANTS

TRADE AND COMMERCE

The Slave Trade

Brazil: Tobacco Traded for Slaves to Grow Sugar

Rhode Island: Rum Traded for Slaves to Trade for Molasses to Make Rum

The West Indian Trade: "We Have Occasion for Each Other"

Coastal Commerce

Foreign Trade

SALEM AND PARATY: A TALE OF TWO PORT CITIES

Salem: Its Ships Traded in All Ports of the World

Paraty: Gold and Coffee Exported to the World

FAMILY FARM AGRICULTURE: ESSENTIAL COMPONENT OF DEVELOPMENT

Early Pennsylvania Prosperity Based on Family Farm Agriculture

THE CIVILIZATION OF NEW ENGLAND AND THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC COLONIES

Chapter 6 1808: "Economic Fault Line" and "Line of Demarcation"

Protectionism and Free Trade as Development Strategies

FROM THE FRYING PAN OF MERCANTILISM TO THE FIRE OF FREE TRADE

MARITIME DISASTER SPARKS INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

SAMUEL SLATER: FATHER OF THE AMERICAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY

POLITICAL ECONOMISTS: ALEXANDER HAMILTON AND VISCOUNT CAIRU

Alexander Hamilton: Brilliant Visionary

Viscount Cairu: Staunch Advocate of Free Trade

PROTECTIONIST UNITED STATES, FREE TRADER BRAZIL

Chapter 7 Global Economy Relationships between Core and Noncore States

GREAT BRITAIN AND BRAZIL

The Aberdeen Act

Racism Influences Policy

Racist Theories and Religious Bigotry

Lord Palmerston Attacks

GREAT BRITAIN AND THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR

THE GLOBALIZATION OF INDIA, CHINA, AND JAPAN

Indian Textile Industry Destroyed by Globalization

China Bludgeoned into World Economy

Japan Joins the Global Economy after Two Centuries of Seclusion

THE UNITED STATES AND JAPAN JOIN THE CORE WHILE BRAZIL, INDIA, AND CHINA REMAIN IN THE SEMIPERIPHERY

Chapter 8 Nineteenth-Century Transformations

ABOLITION OF SLAVERY AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF POLITICAL POWER.

The United States: Planter Political Power Destroyed

Brazil: Large Landowners Retain Political Power after Abolition

RURAL POOR EXPLOITED IN FORMER SLAVE AREAS

Rural Workers Had No Alternative to Servile Existence

Racist Theories Justify Exploitation, Stunt Economic Development

CREATING A NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION NETWORK

Hydrologic Systems

Railroads Unify Territory of United States

Brazilian Railroads Concentrated in South and Southeast

SOUTHERN INDUSTRY: JULEPS FOR THE FEW AND PELLAGRA FOR THE CREW

COFFEE PRODUCTION BOOMS ON THE SÃO PAULO PLATEAU

Chapter 9 From the Colonial Era to the Gilded Age and the Belle Epoque

UNITED STATES: AN INDUSTRIAL POWER

BRAZIL: AN AGRICULTURAL GIANT

THE DARK SIDE OF DEVELOPMENT

The Gilded Age of the United States

The Belle Epoque of Rio de Janeiro

SOCIAL DARWINISM JUSTIFIES SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC INEQUITIES

THE FUTURE LIES AHEAD

Selected Bibliography

Index

About the Author.

Notes:

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Includes bibliographical references (p. [167]-173) and index.

ISBN:

9798400642975

9786610927715

9781280927713

1280927712

9780313010712

0313010714

OCLC:

70749477