Radioisotope gauges for industrial process measurements / Geir Anton Johansen, Peter Jackson.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Johansen, Geir Anton.

Contributor:

Jackson, Peter, 1946 October 21-

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radioisotopes--Industrial applications.

Radioisotopes.

Radiation--Measurement--Instruments.

Radiation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (335 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, Wewst Sussex, England ; Hoboken, N.J. : J. Wiley & Sons, c2004.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

In order to fully utilise nucleonic measurement principles and their applications, it is important to have an understanding of the underlying physics. Radioisotope Gauges for Industrial Process Measurements combines theoretical background with practical experience in order to present an accessible overview of the use of radioisotopes in industry. This unique book explains the modes of operation of installed gauges and presents nucleonic methods relevant to measurement problems. The first part of the book deals with radiation sources, the interaction of radiation with matter and radiation

Contents:

Radioisotope Gauges for Industrial Process Measurements; Contents; Preface; Symbols, Units and Abbreviations; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Ionising Radiation; 1.2 Industrial Nucleonic Measurement Systems; 1.3 Historical Perspective; 1.4 The Objective of This Book; 2 Radiation Sources; 2.1 A Primer on Atomic and Nuclear Physics; 2.1.1 Radioactive Decay; 2.1.2 Modes of Decay; 2.1.3 γ-Rays; 2.1.4 Competitive Modes of Disintegration; 2.1.5 Characteristic X-rays; 2.1.6 Bremsstrahlung; 2.1.7 Activity and Half-life; 2.1.8 Radiation Energy; 2.1.9 Summary of Radioisotope Emissions; 2.2 Radioisotope Sources

2.2.1 Important Source Properties 2.2.2 Natural Sources; 2.2.3 Tracers; 2.2.4 Sealed Sources; 2.3 Other Radiation Sources; 2.3.1 X-ray Tubes; 2.3.2 Nuclear Reactors; 2.3.3 Accelerators; 2.4 Sealed Radioisotope Sources Versus X-ray Tubes; 3 Interaction of Ionising Radiation with Matter; 3.1 Charged Particle Interactions; 3.1.1 Linear Stopping Power; 3.1.2 Range; 3.1.3 Charged Particle Beam Intensity; 3.2 Attenuation of Ionising Photons; 3.2.1 The Intensity and the Inverse-Square Law; 3.3 The Attenuation Coefficient of Ionising Photons; 3.3.1 The Photoelectric Effect; 3.3.2 Compton Scattering

3.3.3 Rayleigh Scattering 3.3.4 Pair Production; 3.3.5 Attenuation Versus Absorption; 3.3.6 Mean Free Path and Half-thickness; 3.4 Attenuation Coefficients of Compounds and Mixtures; 3.4.1 The Attenuation Coefficient of Homogeneous Mixtures; 3.4.2 The Linear Attenuation Coefficients of Chemical Compounds; 3.4.3 Attenuation in Inhomogeneous Materials; 3.5 Broad Beam Attenuation; 3.5.1 The Build-Up Factor; 3.5.2 Build-Up Discrimination; 3.5.3 The 'Effective' Attenuation Coefficient; 3.6 Neutron Interactions; 3.7 Effective Atomic Number; 3.8 Secondary Electrons; 4 Radiation Detectors

4.1 Principle of Operation 4.2 Detector Response and Spectrum Interpretation; 4.2.1 Window Transmission and Stopping Efficiency; 4.2.2 The Noiseless Detection Spectrum; 4.2.3 Detector Models; 4.2.4 The Real Detection Spectrum; 4.2.5 Signal Generation in Ionisation Sensing Detectors; 4.2.6 Signal Generation in Scintillation Sensing Detectors; 4.3 Purposes and Properties of Detector Systems; 4.3.1 Energy, Temporal and Spatial Resolution; 4.3.2 Important Properties; 4.4 Gaseous Detectors; 4.4.1 Detector Types; 4.4.2 Wall Interactions; 4.4.3 The Ionisation Chamber; 4.4.4 The Proportional Counter

4.4.5 The Geiger-Muller Tube 4.5 Semiconductor Detectors; 4.5.1 Electrical Classification of Solids; 4.5.2 Impurities and Doping of Semiconductors; 4.5.3 The pn Junction; 4.5.4 The PIN Silicon Detector; 4.5.5 Compound Semiconductor Detectors; 4.5.6 Characteristics of Semiconductor Detectors; 4.6 Scintillation Detectors; 4.6.1 Plastic Scintillators; 4.6.2 Common Scintillation Crystals and Their Properties; 4.6.3 The Photomultiplier Tube; 4.6.4 Electron Multiplier Types; 4.6.5 Photodiodes for Scintillation Light Read-Out; 4.6.6 Scintillation Detector Assembling; 4.6.7 Temperature Effects

4.6.8 Ageing

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references (p. [285]-297) and index.

Description based on metadata supplied by the publisher and other sources.

ISBN:

9786610275168

9781280275166

1280275162

9780470021088

047002108X

9780470021095

0470021098

OCLC:

56476688