Life cycle assessment : a guide to best practice / Walter Klöpffer and Birgit Grahl.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Klöpffer, Walter, author.

Grahl, Birgit, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Product life cycle--Mathematical models.

Product life cycle.

Life cycle costing--Methodology.

Life cycle costing.

Industrial ecology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (412 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany : Wiley-VCH, 2014.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This first hands-on guide to ISO-compliant Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) makes this powerful tool immediately accessible to both professionals and students. Following a general introduction on the philosophy and purpose of LCA, the reader is taken through all the stages of a complete LCA analysis, with each step exemplified by real-life data from a major LCA project on beverage packaging. Measures as carbon and water footprint, based on the most recent international standards and definitions, are addressed. Written by two pioneers of LCA, this practical volume is targeted at first-time LC

Contents:

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); Contents; Preface; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 What Is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)?; 1.1.1 Definition and Limitations; 1.1.2 Life Cycle of a Product; 1.1.3 Functional Unit; 1.1.4 LCA as System Analysis; 1.1.5 LCA and Operational Input-Output Analysis (Gate-to-Gate); 1.2 History; 1.2.1 Early LCAs; 1.2.2 Environmental Policy Background; 1.2.3 Energy Analysis; 1.2.4 The 1980's; 1.2.5 The Role of SETAC; 1.3 The Structure of LCA; 1.3.1 Structure According to SETAC; 1.3.2 Structure of LCA According to ISO; 1.3.3 Valuation - a Separate Phase?; 1.4 Standardisation of LCA

1.4.1 Process of Formation 1.4.2 Status Quo; 1.5 Literature and Information on LCA; References; Chapter 2 Goal and Scope Definition; 2.1 Goal Definition; 2.2 Scope; 2.2.1 Product System; 2.2.2 Technical System Boundary; 2.2.2.1 Cut-Off Criteria; 2.2.2.2 Demarcation towards System Surrounding; 2.2.3 Geographical System Boundary; 2.2.4 Temporal System Boundary/Time Horizon; 2.2.5 The Functional Unit; 2.2.5.1 Definition of a Suitable Functional Unit and a Reference Flow; 2.2.5.2 Impairment Factors on Comparison - Negligible Added Value; 2.2.5.3 Procedure for Non-negligible Added Value

2.2.6 Data Availability and Depth of Study 2.2.7 Further Definitions; 2.2.7.1 Type of Impact Assessment; 2.2.7.2 Valuation (Weighting), Assumptions and Notions of Value; 2.2.7.3 Critical Review; 2.2.8 Further Definitions to the Scope; 2.3 Illustration of the Component 'Definition of Goal and Scope' Using an Example of Practice; 2.3.1 Goal Definition; 2.3.2 Scope; 2.3.2.1 Product Systems; 2.3.2.2 Technical System Boundaries and Cut-Off Criteria; 2.3.2.3 Demarcation to the System Surrounding; 2.3.2.4 Geographical System Boundary; 2.3.2.5 Temporal System Boundary

2.3.2.6 Functional Unit and Reference Flow 2.3.2.7 Data Availability and Depth of Study; 2.3.2.8 Type of Life Cycle Impact Assessment; 2.3.2.9 Methods of Interpretation; 2.3.2.10 Critical Review; References; Chapter 3 Life Cycle Inventory Analysis; 3.1 Basics; 3.1.1 Scientific Principles; 3.1.2 Literature on Fundamentals of the Inventory Analysis; 3.1.3 The Unit Process as the Smallest Cell of LCI; 3.1.3.1 Integration into the System Flow Chart; 3.1.3.2 Balancing; 3.1.4 Flow Charts; 3.1.5 Reference Values; 3.2 Energy Analysis; 3.2.1 Introduction; 3.2.2 Cumulative Energy Demand (CED)

3.2.2.1 Definition 3.2.2.2 Partial Amounts; 3.2.2.3 Balancing Boundaries; 3.2.3 Energy Content of Inflammable Materials; 3.2.3.1 Fossil Fuels; 3.2.3.2 Quantification; 3.2.3.3 Infrastructure; 3.2.4 Supply of Electricity; 3.2.5 Transports; 3.3 Allocation; 3.3.1 Fundamentals of Allocation; 3.3.2 Allocation by the Example of Co-production; 3.3.2.1 Definition of Co-production; 3.3.2.2 'Fair' Allocation?; 3.3.2.3 Proposed Solutions; 3.3.2.4 Further Approaches to the Allocation of Co-products; 3.3.2.5 System Expansion; 3.3.3 Allocation and Recycling in Closed-Loops and Re-use

3.3.4 Allocation and Recycling for Open-Loop Recycling (COLR)

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed April 12, 2014).

ISBN:

9781523115464

1523115467

9783527655649

3527655646

9783527655625

352765562X

9783527655656

3527655654

OCLC:

878147433