Preparing urban water use efficiency plans : a best practice guide / Lisa Maddaus, William Maddaus and Michelle Maddaus.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Maddaus, Lisa A.

Contributor:

Maddaus, William.

Maddaus, Michelle L.

Series:

Best Practice Guides on Metals and Related Substances in Drinking Water Ser.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Municipal water supply--Planning.

Municipal water supply.

Municipal water supply--Management.

Water conservation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (246 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

IWA Publishing 2013

London, England : IWA Publishing, 2014.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Many communities are facing water scarcity in developing and developed countries alike. There are numerous publications and on-going research studies documenting the changes in our climate and potential for worsening shortages in our future. Meeting future potable water demands as communities continue to grow will rely heavily on using our existing water resources more efficiently. Preparing Urban Water Use Efficiency Plans provides detailed approaches to developing and implementing a water conservation plan. This book covers the broad spectrum of conservation planning for urban communities including achieving more efficiency from: Residential domestic uses, Commercial and governmental facilities use, Industrial uses, Pricing Water Loss Control Programs. The steps in the Guide clearly outline and provide sample calculations to aid determining which water use efficiency activities are financially justifiable to undertake. The end result is a plan that policy decision makers can adopt and fund, and that water service provider staff can implement to help increase their community's water reliability. It includes numerous case studies and a Microsoft Excel based software tool to allow planners to evaluate the business case for implementing various water conservation activities. This book is an essential resource for professionals in water and wastewater resources, particularly for planners and engineers. It is also a useful guide for Post Graduate and Undergraduate students.

Contents:

Cover

Copyright

Contents

List of Case Studies

About the authors

Acknowledgements

Foreword

Preface

Abbreviations

Chapter 1: Introduction

1.1 Purpose of this Publication

1.2 Definition of Efficient Water Use

1.3 Benefits of Water Efficiency

1.3.1 Summary of water utility benefits

1.3.2 Summary of wastewater utility benefits

1.3.3 Summary of customer benefits

1.3.4 Summary of environmental benefits

1.3.5 Summary of energy utility and other benefits

1.4 Objectives of Water-Use Efficiency Planning

1.5 Water-Use Efficiency Plans and Funding Assistance Policies

1.6 Publication Outline

Case Study 1

Chapter 2: Developing a Water-Use Efficiency Plan

2.1 Plan Contents

2.2 Plan Outline

2.3 Plan Updates

2.4 Suggested Public Participation in Plan Preparation

Case Study 2

Chapter 3: Assessing Current and Planned Water Supply Sources

3.1 Define Water Supply Reliability and Conservation Benefits

3.2 Service Area, Watershed and Seasonal Climate

3.3 Climate Change Shifts in Water Supply Availability

3.4 Sources of Water Supply

3.4.1 Surface water

3.4.2 Groundwater

3.4.3 Recycled water and desalination

3.4.4 Other sources

3.4.5 Water sources quality

3.4.6 Water transfers/exchanges

3.4.7 Water Treatment and Distribution System

3.5 Supply Vulnerability

3.6 Effect of Water-Use Efficiency on Water and Wastewater Systems

3.6.1 Lowering water system operating costs and green house gases

3.6.2 Downsizing water systems

3.6.3 Cost Saving on wastewater system operations

3.6.4 Downsizing wastewater systems

Case Study 3

Case Study 4

Chapter 4: Assessing Current and Future Water Demands

4.1 Evaluating Current Water Use

4.1.1 Describing the service area

4.1.2 Describing water use

4.1.3 Analysing historical water use.

4.2 Forecasting Future Water Demand

4.2.1 Method 1 - total per capita water use

4.2.2 Method 2 - projection by customer class

4.3 Use of Demand Forecasts in Demand Management Planning

Case Study 5

Chapter 5: Developing Water Use Efficiency Goals

5.1 Frame Water Use Efficiency Needs

5.1.1 Supply

5.1.2 Demand

5.2 Assessment of Water Savings Potential for Customers

5.2.1 Assess water usage by customer category

5.2.2 Estimate end uses

5.2.3 Understanding water using behaviours to focus efficiency efforts

5.3 Describe Current Demand Management Programme

5.4 Identify Possible Water Supply Options for Meeting Future Demand

5.5 Establishment of Water Efficiency Goals

Case Study 6

Case Study 7

Chapter 6: Determining Feasibility of Water-Use Efficiency Measures

6.1 Water Distribution Efficiency Measures for Utilities

6.1.1 Water system audits, leak detection and repair

6.1.2 Metering with tariffs based on volume of water use

6.2 Water Efficiency Measures for Customers

6.2.1 Developing a list of alternative evaluation measures

6.2.2 Water efficient devices, fixtures and fittings

6.3 Measure Screening Process

6.3.1 Suggested menu of water efficiency measures

6.3.2 Example of a screening process

Case Study 8

Case Study 9

Case Study 10

Case Study 11

Chapter 7: Evaluating Cost Effectiveness of Water Efficiency Measures

7.1 Approach to Benefit-Cost Analysis

7.2 Basis for Benefit-Cost Analysis

7.2.1 Responsibility of the efficiency programme manager

7.2.2 Benefit-cost analysis methodology

7.3 Key Considerations in Estimating Benefits and Costs

7.3.1 Utility benefits (avoided costs)

7.3.2 Utility costs

7.4 Estimated Customer Benefits

7.5 Estimated Other Benefits and Costs

7.6 Re-evaluation of Programme Cost Effectiveness.

7.7 Example of Evaluating Programme Cost Effectiveness

Case Study 12

Case Study 13

Chapter 8: Financing Water-Use Efficiency Programmes

8.1 Infrastructure Cost Savings

8.2 Water Tariff Pricing and Fee-based Funding Schemes

8.3 Private Funding and Performance Contracting

8.4 Outside Sources of Funding

Case Study 14

Case Study 15

Case Study 16

Case Study 17

Case Study 18

Chapter 9: Community Involvement and Capacity Development in Water Use Efficiency

9.1 Engaging Public Stakeholders

9.1.1 Developing a public participation strategy

9.1.2 Identifying target audiences

9.1.3 Techniques for consensus building

9.1.4 Tools for engaging the public for setting plan goals

9.1.5 Guidelines for conducting a successful process

9.2 Building Public Awareness on Water Conservation and Water Efficiency

9.2.1 Developing a public awareness program

9.2.2 Achieving social acceptance through cultural awareness and community based marketing

9.3 Building Community Capacity and Leveraging Non-Governmental Organizations

9.3.1 Engaging local professionals and trade organizations

9.3.2 Role of non-governmental organizations

9.3.3 Role of local community leaders and citizens

9.3.4 Gaining support from local institutions and universities

Case Study 19

Case Study 20

Case Study 21

Chapter 10: Approaches for Programme Implementation

10.1 Implementation

10.1.1 Responsibilities of an efficiency programme manager

10.1.2 Developing a work plan

10.1.3 Responsibility of programme participants

10.2 Overcoming Constraints

10.2.1 Lack of data

10.2.2 Knowledge of efficiency measures

10.2.3 Availability of long-range capital facility plans

10.3 Programme Monitoring and Evaluation

10.3.1 Measuring water savings

10.3.2 Other techniques for measuring effectiveness.

10.4 Utilization of the Efficiency Networks

Case Study 22

Case Study 23

Case Study 24

Case Study 25

Appendix 1: Glossary of Key Terms

Appendix 2: Internet Resources for Water Efficiency

Appendix 3: Example Water Use Efficiency Measures for Water Utilities

Appendix 4: Guide to Making Benefit-Cost Calculations

Introduction

A. Choosing an accounting perspective

B. Calculating benefits in terms of water savings

C. Determining the benefits of efficiency measures

D. Determining the costs of efficiency measures

E. Performing a benefit-cost analysis

F. Determining the benefit-to-cost ratio using present value analysis

G. Determining a benefit-cost ratio for all efficiency measures combined into one programme

Appendix 5: Sample Checklist for Water Saving Measures

References.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references.

CC BY-NC-ND

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed February 22, 2014).

ISBN:

9781780405247

1780405243

OCLC:

870303102

Access Restriction:

Open Access Unrestricted online access