Plant breeding reviews Volume 36 / edited by Jules Janick ... [et. al.].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Janick, Jules, 1931-

Series:

Plant breeding reviews ; v. 36

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Plant breeding.

Crops--Genetics.

Crops.

Physical Description:

x, 535, [2] p.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

Summary:

Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops. It is a serial title that appears in the form of one or two volumes per year.

Contents:

Plant Breeding Reviews

Contents

Contributors

1. Dedication: Rodomiro Ortiz Plant Breeder, Catalyst for Agricultural Development

I. Preamble

II. Early Years

A. Formative Experiences

B. University in Peru

III. Research Career

A. Potato Research at the International Potato Center (CIP)

B. Potato Research at the University of Wisconsin-Madison

C. Vaccinium Research at Rutgers University

D. Musa Research at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA)

E. Nordic Professor of Plant Genetic Resources

F. Director of Genetic Resources and Enhancement at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)

G. Director of Crop Improvement to Executive Management at IITA

H. Research Director to Executive Advisor at the International Maize andWheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT)

I. Freelance Executive Advisor to National Opinion Leader in Peru

IV. The Man

V. The Scientist

VI. The Mentor, Inspirer, Manager, and Multiplier

VII. The Future

Acknowledgments

Publications of Rodomiro Ortiz

Germplasm Registrations

Plantain Hybrids

Banana Hybrids

Plantain-Banana Hybrids

Potato

2. Phenotyping, Genetic Dissection, and Breeding for Drought and Heat Tolerance in Common Wheat: Status and Prospects

I. Introduction

II. Target Environments

A. Wheat Production Under Drought

B. Wheat Production Under Heat Stress

C. Problems due to Climate Change

D. Genetics and Breeding for Drought and Heat Stress

III. Traits and Parameters to Measure Drought and Heat Tolerance and Their Genetic Dissection in Wheat

A. Traits to Measure Both Drought and Heat Tolerance

1. Canopy Temperature Depression

2. Shoot Vigor

3. Grain-Filling Duration

4. Green Flag Leaf Area and "Stay Green" Habit

5. Cell Membrane Thermostability.

6. Leaf Folding and Leaf Rolling

7. Stomatal/Leaf Conductance

8. Grain Yield and Related Traits

B. Traits to Measure Drought Tolerance Only

1. Seedling Emergence, Coleoptile Length, and GA-Sensitive Dwarfness

2. Carbon Isotope Discrimination

3. Water Soluble Carbohydrates

4. Rate of Water Loss and Water Status in Leaves and Uprooted Plants

5. Osmoregulation

6. Stress Hormone: Abscisic Acid (ABA)

7. Root Vigor and Architecture

8. Epicuticular Wax/Leaf Glaucousness

IV. Synergy Among Stress-Adaptive Traits

V. Crop Modeling for Drought and Heat Tolerance

A. Crop Modeling for Drought and Heat Stress

B. Crop Modeling in Wheat

VI. High-Throughput Phenotyping

A. Infrared Thermal Imaging

1. Screening Through Infrared Thermography

2. Phenotyping Platforms

B. Magnetic Resonance Imaging

C. Spectral Reflectance Index and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

VII. Strategies for Developing Drought- and Heat-Tolerant Wheat Genotypes

A. Conventional Breeding Approaches

1. Use of Crop Wild Relatives

2. Drought- and Heat-Tolerant Wheat Cultivars

3. Strategic Trait-Based Physiological Breeding

4. Limitations of Conventional Breeding

B. Marker-Assisted Selection

1. Limitations with Known QTL and Genetic Markers

2. MAS Programs

C. Transgenics

1. Drought Tolerance

2. Heat Tolerance

VIII. Outlook

Literature Cited

3. Nutritionally Enhanced Staple Food Crops

II. Biomarkers for Assessing Nutritional Status

III. Micronutrient Bioavailability

A. Models and Assays to Access Nutrients Bioavailability and Absorption

1. Models and Assays

2. Nutrients Bioavailability, Absorption, and Metabolism

3. Iron and Zinc

4. β-Carotene

B. Factors Influencing Nutrients Bioavailability

1. Enhancers/Inhibitors.

2. Production Environment, Postharvest and Storage Conditions, and Food Processing and Preparation

3. Provitamin A (β-Carotene) Conversion to Retinol (Vitamin A)

C. Efficacy of Biofortified Crops on Human Health

IV. Phenotypic Screens

A. Methodology and Approaches to Screen for Seed Iron, Zinc, Phytate, and β-Carotene

B. Screening Under Optimal or Nutrient-Deficient Conditions

C. Plant Traits Associated with Increased Acquisition of Iron and Zinc

D. Iron and Zinc Uptake, Accumulation, and Translocation to Seed and Nonseed Parts

E. Nutrient Use Efficiency

V. Mining Germplasm Collections for Natural Variation for Seed Iron, Zinc, and Phytate

A. Variation and/or Bioavailability of Seed Iron, Zinc, and Phytate

1. Seed Iron and Zinc Concentration

2. Seed Phytate Concentration

3. Seed Iron and Zinc Bioavailability

B. Distribution of Iron and Zinc in the Seed

VI. Exploiting Natural Genetic Variation to Breed for Seed Mineral-Dense Cultivars

A. Fixing the Biologically Attainable Target to Breed for Seed Mineral-Dense Crops

B. Genotype X Environment Interaction and Relationships Between Seed Minerals and Agronomic Traits

C. Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) Associated with Seed Iron, Zinc, and Phytate Concentrations

D. QTL Mapping, Cloning, and Introgression of b-Carotene into Adapted Germplasm

E. Developing Seed Iron- and Zinc-Dense Cultivars Using Conventional Breeding and Genomic Tools and Cultivars Adoption

1. Grain Minerals-Dense Cultivars and Hybrids

2. Adoption of Biofortified Cultivars by Farmers

F. Breeding Issues Associated with Selecting Seed Mineral-Dense Progenies

VII. Enhancing Seed Iron, Zinc, and B-Carotene Using Transgene(S)

A. Transgenes for Nutritional Enhancement of Food Crops

1. Iron and Zinc

2. Phytate

3. β-Carotene.

B. Consumer's Attitude to Genetically Modified Biofortified Crops

C. Nutritionally Enhanced Genetically Modified Crops and Biosafety Issues

4. Genetic Management of Virus Diseases in Peanut

II. Virus Diseases

A. Management Options for Virus Diseases

1. Cultural Management

2. Vector Control

3. Genetic Resistance

B. Screening for Virus Resistance

1. Greenhouse Screening

2. Field Screening

C. Mechanisms of Host Response to Virus Infection

1. Nonhost Resistance

2. Cultivar Resistance

3. Acquired Resistance

D. Screening for Vector Resistance

III. Breeding for Resistance to Virus Diseases

A. Groundnut Rosette Disease

1. Occurrence

2. Symptoms

3. Virus Causal Agents and Their Characteristics

4. Vector and its Characteristics

5. Alternate Hosts of Virus

6. Conventional Genetic Improvement

7. Nonconventional Genetic Improvement

B. Peanut Bud Necrosis Disease

3. Virus Causal Agent and its Characteristics

C. Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus Disease

D. Peanut Stripe Virus Disease

4. Alternate Hosts of Virus

5. Conventional Genetic Improvement

6. Nonconventional Genetic Improvement

E. Peanut Stem Necrosis Disease

3. Causal Agent and its Vector and Their Characteristics.

4. Alternate Hosts of the Virus

F. Peanut Clump Disease

3. Causal Agent and its Vector and Their Characteristics

G. Peanut Mottle Virus Disease

H. Peanut Stunt Virus Disease

5. Genetic Improvement

I. Cowpea Mild Mottle Virus Disease

J. Cucumber Mosaic Virus Disease

IV. The Future

5. Common Bean Breeding in the Tropics

II. A Brief History

III. The Tropical Context

A. Production by Countries and Regions

B. Production Systems

C. The Social Dimension

D. Low Yields Versus Yield Potential

IV. Origins and Genetic Resources

A. Origins of Wild Beans

B. Domestication

V. Biotic Constraints

A. Fungal Pathogens

1. Anthracnose

2. Angular Leaf Spot

3. Soilborne Pathogens

4. Miscellaneous Fungal Pathogens

B. Bacterial Pathogens

C. Viral Pathogens

1. Potyvirus: BCMV/BCMNV

2. Gemini Virus

3. Bean Severe Mosaic Virus

D. Insects

1. Storage Insects or Bruchids

2. Leafhoppers

3. Apion spp

4. Bean Fly.

VI. Abiotic Constraints.

ISBN:

1-283-64458-4

1-118-35856-2

1-118-35858-9

OCLC:

818854231