Composite materials in engineering structures / Jennifer M. Davis, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Davis, Jennifer M.

Series:

Materials science and technologies series.

Materials science and technologies

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Composite materials.

Engineering design.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (431 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2011.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Composite materials such as fiber-reinforced composites, aggregate composites, and natural fiber reinforced composites have been used widely in engineering structures in various industries. Composite laminates, especially fiber reinforced metal laminates (FRMLs) have been used extensively in aerospace structures. Composite laminates are materials that involve some combination on a macroscopic scale of two or more different primary structural engineering constituents such as polymers, metals, ceramics and glasses. This book presents current research from across the globe in the study of composite materials, including the effects of thermo-oxidation on composite materials and structures at high temperatures; damping in composite materials; fatigue and fracture of short fiber composites; and solutions for postbuckling of composite beams.

Contents:

Intro

COMPOSITE MATERIALS INENGINEERING STRUCTURES

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1EFFECTS OF THERMO-OXIDATION ONCOMPOSITE MATERIALS AND STRUCTURESAT HIGH TEMPERATURES

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

LITERATURE REVIEW: RELEVANT ISSUESAND EXPERIMENTAL FACTS

Effect of Thermo-Oxidation on Damage Onset andPropagation in Composite Laminates

Effects of Thermo-Oxidation on the Neat Polymer

Classical Mechanistic Scheme for Thermo-Oxidation in Polymers and PMCS

Discussion on the Reviewed Experimental Facts

CHARACTERIZATION OF MATRIX SHRINKAGE IN PMCS BYCONFOCAL INTERFEROMETRIC MICROSCOPY

CHEMO-MECHANICS COUPLED MODEL FORTHERMO-OXIDATION OF POLYMERS AND PMCS

Remarks on the Thermodynamics Framework

Chemo-Mechanics Couplings in the Elastic Range

Experimental Assessment of Chemo-Mechanics Couplings inNeat Polymer Resins under Stress

Viscoelastic Model of a Polymer at High Temperature

Identification of the Viscoelastic Model for a 977-2 PolymerMatrix Resin at High Temperature

VALIDATION OF THE MODEL AND SIMULATIONS

Validation of the Model through Comparison with Cim Matrix ShrinkageMeasurements in PMCs

Model Simulations - Micro Damage Onset

Mass Loss Simulation in PMCs Laminates

ACCELERATED THERMO-OXIDATION

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

Chapter 2DAMPING IN COMPOSITE MATERIALSAND STRUCTURES

1. Introduction

2. Damping in a Unidirectional Composite as a Functionof the Constituents

3. Bending Vibrations of Undamped and Damped LaminateBeams

3.1. Undamped Beam Vibrations

3.1.1. Normal Modes in the Case of Undamped Vibrations

3.1.2. Motion Equation in Normal Co-ordinates

3.2. Damping Modelling Using Viscous Friction

3.2.1. Vibration Equation of Damped Beams

3.2.2. Motion Equation in Normal Coordinates.

3.2.3. Forced Harmonic Vibrations

3.3. Damping Modelling Using Complex Stiffness

3.4. Beam Response to a Concentrated Loading

4. Evaluation of the Damping Properties of Orthotropic Beams asFunctions of The Material Orientation

4.1. Energy Analysis of Beam Damping

4.1.1. Introduction

4.1.2. Adams-bacon Approach

4.1.3. Ni-Adams Analysis

4.1.4. General Formulation of Damping

4.2. Complex Moduli

5. Evaluation of the Damping Properties of Plates as Functionof Material Direction

5.1. Orthotropic Plates

5.1.1. Formulation

5.1.2. Procedure

5.2. Laminated Plates

5.3. Conclusion

6. Damping Analysis of Laminates with Interleaved ViscoelasticLayers

6.1. Introduction

6.2. Laminate Configurations

6.3. Evaluation of the Damping in the Case of Interleaved Viscoelastic Layers

7. Damping Evaluation Using Finite Element Analysis

7.1. Introduction

7.2. In-Plane Strain Energy as a Function of In-Plane Stresses

7.3. In-Plane Stress Evaluation

7.4. In-Plane Energy Evaluation

7.5. Transverse Shear Stresses

7.6. Transverse Shear Strain Energy as Function of Transverse ShearStresses

7.7. Evaluation of Transverse Shear Strain Energy

7.8. Structural Damping and Discussion

7.9. Procedure and Discussion

8. Experimental Investigation and Discussion on the DampingProperties

8.1. Materials

8.2. Experimental Equipment

8.3. Analysis of the Experimental Results

8.3.1. Determination of the Constitutive Damping Parameters

8.3.2. Plate Damping Measurement

8.4. Damping of Unidirectional Laminates

8.4.1. Experimental Results

8.4.2. Comparison of Experimental Results and Models

8.4.2.1. Models of Adams-Bacon and Ni-Adams

8.4.2.2. Complex Stiffness Model

8.4.2.3. Using the Ritz Method

8.4.2.3.1. Damping Parameters

8.4.2.3.2. Influence of the Width of the Beams.

8.4.2.3.3. Damping according to the modes of beam vibrations

8.5. Damping of Laminated Beams

8.6. Damping of Cloth Reinforced Laminates

8.7. Damping of Unidirectional Laminates with Interleaved ViscoelasticLayers

8.7.1. Materials

8.7.2. Experimental Results

8.7.3. Analysis of the Experimental Results

8.7.3.1. Dynamic Properties of the Viscoelastic Layers

8.7.3.2. Damping of the Glass Fibre Laminates with Interleaved Viscoelastic Layers

9. Dynamic Response of a Damped Composite Structure

Conclusions

References

Chapter 3MECHANICAL STATES INDUCED BY MOISTUREDIFFUSION IN ORGANIC MATRIX COMPOSITES:COUPLED SCALE TRANSITION MODELS

Abstract

2. Effects of Moisture Dependent Constituents Propertieson the Hygroscopic Stresses Experienced by CompositeStructures

2.1. Inverse Scale Transition Modelling for the Identification of theHygro-Elastic Properties of One Constituent of a Composite Ply

2.1.1. Introduction

2.1.2. Estimating Constituents Properties from Eshelby-Kröner Self-consistentInverse Scale Transition Model

2.1.2.1. Introduction

2.1.2.2. Estimating the Effective Properties of a Composite Ply through Eshelby-KrönerSelf-consistent Model

2.1.2.3. Inverse Eshelby-Kröner Self-consistent Elastic Model

2.1.2.4. Application of Inverse Scale Transition Model to the Determinationof the Moisture and Temperature Dependent Pseudo-macroscopic ElasticProperties of Carbon-epoxy Composites

2.2. Multi-Scale Stresses Estimations in Composite Structures Accounting ofHygro-Mechanical Coupling for the Elastic Stiffness: T300/5208Composite Pipe Submitted to Environmental Conditions

2.3. Discussion about the Results

3. Stress-Dependent Moisture Diffusion in Composite Materials

3.1. Accounting for a Coupling between the Mechanical Statesand the Moisture Diffusion in Pure Organic Matrix.

3.1.1. Moisture Diffusion Coefficient

3.1.2. Maximum Moisture Absorption Capacity

3.2. Composite Materials

3.2.1. Modelling the Moisture Diffusion Process

3.2.2. Mechanical Modelling

3.3. Numerical Results

3.3.1. Effects of the Hygro-mechanical Coupling on the Main Parametersof the Diffusion Process

3.3.2. Predicted Multi-scale Mechanical States

4. Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Effective Behaviourof Polymer Matrix Composites

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Hygro-Mechanical Problem

4.2.1. Mechanical Problem

4.2.2. Calculation of the Matrix Free Volume

4.3. Effects of Mechanical Loading on the Diffusion Parameters

4.3.1. Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Moisture Content at Saturation

4.3.2. Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Gap Parameters at the InterfaceFiber/matrix

4.3.3. Effect of Mechanical Loading on the Diffusion Coefficients

4.4. Hygroscopic Problem

4.5. Moisture Content Estimation

5. Conclusion and Perspectives

Chapter 4FATIGUE AND FRACTURE OF SHORT FIBRECOMPOSITES EXPOSED TO EXTREMETEMPERATURES

2. Fatigue and Fracture of Composite

2.1. Failure Mode of Composites

De-bonding

Interlaminar Failure

Fibre Buckling

Fibre Pull-out

Fibre Breakage

Cracking of Composites

Micro-cracking of Composites

2.2. Fatigue Failure of Composites

3. Short Fibre Composites

3.1. Fibre Length and Orientation

3.2. Stress and Strain Distribution at Fibre

4. Mechanical Property Variation in Fatigue of Polymer BasedShort Fibre Composites

4.1. Residual Strength of Short Fibre Composites

4.2. Elastic Modulus of Short Fibre Composite Materials

4.2.1. Elastic Properties of Short Fibre Composite Materials Using Rule-of-Mixtures

5. Temperature Effect on the Thermosetting Polymer

5.1. Thermosetting Polymer.

Phenolic Resins

Polyester Resins

Epoxy Resins

Vinylester Resins [18]

5.2. Failure of Thermosetting Composites by Temperature Effects

5.3. Variation in Modulus of Polymer Composites with Temperature

The Glassy State (Region 1)

The Glass Transition (Region 2)

The Rubbery State (Region 3)

The Liquid Flow Region (Region 4)

5.4. Glass Transition Temperature, g T

6. Fatigue Damage Modelling in Short-Fibre Composite

6.1. Micromechanical Model

Critical Element &amp

Damage Accumulation Concept

6.2. Phenomenological Model

Combined Phenomenological Damage Model

7. Experimental Consideration and Verification Study

7.1. Experimental Variables

7.1.1. Stress Ratio, R

7.1.2. Loading Frequency

7.2. Experimentation and Verification Study

7.2.1. Experimental Program

7.2.2. Experimental Result and Verification of the Models Residual Strength

Residual Stiffness

8. Conclusion

Chapter 5FATIGUE OF POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITESAT ELEVATED TEMPERATURES -AREVIEW

2. Fatigue Behaviour of PMC Materials

3. Development of High Temperature Polymers

4. Review of Elevated Temperature Fatigue Studies

4.1. Experimental

4.2. Prediction Modeling

Conclusion

5.1. Experimental

5.2. Prediction Modeling

5.3. Current Research

Acknowledgments

Chapter 6THE CLOSED FORM SOLUTIONS OF INFINITESIMALAND FINITE DEFORMATION OF 2-D LAMINATEDCURVED BEAMS OF VARIABLE CURVATURES

2. Fundamental Equations

3. Solutions of Laminated Curved Beams of InfinitesimalDeformation

3.1. Laminated Curved Beam Theory: Infinitesimal Deformation

3.2. Laminate Curved Beam under Pure Bending

3.2.1. Circular Arc

3.2.2. Elliptic Arc

3.3. Laminate Curved Beams under Radial Load

3.3.1. Cycloid Curve.

3.4. Laminated Ring under Opposite Point Loads.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-61761-144-1

OCLC:

775352342